length overcome, and the troops established themselves within the enclosure of the Residency.* It was not, however, until the following evening that the remainder of the force, with the sick and wounded, constantly exposed to the attacks of the foe, could be brought in. This succour is regarded, in respect a continuation of the defence of

to the medal-clasps, as Lucknow.

RELIEF OF LUCKNOW.

17TH. NOVEMBER, 1857.

SIR COLIN CAMPBELL, who, like Sir Charles Napier, had proceeded at a moment's notice to India, did not find the

* Captain William Robert Moorsom, of the 52nd Light Infantry, rendered most important service in guiding Havelock's second column. This young officer had been selected in 1856 to conduct a scientific survey of Lucknow, and having preserved rough copies of it, his knowledge of the city proved of the highest importance, not only on this, but subsequent occasions, his gallantry being repeatedly mentioned in the despatches. Captain Moorsom met a soldier's death at the early age of twenty-four, at the head of a column of attack on the rebel parts of the city of Lucknow, on the 11th. of March, 1858, and the 52nd., feeling that the career of this young officer, who had been engaged in nine pitched battles and numerous skirmishes, having been twice wounded, was an honour to the regiment, erected a monumental tablet to his memory in the cathedral of Rochester. The division of Sir James Outram also erected in Westminster Abbey a memorial window to their youthful Quartermaster-General,

Captain Oliver J. Jones, R N., in his "Recollections of a Winter Campaign in India, 1857-8," gives the following amusing anecdote of his first peep at the Commander-in-Chief. The author was wandering through the rooms of a "strongish place" taken from a Rajah.-"In one of them I found a couple of glass candlesticks, not worth sixpence a-piece; but as my establishment only sported an empty porter bottle, I thought they would make a handsome addition, and took them. Coming down stairs I met Forster-poor fellow! he is now dead-one of the Chief's aide-decamps, who said,-By Jove, old fellow, you'd better not let Sir Colin catch you looting-here he comes!' upon which I dropped them, as Paddy says, like a hot murphy; and in a couple of minutes after saw a Sikh walking off with my elegant candlesticks. Soon afterwards I saw the chief serving out bamboo backsheesh to some Sikhs who passed him with loot, with a big stick, and I rejoiced at the warning my friend Forster had given me, else, perhaps, in his wrath, he might have broke my head too."

The promising young officer above referred to, namely, Captain W. F. Godolphin Forster, of the 18th. Royal Irish Regiment, son of MajorGeneral W. F. Forster, K.H., Military Secretary at Head Quarters., died at Lucknow on the 14th. of May, 1858, and up to that date had accompanied Sir Colin Campbell in all his battles and operations against the mutineers.

task completed, as was the case in the Punjab emergency. There was work to be done, and how nobly and successfully it was performed, is now matter of history. Troops constantly arrived from England at Calcutta, and were moved up to Cawnpore as speedily as possible, but owing to the want of transport, only slow progress was made, and Sir Colin was not prepared to proceed therefrom for the final relief of the garrison at Lucknow before the 9th. of November. By a rapid march he joined, on the same day that he quitted Cawnpore, the column under Brigadier-General Grant in camp at Buntara, about six miles from the Alumbagh. Remaining there for reinforcements until the 12th. of November, he advanced on the Alumbagh, which he reached in the evening, after having captured the guns of a body of the enemy who had attacked his vanguard. As the direct road from the Alumbagh to the Residency was through the heart of the city of Lucknow,† wherein every street was a fortification, the houses being loopholed and filled with desperate men, Sir Colin determined to make a detour to the right, and after forcing his way through the Dilkoosha park and the Martinière, to cross the canal to the east of Lucknow, and then arrive at the Residency by a circuitous route round the north-east corner of the city.

* Although this work is devoted to the deeds of the British Army, it is impossible to pass over the aid afforded to the military operations at Cawnpore and the vicinity, by the Naval Brigade, under their gallant leader, the late Captain (afterwards Sir William) Peel. Along with a small military force of about seven hundred men under Captain Powell, they were engaged on the 1st of November at Kadjwa, twenty-four miles from Futtehpore, and succeeded in routing with severe loss, the mutineers, amounting to four thousand men. On the loss of Captain Powell, who was killed in this encounter, the command fell upon Captain Peel. The duties were very arduous; after this battle, with the exception of a day's rest for the foot-sore men who had marched seventy-two miles in three days, besides gaining the above victory, daily marches had to be made in order to join the column before Lucknow.

† Mr. Thomas Henry Kavanagh, Assistant Commissioner in Oude, when serving under the orders of Lieutenant-General Sir James Outram, in Lucknow, on the 8th. of November, 1857, volunteered on the dangerous duty of proceeding through the city to the camp of the Commander-inchief, for the purpose of guiding the relieving force to the beleaguered garrison in the Residency,-a task which he performed with chivalrous gallantry and devotion.

A highly interesting work has been written by this gentleman, showing how he won the VICTORIA CROSS, which was conferred upon him under the Royal Warrant of the 13th. of December, 1858; by which this high distinction was accorded to certain non-military persons, who, as Volun teers, had borne arms against the mutineers in India.

L

On the 15th. of November, as the troops approached the park, the leading men were met by a long line of musketry fire; the advanced guard was quickly reinforced by a field battery and companies of infantry, when after a running fight of nearly two hours, the rebels were driven across the garden and park at the Martinière, and far beyond the canal. Both the park and the latter building were at once occupied by the troops, when they sustained an attack in front, and promptly driving back the enemy, pursued them across the canal.

