seems to explain, in a measure at least, the many different terms of and Vrss. This is emphasized by the cognate verb, I recount them], namely, the tears of the next line. The 1 sg. of G, Z, is to be preferred to 2 sg. of H, "Thou tellest," EV., "hast counted," Dr., Kirk. — My tears are put before Thee]. So 6, which is to be preferred to H, "in Thy flask," as better suited to the context and simpler. gives a figure of speech, which is indeed striking and touching, especially if in parall. with the next clause of ,"are they not in Thy book." This is as much as to say that Yahweh not only records in His book of record the sufferings of His people; but every tear that these sufferings produce is treasured up in the flask, rather the skin bottle of the Orient, which He uses for the purpose. But this last clause is an explanatory gloss, destroying the measure, and the reference to flask, standing alone, is less probable.-10. Mine enemies will turn backward]. The attention of Yahweh to the sufferings of His people makes it certain that their enemies will be overcome, and that they will be compelled to a disastrous retreat, cf. 9' 44". — In the day I call, I know it]. As in v., the time of extreme peril, the time of fear, was also the time of trust, so here the time when they call upon Yahweh for help is the very time in which they know that Yahweh is able to give them the deliverance they implore. This is emphasized in by the insertion of "lo," both unnecessary and at the expense of the measure. For Yahweh is for me], as PBV., AV., is to be preferred to RV., “that Yahweh is for me," connecting it with "know" in the same line as its obj., which is against the measure. Str. IV. has two syn. couplets and a synth. couplet.—13. Upon me], incumbent as a duty, or an assumed obligation, because of the deliverance granted. Thy votive offerings], sacrifices vowed and offered up in accordance with such vows, cf. 226 || thankofferings, sacrifices expressing gratitude for blessings received, cf. 5014 23; first distinguished in code of D.-14. And my feet from being pushed down]. The phr. cited 1168 is dub. But the use of the verb makes it evident that the peril was from thrusts or pushes of the enemy, which would result in his stumbling and falling prostrate in death, unless delivered. that I may walk before Yahweh], in the presence of Yahweh, resident in His temple in D Jerusalem; the city of Jerusalem being conceived as the royal city, and the land as His land.—in the light of the land of the living]. The Holy Land is a land rejoicing in the light shining forth from Yahweh's presence in the temple, and so it is the land of the living, in which those living by the favour of Yahweh truly live. An ancient copyist reduced the line to "light of the living," a phr. elsw. Jb. 330, but it was cited before that mistake was made in 1169 as "lands of the living," cf. 2713 527 1426. The measure requires both words. 2. ] Kúple. The divine name is a gl., making 1. too long.—] gl. of interpretation.-] Qal pf. v pant after, as 119181 Je. 224 146, so Du., Dr.; but KATEяáтNoév μe, I conculcavit me † II. v.3 57a Am. 27 (?) 8a Ez. 368, so Bä.] coll. antith. God 85 920. 21, cf. v.5, N v.12.Da] thrice repeated, v.2. 3. 6. It should begin the 1. v.3 as in other cases. - Qal impf. ‡ình vb. Qal squeeze, oppress, as 10642 Ex. 2220 239 (E) ,.So Aug כי רבים before מרום יום p 68 insertsרים .3 - .64 .Ju. 218 Am which ,מֶרוּס or ממרום = Cassiodorus, by txt. err., rendering ånd vous nμépas meaning is unknown to Heb. usage. . a. c. T.A attach it as H. SA, Eusebius rd., but divide as , so Houb. on, should, however, go with or as the measure requires. usually is the height of heaven, 78 105 1817, but 929 Most High, & iσтos, so here I altissime, Aq., T, Quinta, Ki., Calv., AV. It is also used of heavenly beings Is. 24. Bu. gives it adverbial force, with pride, proudly, as 2, Luther, Geier, Moll., RV., Now., Kirk., with high looks, Dr., but this is the only example proposed and is dub. The measure requires o in v., and Most High gives best sense and is better sustained.-4. ov] with impf. as v.1o, cf. with inf. 201o, time when, graphically conceived as a day. -NN] Qal impf. of state; but & poßn@hσovтaι makes it prob. that we should rd. inf. 7, capable of both interpretations.] emph. 5. = v.116. 