prepared to see Mr. Tryan in the evening-church," she said to Mrs. Pettifer. "mother don't let me have any thing if I ask and mother both stay with me till Mr. Tryan for it." comes." At twenty minutes past six the church bells were ringing for the evening service, and soon the congregation were streaming along Orchard Street in the mellow sunset. The street opened toward the west. The red, In the mother's mind there was the same anxiety, and in her it was mingled with another fear-the fear lest Janet, in her present excited state of mind, should take some premature step in relation to her husband, which might lead back to all the former half-sunken sun shed a solemn splendor on troubles. The hint she had thrown out in the morning of her wish to return to him after a time, showed a new eagerness for difficult duties, that only made the long-saddened, sober mother tremble. the every day houses, and crimsoned the windows of Dempster's projecting upper story. Suddenly a loud murmur arose and spread along the stream of church-goers, and one group after another paused and looked back But as evening approached Janet's morn- ward. At the far end of the street, men, ing heroism all forsook her: her imagination accompanied by a miscellaneous group o. influenced by physical depression as well as on-lookers, are slowly carrying something-a by mental habits, was haunted by the vision body stretched on a door. Slowly they pass of her husband's return home, and she began along the middle of the street, lined all the to shudder with the yesterday's dread. She way with awe-struck faces, till they turn heard him calling her, she saw him going aside and pause in the red sunlight before to her mother's to look for her, she felt sure Dempster's door. he would find her out, and burst in upon her. "Pray, pray, don't leave me, don't go to It is Dempster's body. No one knows whether he is alive or dead. We desire to add our commendation to that o the Journal of Commerce. This book will be interesting to old readers as well as to the young. It gives a very lively picture of the present state of Herculaneum and Pompeii.-Living Age. CAUTION AS TO LOFTY BUILDINGS.-Towers, | aged to see more objects of interest than many spires, and obelisks of extravagantly great less observant persons would have seen in as height are occasionally erected in England, with many months, or perhaps years, and she conapparently an entire forgetfulness of the dan- veys her useful information to her less fortuger to which they are subjected by earthquakes. nate friends in a very pleasant manner. It is Tremors of the surface are happily rare with one of the most attractive little books for young us, insomuch that one or two generations some- people that has been recently published in this times pass without the experience of any such city. Journal of Commerce. phenomena; but it should be kept in mind that they have occurred, of such severity as to endanger lofty buildings, and therefore may occur again. I sometimes feel inclined to ask if it was wise to build the Victoria Tower of the new palace at Westminster to so great an elevation as three hundred feet, with a great archway passing through the base, for no longer ago than February 1750, there was a shock so much felt at that spot as to make the counsellors in the court of King's Bench, in Westmin- ole in the last number of the Journal of the ster Hall, believe that the building over their Statistical Society treats of this subject in a heads was about to fall. The shake of Novem- way that will be new to many. The principal ber 1755, moreover, agitated many lakes in our that of the highest class of professional men. ministers of state should enjoy incomes equal to island; and that of August 1816 twisted a A successful barrister, for instance, makes a steeple at Inverness, which long remained a striking monument of a power in nature which in our country we are but too apt to overlook and slight. Correspondent of Chambers' Journal. "MARY BROWN at Pompeii, in Italy," is the unpretending title of an exceedingly interesting little book, just published by Kiggins & Kellogg, of this city. During a week's visit to Naples and its neighborhood, the writer man PAY OF MINISTERS OF THE CROWN.-An arti large income by the time he arrives at middle life; the bench is then ready to receive the he may retire on a pension of £3500 or £5000 judge; and when the powers of the judge fail, a year. A cabinet minister, on the other hand -with the exception of the Lord Chancellorhas a most precarious income of from £2000 to £5000 a year, during his uncertain tenure of office, and then retires upon a pension ranging from £1000 to £2000 a year.-Chambers Journal. From The Economist 19 Sept. THE MIND OF THE MUTINY AND ITS PRESENT ATTITUDE. 40th regiments of Bengal Native Infantry. It appears that at last the intoxicating excitement of so general and long-continued an inTHE assured confidence with which all Eng-surrection overcame their habitual reverence lishmen look to the result of our present In-for their English masters, and rendered them In dian calamities only renders the suspense unable to keep steady in their duty. On the more painful and exciting in which we await 23rd July, they mutinied with the 12th Irrethe first fruits of our remedial measures. gular Cavalry at Dinapore (at the junction of the meantime we scan with intense eager- the Gogra and the Ganges), and were driven ness every new feature of this strange and out with much loss by Her Majesty's 10th terrible revolt, to see if we can decipher the Foot. Till the eleventh hour they were faithsudden meaning it bears, and reach the real ful, then being able to resist the stream of exstate of intellect and feeling in the native citement