Early on the morning of the 16th. of November, the victorious troops proceeded to attack the Secunder Bagh, (garden or plantation) a high walled enclosure of strong masonry, one hundred and twenty yards square, and carefully loopholed all round. This post was numerously defended. Opposite to it, at a distance of one hundred yards, was a village which was likewise loopholed, and filled with men. As the head of the column advanced along the lane to the left of the Secunder Bagh, a fire was opened on it by the enemy, which was hotly maintained for an hour and a half on both sides. A small breach having been made, it was determined to storm the position, and this was effected by the remainder of the Highlanders and the 53rd. and 4th. Punjab Infantry, supported by a battalion of detachments under Major Barnston.*

After this brilliant commencement Captain Peel's Royal Naval Siege Train proceeded to the front, and advanced towards the Shah Nujjeef, together with the field battalion and some mortars, the village to the left having been cleared by Brigadier the Honourable Adrian Hope and LieutenantColonel Gordon. This position was resolutely defended against a heavy cannonade of three hours. It was then stormed in the boldest manner by the 93rd. Highlanders, under Brigadier

* "There never was a bolder feat of arms, and the loss inflicted on the enemy, after the entrance of the Secunder Bagh was effected was immense more than two thousand of the enemy were afterwards carried out. The officers who led the regiments were Lieutenant-Colonel L. Hay, H M.'s 93rd. Highlanders, Lieutenant-Colonel Gordon, H.M.'s 93rd Highlanders; Captain Walton. H.M.'s 53rd. Foot; Lieutenant Paul, 4th. Punjab Infantry, (since dead); and Major Barnston, H.M.'s 90th. Foot."— Sir Colin Campbell's despatch.

Hope, supported by a battalion of detachments under Major Barnston, who was wounded. Captain Peel gallantly led up his heavy guns within a few yards of the building, to batter the massive stone walls. This concluded the day's operations, and about three o'clock in the afternoon of the 17th. a building named the Mess-house, after being cannonaded by Captain Peel, was stormed by a company of the 90th. under Captain Wolseley, and a picket of the 53rd. under Captain Hopkins, supported by Major Barnston's battalion of detachments under Captain Guise of the 90th., with some of the Punjab Infantry under Lieutenant Powlett. The place was immediately carried, and the troops pushed forward with great vigour, and lined the wall separating the Messhouse from the Motee Mahal. Here a final stand was made, but after an hour's fighting, during which openings had been broken in the wall, the opposition was overcome, and the soldiers pouring through with a body of sappers, accomplished the communications with the Residency. Shortly afterwards Sir Colin had the gratification of greeting Sir James Outram and Sir Henry Havelock, who came out to meet him before the action was terminated.

While the final relief of the besieged garrison had been thus achieved by the indomitable gallantry of the army under Sir Colin Campbell, the garrison within the walls had not been inactive. The mines which had been driven under the outer wall of the garden in advance of the palace, already breached in several places by the enemy, and also under some buildings in its vicinity, were exploded as soon as it was ascertained that the Commander-in-Chief was assailing the Secunder Bagh; at the same time two powerful masked batteries poured shot and shell into the palace. When the advance sounded the effect was electrical; pent up for six weeks, and subjected to constant attacks, the soldiers felt that the hour of retribution had arrived. It was impossible to withstand them, and in a few minutes the whole of the buildings were in their possession, were armed with cannon, and steadily held against all attacks.

It was now Sir Colin Campbell's great object to effect the removal of the non-combatants from the Residency, in

cluding the sick

and wounded, without subjecting them to the enemy's fire. By a series of masterly arrangements, which may be regarded as a perfect example of such combinations, the desired object was attained. A fire was opened upon the Kaiserbagh on the 20th., and when the foe was led to believe that an immediate assault was contemplated, orders were issued for the garrison to withdraw through the line of pickets at midnight on the 22nd. Brigadier the Honourable Adrian Hope so ably carried out the dispositions to cover the movement, that the mutineers were completely deceived, and instead of following, they commenced firing on the old positions, many hours after they had been quitted by the British.

During all these operations from the 16th. of November, the remnant of Brigadier Greathed's brigade closed in the rear, and again formed the rear guard as the troops retired to Dilkoosha, which was reached by the whole force by four o'clock in the afternoon of the 23rd. of November. On the previous day that valued soldier whose name is so identified with Lucknow, the gallant Sir Henry Havelock, died of an attack of dysentery, to the universal regret of the army and of his country.

LUCKNOW.

2ND. TO 21ST. MARCH, 1858.

SIR COLIN CAMPBELL, leaving a portion of his army at the Alumbagh under Sir James Outram, commenced his march upon Cawnpore, on the 27th. of November, 1857, and arrived. at Bunnee that evening. On the following morning he received intelligence of the attack made upon Major-General Windham, who had been fiercely engaged with the Gwalior rebels. That officer on the 26th. attacked one of the enemy's divisions eight miles from Cawnpore, routed them, and captured all but one gun. Next morning, being reinforced, they returned to the assault, forced the British within their lines at Nuwabgunge, burning down the camp of three regiments. The Rifle Brigade under Colonel Walpole, supported by the 88th. under Lieutenant-Colonel Maxwell, which suffered very