12, a Rf. to be inserted also after v.8a 14.] Pi. impf. v. 56; c. 2, as in 449, boast of; c. acc. laud, praise. ☞ inserts on from 449 and interprets vb. as Taivéow, so I laudavi. —77] 67, both interp. of 727, 3 as v.11; 2d acc. after with a word, cf. p 35, etc. — God, cf. 7889 Gn. 63 (J) Je. 175 and the phr. latter is prob. editorial substitution. ] should precede for better measure.-6.] if obj. must be taken in the sense of affairs, Bä., Du.; but I has sermonibus 77, which is most prob.-] Pi. impf. 3 pl. i.p. ‡ [axy] vb. hurt, pain, grieve; Pi. vex, as Is. 6310; Hiph. idem Ps. 7840. has ¿ßdeλúσσovтo which translates y 57 10640 10718 119163, but improb.— by] emph. — anɔwno-] has two beats 3310 Je. 619 1812 2911+.—y] makes 1. too long; should go with next in emph. position, which indeed needs it. 7. Qal impf. Tapokhσovσ, usual mng. sojourn, v. 55; but I congregabuntur, so 2, T, EV., from another stem † mng. gather together, ] flesh, v. 169; for man antith. Pss. 658 14521 || DN v.12, which as Ki., Ges., De., Now., elsw. 594 1403 Is. 5415. But BDB. after Hi., Ew., Di., Bä., makes stem with mng. stir up strife, quarrel, in all these passages. Gr., Du., after AE rd. here and in 59a » Qal impf. ¬ troop together, as 9421, where, however, Ols. rds. 1.—D] Kt. Hiph. impf. 3 pl., so Jb. 143 Ex. 23, but Qr. Qal; in either case hide, lurk, spy, as Ps. 108.-] emph. referring to same persons. MT. attached to previous vb., but more properly to following in accord with measure. —] phr. a.λ. but idea 8952. — ] according as. La., Bi., rd. › as a lion, but ✈ (2217 txt. err.), and the change unnecessary and improb.-8. not in by AT is difficult in this context. Most who retain the text interpret as a question; but it is certainly abrupt and improb. J has quia nullus est salvus in eis = boho by, taking by = ¬ by, cf. 11916, and y negative; but this does not suit the context. ( has ὑπὲρ τοῦ μηθενὸς σώσεις αὐτούς, taking e as noun, nothing and vb. as imv. || 1717. This gives good parall., but a lame idea. The text is certainly corrupt. Bach., Bä., propose ss, H, Aq., 2, T, retaining one, G, I, Quinta, S, V, the other. This would be easier were it not for the subsequent 1. with its imv. But that is an interp. gl. making the Str. too long. Ew., Ols., Hu., Dy., Now., Du., change on to † vb. denom. Pi. (1) weigh out, as 583; (2) level, a path, 7850, as Pr. 426 56.21 Is. 267. The Rf. which should follow favours imv., and oh gives a most suitable sense. —9. 73] a.λ. 7 n. [m.] sf. I sg. wandering BDB., or possibly agitation, √ vb. move to and fro, v. 111. But & rǹv (why μov, V vitam meam, 3 secretiora mea, my confession, Σ rà ěvdov pov, are difficult to explain on the basis of H. Some simple word with sf. I pl. or coll. sg. is needed || ny having a mng. suited to the vb. D. Bä., Ecker, think that there is word-play with 7781, and that is thereby verified; but this is dub. Che. suggests 'nnis, which is certainly an appropriate word, but the derivation of all the texts and translations therefrom is difficult. It is easier to start from 3. This might be If we suppose that .נגד the same from,הגדי .cf,ידה .Hiph. inf. cstr,הדתי and have been transposed, the final of the vb. which is unknown to 6, S, would belong to the noun. This would give us 77, an easy error for 7. In this case the why of and secretiora of I are what is made known; and S interprets it of confession. This would give us a still better word-play, especially if with 6, I, S, we read for 8.7] Qal pf. 2 m. fully written, but 6, 3, pp makes it evident that was not in original text. It is dittog. The 1. as in has on at the beginning, making measure complete. p] MT. Qal imv. cohort. improb., p ptc. pass. f. is to be preferred, cf. čov, G, S, so Ew., Hu., Bö., Hi., De.—78] thy skin bottle, cf. 337 11983; but G, I, 2, 7711, as Street most prob. ] is tautological, a defective 1., making the Str. just this 1. too long. It is doubtless a gl. or txt. err. by dittog. of an above, or conflation, as Street. is not in , which has is xal, or in I, which has sed non, all interpretative. † [77.00] n.f. a.λ. possibly book; but ✪ év tŷ èñayyeλią σov, 3 in narratione tua. 10. ], 3, but not in 6; a gl. making 1. too long.-] H, I, emph., pointing to the following; but doù; both interpretative gl.—D] GÖT θεός μου el oú, so I quia deus meus es. This is correct if he be original; but if stands for original, is for me, on my side, espousing my cause, which is better suited to context.-11. 