no longer, they abandoned themselves army of Bengal from which it has proceeded. to its current. They were not alone in this sinThe chequered news of the last mail throws gular and Oriental line of conduct. The 14th many gleams of light upon the state of mind Bengal Infantry resisted the order to disarm of the mutineers. We will briefly recount at Jhelum, and has been cut to pieces by a it, and draw attention to the features which detachment of Europeans. All up the course strike us as giving the most vivid insight into of the Lower Ganges, the smouldering exthe character with which we have to deal. citement breaks out in wavering irregular The worst, though scarcely the most instruc-flames. A plot to murder the Europeans at tive and remarkable details of the present Jessore and Benares had been discovered at mail are from the Lower Ganges, from the Midnapore in the Presidency, and foiled. neighborhood of Dinapore, and the province Moorshedabad and Patna, both Mahometan of Behar. The last date here is the 10th of cities, are anxiously watched as the MahomeAugust. The Supreme Government of Cal-tan festival of the Mohurrum approaches. cutta had at last wisely adopted the measure Fortunately, our rapidly arriving troops must of disarming the Governor-General's body have restored tranquility here before this guard. As the Chinese troops (accompanied time: but in the meantime the mutiny at we hear, by Lord Elgin himself) were arriv- Dinapore had unfortunately disturbed the ing in the Ganges, it was, we suppose, no rear of General Havelock's victorious force, longer in any way needful to trust any sec- and rendered it much less likely that he could tion of the untrustworthy Bengal army. And receive immediate reinforcements. Benares as the wavering fire of insurrection, after ap- was in danger from the mutineers. A depearing for a time half-subdued in the neigh-tachment of our 10th Foot had been foiled borhood of the Presidency, was beginning to in a night attack on Arrah, near Dinapore, break out again, it was a measure of common where the mutineers had taken refuge, and precaution to cut off the danger of contagion lost 200 men, two-thirds of their number. in the capital. Whatever may be thought of Martial law was proclaimed in Behar, and, we Lord Canning's prudence in so long trusting are happy to say, Sir James Outram appointed his guard, no one can dispute the presence of to the command there. Great fears must be mind and gallantry he has shown, and it is a entertained for the large indigo and opium relief to feel he is now under the protection manufactories of that province-the "Garden of European troops alone. The fresh dis- of India," as it is called; for if the mutineers turbances in the Presidency and its neighbor- spread over it, the loss of property will be hood are a very characteristic feature of this enormous. The main feature of these fresh great revolt. The original excitement first disturbances, as concerns the character of the began in Calcutta. It was allayed and sup- mutiny, is the flickering resolve, the longpressed by the energy of the Government. wavering mind of the mutineers, who, neverThen it just smouldered, overawed by the in-theless, when once in revolt, show that they fluence of European energy, and the terror abandon themselves utterly and frantically to of European arms. Some regiments of native troops were even conspicuously faithful. The Mahometan city of Patna had been kept in check by the fidelity of the 7th, 8th, and the cruel motives, without any evidence of the heat, of passion. We see here the features of the mutiny in its first stage: as we advance up the river we shall see it in its more terrible developments, when all attempt at show that a trifling reinforcement, sufficient self-government or obedience is drowned in only to replace the victims of disease in his the tumultuous rush of the old Hindoo craft small force, would enable this resolute comand ferocity to the surface of their life. We mander to relieve Lucknow, which is within must not forget that there is not an Anglo- 50 miles of Cawnpore. And we cannot Indian now in this country who has not till doubt that forces sufficient for this purpose now regarded these Bengal Sepoys as a mild were even then on their route up the river, and almost refined class of men,-in short, and available for this purpose, unless the disas "nature's gentlemen." Yet the grain of turbances in Bahar should have detained the real character, subdued, not by voluntary them. self-discipline, but by involuntary respect for English rule, comes out broadly and strongly so soon as the shadow of that rule is removed. Like a long-bent spring suffered to recoil, it springs with accumulated violence against the hand that has so long kept it un-so striking a contrast between the Oriental der. Involuntary awe and submission are ever transient in their influence, and liable to strong reaction. Only free and voluntary selfdiscipline goes to the very roots of character-and this course we could not give to the Hindoo. The insight given into the character of the mutineers by the fuller news from this portion of the revolted districts is painful enough. We see the great predominance of ferocious motives over ferocious instincts which make and the European. English soldiers have shown themselves ferocious and passionate and licentious enough, when they have had their unbridled way, as in the storming of many a town. But theirs is the ferocity of a savage beast. The Sepoy seems to give a Let us pass on to the next stage of the complete loose to his ferocious wishes without great disaster, which we see in Oude and the being impelled to passionate or fiery action. North-West. Thence our accounts are almost Their caution