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NOTES AND QUERIES may be procured, by order, of all Booksellers and Newsvenders. It is published at noon on Friday, so that our country Subscribers ought not to experience any difficulty in procuring it regularly. Many of the country Booksellers, &c., are, probably, not yet aware of this arrangement, which will enable them to receive NOTES AND QUERIES in their Saturday parcels.

Errata. - Page 380. col. 1. lines 12. and 13. for "Prichard read "Richards;" p. 389., in the Query on the "Blake Family," for "Bishop's Hall" read" Bishop's Hull;" p. 390. col. 2. 1. 29., for " "fragments read " payments;" and 1.30., for "South Green" read "South Lynn;" p. 393. col. 2. 1. 11., for "Turners" read" Tanners."

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Price 48. 6d., cloth, a new and enlarged Edition of OMNOLISM and PSYCHEISM; or, the Science of the Soul, and the Phenomena of Nervation, as revealed by Mesmerism, considered Physiologically and Philosophically; including Notes of Mesmeric and Psychical Experience, By JOSEPH WILCOX HADDOCK, M.D. Second and enlarged Edition, illustrated by Engravings of the Brain and Nervous System.

*** This Edition contains much new matter of considerable interest, relative to Clairvoyance, together with Experiments in Chemistry in connection with the Researches of Baron Von Reichenbach. HODSON, 22. Portugal Street, Lincoln's Inn; and all other Booksellers.

TOPOGRAPHY.J. WHELDON's New Catalogue

of Books for Sale on English and Welsh Topography, Local History, &c., is just published, and may be had Gratis on Application, or will be sent by Post on the receipt of a Stamp.

London: JOHN WHELDON, 4. Paternoster Row.

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MAUNDER'S SCIENTIFIC and LITERARY TREASURY: A portable Encyclopædia of the Belles-Lettres. Fep. 8vo. 10s, bound, 128.

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THE REV. C. MOODY'S EDITION OF THE NEW TESTAMENT, with complete Marginal Harmony. Part II. completing the Work. 4to. 138.

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MARIE-MADELEINE: a Tale, translated from the French, by LADY MARY Fox. With Illustrations engraved on Wood. 8vo. 108. 6d.

VIII.

SMEE'S PROCESS OF THOUGHT ADAPTED TO WORDS AND LANGUAGE. Describing the Relational and Differential Machines. 8vo. 78.

IX.

LOGIC FOR THE MILLION: a familiar Exposition of the Art of Reasoning. By a Fellow of the Royal Society. 12mo. 68.

x.

A TREATISE OF EQUIVOCATION. Edited, from an Original MS., by DAVID JARDINE, Esq., Barrister-at-Law. Fcp. 8vo. 5s.

XI.

THE THEORY OF REASONING. By SAMUEL

BAILEY. 8vo. 7s. 6d.

XII,

ROWTON'S DEBATER: A Series of Debates, Outlines of Debates, and Questions for Discussion. Second Edition (1851). Fcp. 8vo. 68,

XIII.

MAUNDER'S TREASURY of KNOWLEDGE and LIBRARY of REFERENCE: A Compendium of General Knowledge. Fcp. 8vo. 108.; bound, 12s.

XIV.

THE JUDGES OF ENGLAND; with Sketches of their Lives, &c. By EDWARD Foss, F.S.A., of the Inner Temple. Vols. III. and IV. 8vo. [Early in June. XV. MAUNDER'S BIOGRAPHICAL TREASURY. New Edition, corrected and extended to the Year 1851. Fcp. 8vo., 108. ; bound, 128.

XVI.

LIFE OF EDWARD BAINES, late M.P. for Leeds. By his Son, With Portrait engraved in line by W. Greatbach. 8vo. 98.

XVII.

MOORE'S IRISH MELODIES. Illustrated with 161 Plates by D. MACLISE, R.A. Imperial 8vo., 638. ; morocco, 47. 148. G.; Proofs, 61. 68.

XVIII,

THOMSON'S SEASONS. Edited by BOLTON CORNEY, and illustrated by the Etching Club. Square crown 8vo., 218.; morocco, 368.

XIX.

LORD HOLLAND'S FOREIGN REMINISCENCES. Second Edition (1851), with Fac-simile of Autograph of Napoleon. Post 8vo., 108. 6d.

xx.