27 bax oba] bis in H, G, I, all Vrss. It is tempting to think of dittog., as the only difference is that in v.11. has ; but G, I, have on in both lines, so that the variation is dub. The first clause is needed to complete the Str., the second is the first 1. of Rf. 13.] emph., incumbent on me as an obligation, as 711 1014 162 2211 375 408 5523 628 716. — 14. This v. is also in 1168-9, derived from this Ps. The variations are: (1) nyn 1168 for nyn 5614; (2) the insertion in 1168 of ¬¬ in wy na, which is a gl. even there, and is not in 5614; (3) 1168 is doubtless original for 7 of 5614. 7 is interpretative gl. and abrupt, only 1 of G should be prefixed. †[77] n.[m.] stumbling, a.λ. these two passages. (4) 1169 for inf. na 5614 is an intentional variation. (5) 1169 = Dina 5614; is certainly original. Ps. 116 was composed before 56 went into E. (6) on a 1169, cf. Dunn 78 5614. The original was .as measure requires ארץ החיים PSALM LVII. Ps. 57 is composite : (A) a prayer of the community of the Restoration for deliverance from enemies: (1) seeking refuge in Yahweh (v.2); (2) crying for interposition from heaven (v.); (3) describing the serious situation (v.). (B) a national hymn in a later peaceful time (1) praising Yahweh in the morning in the temple with mind and music (v.8-9); (2) exalting Him to all peoples because of the manifestations of His kindness and faithfulness (v.10-11). The Rf. exalts Him above heaven and earth (v.6. 12). A gloss represents the enemies as fallen into their own pit (v.). 4. v.25, 3 STR. 43. BE gracious to me, Yahweh, be gracious: For in Thee I take refuge; Yea, in the shadow of Thy wings I seek refuge, Till the engulfing ruin be overpast. I CRY to 'El, 'Elyon, To 'El who dealeth bountifully with me. May He send from heaven to save me, May He send His kindness and His faithfulness. I AM in the midst of lions; I must lie down among those who consume the sons of mankind, Whose teeth are spears and arrows, Whose tongue is a sharp sword. B. V.6. 8-12, 2 STR. 43 RF. 23 = PS. 1082-6. O be exalted above the heavens, Yahweh; And above all the earth be Thy glory. My mind is fixed, Yahweh; With my mind let me sing and let me make melody. With the lyre let me waken the dawn. LET me praise Thee among the peoples, Adonay, And unto the skies Thy faithfulness. Ps. 57 was in O be exalted above the heavens, Yahweh; from the collection of p. It was taken up into E. The reference nypa bixw-upp inna was in (v. Intr. §§ 25, 27, 32). As in similar cases, it did not imply that such was the circumstance of its origin; but that some features of the Ps. might be illustrated. It is doubtful which cave is referred to, whether Adullam 1 S. 22, or that in the wilderness of Engedi 1 S. 24. The Ps. was also taken up into R, when it received the musical assignment лn (v. Intr. §§ 33, 34). The Ps. is really composite: A = v.2-5 a prayer for deliverance, 3 Str. 43, which alone was in with the title an; B = v.6. 8-12, 2 Str. 43 with an introductory and concluding Rf. 23. V.7, a pentameter couplet, is a late gl. The second Ps. except v.6 is also contained in the composite Ps. 1082-6. The use of a in v.6. 8. 12 makes it probable that this Ps. was also in E, and that the combination of the two Pss. was made in E, or they may have been separate and adjoining Pss. in E. Ps. 108 however uses v. for 5710, but on v.2.6. Inasmuch as it uses in its second part, also a Ps. of E, N was prob. original and due to a late copyist. In Ps. 57 the language is that of . The unusual forms are glosses or errors of copyists. V.3 for pa, v. gloss, v.5 492 .as Is חדה ; (מְלַקְטִים mispointing for לְהֵטִים לביאים mispointing for לְנָאִם Ez. 51. The situation seems to be the perilous one of the feeble community of the Restoration before Nehemiah. The enemies are the lesser nations who took advantage of the unwalled city to keep the people in constant peril and alarm. Ps. 576 is a morning hymn to be sung, , in the temple with the use of b and w v.9. The poet has a wide outlook over all nations and all the earth. This Ps. cannot be earlier than the Persian period subsequent to Nehemiah, when the people were in a peaceful and happy condition. The structure of the Ps. with opening and closing Rf., as well as its tone, resembles Ps. 8. PSALM LVII. A. Str. I. has a syn. and a synth. couplet.-2. Be gracious] repeated for emphasis, cf. 563. — I take refuge], a usual term of ; first in |