and calmness remain. Nena completely cheering, if anything can be called Sahib gives food for two days to the garrison cheering in any way associated with tragedy of Cawnpore; he offers them boats for their so horrible and black. Under General Have- escape; in the meantime he is erecting lock, the 78th Highlanders have renewed the masked batteries on the shore for the express glory they won at Assaye when commanded purpose of destroying the fugitives comfortaby a still greater general. Between the 8th bly without risk of a last conflict, as soon as and the 30th of July, with at most 1,300 they are embarked on the Ganges. He sends men, this intrepid commander, ably aided by boatmen of his own with them; at a given General Neill with his few Madras Fusileers, signal the boatmen jump out and swim to the has marched a direct distance of considerably shore, and the masked batteries open on the more than 150 miles, three times defeated defenceless English. What cool and rational overwhelming forces of the mutineers, 13,000 cruelty is this! It is not brutality, it is not in number, and re-occupied Cawnpore, too the action of the Bengal tiger: it is an intellate to prevent the horrors of the recent mas- lectualized and timid tiger with tiger-motive sacre; he had left that city to march on and human plan. The cruelty to the ladies, Bithoor, which he found abandoned, had a too, seems to have been of the same horrible fourth time defeated a powerful body of the kind; not lust, but an intellectual desire to enemy, and was in full march on Lucknow revenge the sense of a race's long subordinawhen cholera broke out amongst his men, tion. What a fearful and vivid picture those and compelled a retreat to Cawnpore to leave words call up in which one of the victorious the sick and to await reinforcements. We do force describe the room that was the scene of not greatly fear that this delay will endanger the massacre :-"Long tresses of hairLucknow. A Ghoorka force was expected dresses covered with blood-here and there to relieve the city; and within a very few a work-box or a bonnet." These traces of days reinforcement, in spite of the Dinapore everyday domestic life give a terrible pathos mutinies, would, probably reach General to the tragic reality. Havelock from the Presidency, and enable Passing on to the news from Delhi, we him to proceed. It was on or about the 30th have again to record accounts on the whole of July, apparently, that he was obliged to cheering. At Agra there had been success. return to Cawnpore. All his movements The Kotah contingent and other rebels had them, we trust, the fortune of their former great commander. Some alarm in neighboring districts had been felt, but seemed to subside with the presence of a strong European force. Lord Elphinstone's presence of mind and large sagacity was more than equal to the emergency. Mahometan plotters, whose letters were fortunately intercepted, had been arrested. And confidence was completely restored in Bombay. been entirely dispersed. Brigadier-General | mutiny is that it is an outbreak at an entirely Nicholson, after completely and finally rout-new point. Kolapore is far South of Poonah, ing the Sealkote mutineers was marching to and not in any proximity to the districts relieve the force before Delhi. General Reid, hitherto disturbed. The irritating cause apincapacitated by illness, had given place to pears to have been, as usual, Mahometan. Brigadier Wilson in command of the besieging Fortunately, European forces were arriving army-a man, we understand, in every way from the Mauritius. The immortal 33rd and equal to his task,-cool, keen, and courage- a company of the Royal Artillery had arous. Reinforcements from the Punjab,- rived in Bombay, and they would bring with thanks to Major Edwardes' wisdom and influence -were pouring in. The sallies of the mutineers had been uniformly repelled with heavy loss. We have a glimpse too of life within the walls of Delhi, which is very graphic and impressive. The Sepoys plundered and oppressed the city. The Sepoys who had appropriated the first booty were constantly quarrelling with the poorer Sepoys who had joined them since. The former did not like to fight lest they should lose their The dopatta, or cake mystery, to which we wealth; and were bitterly reproached on this have referred above, represents most strikaccount by the latter. The puppet King had ingly the utter ignorance of native thoughts little power. The Princes had none; but and purposes in which the Europeans may while professedly in command of the troops, live in the midst of their Indian subjects. were ridiculed by the Sepoys for their cow- From first to last we have obtained scarcely ardice and ignorance of military rules. But any information from native sources as to the strangest glimpse of the Asiatic tempera- their aims, motives, or plans. Yet the char ment of the mutineers is contained in the acter of the mutiny is not so obscure. Hesiwords: "The King send sweetmeats for the tating, guided at first by calculations of result, forces on the field, and the guard at the door afterwards by the mere infection of restless of the city plunder it like the property of an excitement, the ambition of regiment after enemy." Nothing could throw a more strik- regiment has been fanned into flame. This ing light on the childish pleasure-loving, law-course once taken, they have felt all return less nature of men who are fighting in a hopeless; and yet the same timid and cautious hopeless conflict for so fearful a stake. It conduct has been combined with the most reads like a passage in the Arabian Nights. From Bombay the news is less remarkable and perhaps more gloomy. A single regiment, the 27th Native Infantry, has mutinied