determination, although the grand magazine had exploded from the fire of the British artillery. At length the regiments* before named, in conjunction with the French, gained a footing on the walls. Even then the Tartars fought with noble intrepidity, but eventually they endeavoured to take refuge in the next fort about half a mile distant, although few succeeded in the attempt. Their loss was at least three thousand; the British casualties were seventeen killed, and one hundred and fifty-eight wounded; their allies had about thirty killed and upwards of one hundred wounded. Four hundred guns were taken, and the capture of this strong fort caused the Chinese the same afternoon to surrender the others, together with the province of Pecheli, upon a cessation of hostilities being granted.

OCCUPATION OF PEKIN.

13тн. Остовев, 1860.

TIENTSIN was reached by the allies on the 6th. of September, when the Chinese authorities as usual endeavoured to

*The following officers and men gained the VICTORIA CROSS for acts of bravery performed on the occasion of the assault and capture of the North Taku Fort:-44th. regiment-Lieutenant ROBERT MONTRESOR ROGERS and Private JOHN M'DOUGALL. 67th, regiment-Lieutenant EDMUND HENRY LENON. For distinguished gallantry in swimming the ditches, and entering the North Taku Fort by an embrasure during the assault. They were the first of the English established on the walls of the fort, which they entered in the order in which their names are here recorded, each one being assisted by the others to mount the embrasure. 67th. regimentLieutenant NATHANIEL BURSLEM and Private THOMAS LANE.-For similar gallantry, and for persevering in attempting during the assault, and before the entrance of the fort had been effected by any one, to enlarge an opening in the wall, through which they eventually entered, and, in doing so, were both severely wounded. 67th. regiment-Ensign JOHN WORTHY CHAPLIN. For distinguished gallantry at the North Taku Fort. This officer was carrying the Queen's colour of the regiment, and first planted the colours on the breach made by the storming party, assisted by Private Lane, of the 67th., and subsequently on the cavalier of the fort, which he was the first to mount. In doing this he was severely wounded. Indian Medical Establishment.-Hospital Apprentice ARTHUR FITZGIBBON.-For having behaved with great coolness and courage at the capture of the North Taku Fort; he accompanied a wing of the 67th. regiment, when it took up a position within five hundred yards of the fort, and having quitted cover, he proceeded, under a very heavy fire, to attend to a dooly-bearer, whose wound he had been directed to bind up; and while the regiment was advancing under the enemy's fire, he ran across the open to attend to another wounded man, in doing which he was himself severely wounded.

gain time by negotiation. On arrival at the encamping ground, it was found occupied by a large Chinese army, while batteries had been hastily thrown up; Mr. Parkes, (accompanied by Lieutenant Anderson, of Fane's Irregular Horse, Mr. De Norman, and Mr. Bowlby, the special correspondent of "The Times," whose vigorous reports were of such universal interest, proceeded to Tang-chow to ascertain the reason of this threatening attitude. Mr. Loch, accompanied by Captain Brabazon, DeputyAssistant Quartermaster-General, were afterwards despatched under a flag of truce to order them to return. Meanwhile the Chinese line opened fire, and an action ensued, when their troops, far superior in numbers, were dispersed, the enemy losing six hundred men, and seventy-five guns. This action was fought on the Chow-Ho on the 18th. of September, and another occurred on the 21st. of September, on which day the 1st. or King's Dragoon Guards performed "very excellent service."* The Chinese entrenched camp was taken, and they were driven back upon Pekin. Nearly six hundred pieces of cannon were captured by the allies during these operations. Continuing the advance on that city, a portion of the French army occupied the famed Summer Palace of the Emperor. On the 7th. of October the Chinese were informed, that if the prisoners were not restored, and one of the gates of Pekin delivered up, the city would be stormed.

The

The late Lord Herbert, in his first speech in the House of Lords in moving the vote of thanks to the Forces in China, alluded to this service: "The Tartar cavalry had posted themselves upon an eminence, which had a sudden fall at the foot of it, and in the deepest part they had made a ditch. They evidently thought our cavalry could not pass this ditch, and that they should be able to pick off our men as they came up with the greatest ease with their matchlocks. The spot has been described to me by an eye witness as what would be called, in hunting phraseology, "a very ugly place," one which very many would have looked at twice, and which very few would have gone at. probability is that the majority of the field would have gone round, and attained their object in some other way. The 1st. Dragoon Guards however rode at it, and so successfully, that they cleared the place without more than one or two men getting out of the ranks. This struck dismay into the Tartars, who had no conception such a feat was possible, and they instantly scattered themselves all over the plain. A Chinese force afterwards attempted to clear the place, as our men had, but they utterly failed, and fell back into the ditch. It is said to have been singular to witness the great respect the enemy always paid to our cavaly, whether regulars or irregulars, but the alarm depicted in their countenances, and their sudden change of tactics whenever our Dragoon Guards afterwards came into the field, was something remarkable."

MEDAL FOR SECOND CHINESE WAR.

191

This was agreed to, and a force of two hundred French and British took peaceable possession of the gate at noon on the 13th. of October. This operation concluded the campaign. The crowning result was that the former treaty was ratified, a large sum of money was paid by the Chinese, and such prisoners as survived were released. Some of them, however, died from the savage treatment they experienced, and amongst them were Mr. De Norman, Lieutenant Anderson, Mr. Bowlby, and Captain Brabazon.*

MEDAL FOR SECOND CHINESE WAR.

ON the 6th. of March, 1861, the Queen was pleased to command that a medal should be bestowed upon all the officers

*Corps employed against Canton, in 1857, and the Taku Forts and Pekin, in 1860. Those present at CANTON, TAKU FORTS, PEKIN, (as shewn by the figure 1,) have been authorised to bear the names of these places on their regimental colours; the 60th. being Rifles, have them on their appointments. The Artillery, Engineers, and Marines have a general motto, and do not receive such distinctions.

a Three batteries at Canton, nine at Taku Forts, five at Pekin.

b Half a Company at Canton, two and a half Companies at Taku and

Pekin. c Three battalions at Canton, one at Taku Forts.

d Detachment of two officers and forty men; being so small a portion of the corps, the word CANTON was not authorised for the regiment.

and soldiers of Her Majesty's Army and the Indian Forces employed in the foregoing operations. The medal is similar to that granted for the first Chinese War, (page 121,) except that the date 1842, on the reverse, is omitted. The ribbon is the same, namely, scarlet with yellow edges. The clasps are of the same pattern as those for the Mutiny Medal, and are inscribed CANTON, 1857, TAKU FORTS, 1860, and PEkin, 1860.* An additional clasp having thereon CHINA, 1842, was authorized for such of the recipients of the first medal as had been engaged in the second Chinese War.

THE Chinese Campaign brings the MEDALS OF THE BRITISH ARMY to a conclusion, and although this service cannot be regarded with the same absorbing interest attaching to the Indian Mutiny, yet it forms a glorious addition to the annals of War, being not only remarkable for the first effective employment of Armstrong guns, but also for the success of the sanitary measures adopted to preserve the health of the troops in so distant a quarter of the globe; and above all for the cordial union existing between the allied commanders, Sir Hope Grant and General Montauban. All must trust that the armies of France and England may never be otherwise employed than for the mutual glory of both countries, in the maintenance of one common cause, and in the promotion of the best interests of mankind.

Clasps for FATSHAN, 1857, and TAKU FORTS, 1858, were authorized for the Navy and Marines, but are not specified above, as they were granted expressly for Naval operations.

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