MAUNDER'S TREASURY OF HISTORY. Comprising a separate History of Every Nation. Fcp. 8vo., 108. ; bound, 128.

London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, and LONGMANS.

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Beautifully printed in svo., price 78. 6d. ; or postage free, 88. 6d.; illustrated by Eighty splendid Pictures, engraved by GEORGE MEASOM. DEDICATED TO HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS PRINCE ALBERT.

ILBERT'S DESCRIPTION of the CRYSTAL PALACE: its Architectural History and Constructive Marvels. By PETER BERLYN and CHARLES FOWLER, Jun., Esqs. The Engravings depict the various peculiarities and novelties of this wonderful Building, a well as the Machinery, &c., used in its construction. The combined ambition of the Proprietor, Authors, and Artists, has been to produce s Book worthy of being purchased by every Visitor to the Exhibition as an attractive and interesting memento.

"The authors exhibit, by means of a series of very clever engravings, its gradual progress to a complete state."-The Examiner.

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London: JAMES GILBERT, 49. Paternoster Row. Orders received by all
Booksellers, &c.

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Price 28 6d,; by Post 3s.

TLLUSTRATIONS AND ENQUIRIES RELAT-
ING TO MESMERISM. Part I. By the Rev. S. R. MAITLAND
DD. F.R.S. F.S.A. Sometime Librarian to the late Archbishop of
Canterbury, and Keeper of the MSS. at Lambeth.

"One of the most valuable and interesting pamphlets we ever read."Morning Herald.

"This publication, which promises to be the commencement of a larger work, will well repay serious perusal."-Ir. Eccl. Journ.

"A small pamphlet in which he throws a startling light on the praetices of modern Mesmerism."-Nottingham Journal.

"Dr. Maitland, we consider, has here brought Mesmerism to the 'touchstone of truth,' to the test of the standard of right or wrong. We thank him for this first instalment of his inquiry, and hope that he will not long delay the remaining portions."-London Medical Gazette. "The Enquiries are extremely curious, we should indeed say important. That relating to the Witch of Fndor is one of the most successful we ever read. We cannot enter into particulars in this brief notice; but we would strongly recommend the pamphlet even to those who care nothing about Mesmerism, or angry (for it has come to this at last) with the subject."- Dublin Evening Post.

"We recommend its general perusal as being really an endeavour, by one whose position gives him the best facilitics, to ascertain the genuine character of Mesmerism, which is so much disputed."- Woolmer's Ereter Gazette.

"Dr. Maitland has bestowed a vast deal of attention on the subject for many years past, and the present pamphlet is in part the result of his thoughts and inquiries. There is a good deal in it which we should have been glad to quote... but we content ourselves with referring our readers to the pamphlet itself."- Brit. Mag.

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Books relating to America, Voyages, Maps, Charts, &c.
Auctioneers

of Literary Property, will SELL by AUCTION, at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on WEDNESDAY, June 4, and following Day, s curious and valuable Library, including a collection of interesting and rare works relating to America and its territories, their history, natural history, progress, language, and literature; also relating to Mexico, the East and West Indies, &c.; several very curious Voyages, Travels, and Itineraries, including some pieces of the utmost rarity: a few curious works or the Indian Languages; and a very extensive and highly valuable collection of Maps and Charts in the finest condition. Catalogues will be sent on application.

PUTTICK AND SIMPSON

Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride in the City of London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publishier, at No. 186 Fleet Street aforesaid.

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Saturday, May 24. 1851.

A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION

FOR

LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.

No. 83.]

"When found, make a note of."- CAPTAIN CUTTLE.

CONTENTS.

SATURDAY, MAY 31. 1851.