at Kolapore. Something of the kind was anticipated in England. By the last mail it had been heard that the curious "cake" (dopatta) mystery had appeared there. Our readers know that before the revolt at Meerut mysterious cakes had been widely distributed in many villages of the neighboring districts, which had attracted the attention of Europeans, without however leading to any explanation. The difficulty felt was that the cakes were chiefly distributed where no mutiny eventually broke out. Still the thing was noted, and when the same phenomenon happened in the Presidency of Bombay, anticipations were formed of some spread of the revolt. The worst feature in the Kolapore We unbridled license given to motives of revenge; From The Economist Sept. 19. WHAT IS CERTAIN AND WHAT IS DOUBT FUL IN INDIAN AFFAIRS. A CONSIDERABLE time must elapse before we shall be in a position to assign with confidence, or to enumerate with any approach to completeness, all the causes which have combined to produce the Indian outbreak, and to give to it its peculiar features of treachery | no doubt that is a blessing. And though its and atrocity. That these causes have been superiority to the systems which preceded it many and various it is impossible to doubt: may not be felt and recognized as widely or as -several of them may be still undiscovered; keenly as could be wished, there can be no in our actual state of ignorance we may as-question that it is felt and recognized by all the sign too much influence to some and too lit- industrious and well-disposed throughout the tle influence to others;-and peace must length and breadth of British India. Prophave been long restored and passions must erty is secure; rights are respected, life is prohave been quenched in the satiety of ven-tected, justice is done, to a degree which geance, or must have had time to subside by never was approached under any native Prince natural exhaustion, before knowledge will or foreign Conqueror before. Again: The bear fruit in wisdom, and a thorough insight army-the revolting soldiery that is-had into past misconduct or mistakes shall enable literally not the shadow of a grievance to alus to inaugurate a sounder and more success-lege against us. Their pay was liberal; ful policy for the future. But there are a their pensions ample and secure; their discifew points which are already clear to our pline mild even to laxity; the toils and efown minds, and which two or three state- forts exacted from them moderate in the exments and suggestions will, we think, enable treme. Their prejudices were respected to us to make clear to our readers also. the very verge-and sometimes even beyond the verge of prudence, and often at great inconvenience to ourselves, and at considerable mischief to the service. Their follies and childish discontents were borne with, humored, and soothed away; and, what was worse, their derelictions of duty and indications of mutinous temper were passed over and hushed up, to an extent of which we are now reaping the lamentable but natural fruits. The Sepoys found us so indulgent, that they concluded we must be either soft or timid. They found us so enduring and so forgiving, that they fancied we should endure and forgive any thing. Neither the people nor the army, then, had any practical grievance to revolt against, or any individual or national wrongs to avenge. None have been alleged, and the incidents of the rebellion point to none. In the first place, then, this is neither the revolt of a people nor the mutiny of an army against personal wrongs or intolerable oppressions, Towards both we may have acted incautiously and injudiciously; towards both we may have come short of the full measure of our duty; towards both we may have sins of omission to repair; in the eyes of both we may have the ineradicable vices of a foreign origin, a forcible conquest, and an incomprehensible and repulsive faith. But this is the full extent to which the most self-accusing candor will allow us to go without transgressing notorious and undisputed truth. To the peopleby which term we mean the masses of peasants, traders, and civilians,-all in fact except the nobles, the princes, and the soldiers we have uniformly and universally for a long series of years acted with a justice and a consideration to which they had hitherto been It was otherwise with the Native Princes strangers. It is possible, indeed, that the and nobility-with the Mahometan rulers very systematic and penetrating regularity and the Hindoo gentry-with the ministers of our rule may in some quarters have been and political intriguers throughout Hindosfelt as a grievance. It is possible that some tan. The Mahometan conquerors we had may be senseless enough to prefer the chances superseded-the native Sovereigns we had of ruinous extortion to the certainty of mod-reduced to insignificance or had absorbed-the erate but unescapable taxation. It is even probable that in districts which have been long under our steady but equitable administration, the horrors of the past from which we rescued the cultivators of the soil may be forgotten, and the felt pressure of the Present, mild and impartial as in comparison it is, may be alone remembered. But though our rule may not be to the Hindoos the blessing which it might have been, there can be Hindoo nobles and wealthy patricians who as ministers and warriors used to lead armies and govern States, to wield power and to gorge themselves with plunder-all these we had shorn of their grandeur and deprived of their career. The Indian gentlemen of rank and station who used to command regiments in our service, or in that of our enemies or our allies, found their occupation gone. We no longer allowed them to rise to high com |