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Pilgrims' Road to Canterbury

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Replies to Minor Queries: Shakspeare's Use of" Captious"-Inscription on a Clock-Authors of the AntiJacobin Poetry-" Felix, quem faciunt." &c.-Church Bells Chiming. Tolling, and Pealing-Extraordinary North Briton-Fitzpatrick's Lines on Fox - Ejusdem Farinæ The Sempecta-"Nulli fraus tuta latebris" -Voltaire, where situated - By the Bye Bigod de Loges Knebsend- Mrs. Catherine Barton - Peter Sterry Wife of James Torre Ramasse - Four Want Way-Dr. Owen's Works-Bactrian CoinsBaldrocks Tu Autem - Commoner marrying a Peeress Ancient Wood Engraving -- Vegetating Insects Prayer at the Healing M. or N., &c. MISCELLANEOUS : —

Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c.
Books and Odd Volumes wanted
Notices to Correspondents
Advertisements

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The first, by Sir Thomas Phillipps, besides some valuable information upon the matter immediately under consideration, contains several very useful suggestions upon other, though kindred points,

In approving of the design mentioned in your "NOTES" by MR. DUNKIN, it has surprised ine 422 that in no one of the communications which you have there printed is any allusion to the multitude of inscriptions already collected, and now preserved in the British Museum and other libraries A list of what are already copied should first be made, which would considerably abridge the labour of collecting. For instance, the whole of Gloucestershire has been preserved by Bigland, and nearly two-thirds of these have been printed. I should recommend his plan to be adopted, being multum in parvo, as to the headstones in the churchyards, and the clearest for reference by its alphabetical order of parishes. He 42 copied them about 1780; so that now seventy His collection would years remain to be obtained. make two, or at most three, volumes folio, by which we can form an approximate idea as to the extent for the kingdom, which I estimate at one hundred volumes for the forty counties, because some of these are very small, and many monuments have been destroyed by the barbarous Gothlike conduct of church renovators and builders. (A propos of which conduct, I believe they are liable to an action at law from the next of kin at all events, it is sacrilege.) In many county histories, all the monuments inside the churches, up to nearly the 438 date of the publication, have been printed, as in 439 Nichols's Leicestershire. I have myself printed the greater part of those for Wiltshire; but some are incorrectly printed, not having been collated; for I merely printed a few as handbooks to accompany me in my personal correcting survey of each church at another time. I have also printed as far as letter "E" of Antony à Wood's and Hinton's Oxfordshire Monuments, of which, I believe, MR. DUNKIN has a MS. copy. Now, it would be useless to reprint those which have been printed; consequently I should imagine twenty-five or thirty volumes, on Bigland's plan, would comprise all the villages; and I should imagine five or ten volumes

430

438

439

ON THE PROPOSED RECORD OF EXISTING MONUMENTS.

Although disappointed in the hope we had entertained of being, by this time, in a position to announce that some decided steps had been taken to carry out, in a practical manner, the great scheme of preserving a record of our existing Monuments, we are gratified at being enabled to bring under the notice of our readers several communications which show the still increasing interest which is felt upon the subject.

VOL. III.-No. 83.

at most would comprise all the capital towns. Allow me here to suggest the absolute necessity of taking "Notes" of the residence, parentage, and kindred of every one of the families of that vast tide of emigration now quitting our shores; and I call Lord Ashley's and Mr. Sidney Herbert's attention to it. These poor people will, many of them, become rich in half a century; will then probably die without a kindred soul in America to possess their wealth; and their next of kin must be sought for in the mother land, where, unless some registered memorial of their departure and connexions is kept, all traces of their origin may be lost for ever. It was the neglect of an act like this which has involved the beginning of nations in such profound obscurity. It was the neglect of such a register as I here propose, that makes it so difficult now for the American to discover the link which actually connected him with England. There is a corporate body, long established in this country, whose sole occupation is to make such registers; but at present they confine themselves to those called gentlemen. Why not make them useful as registers of the poor, at a small remuneration for entering each family. These poor, or their descendants, will some day become gentlemen, and perhaps not ashamed of their ancestry, although they may derive it through poverty. How gratified they may feel to be able, by means of this proposed registry, clearly to trace themselves to Great Britain (once the mistress of half the world), when their now adopted country has risen up in her place, and the mother has become subject to the daughter.

And then, too, how valuable will Americans and Canadians, Australians and New Zealanders, find the proposed Monumentarium of MR. DUNKIN.

Middle Hill, April, 1851.

THOS. PHILLIPPS.

The next is from a frequent contributor to our pages, and we have selected it for publication from among many which we have received promising assistance in the carrying out of the great scheme, because it shows very strikingly how many of the memorials, which it is the especial object of that scheme to preserve, have disappeared within the last few years.

Your valuable remarks on this head have induced me to send you a few observations in the same direction. You have justly said that the means by which the object can be accomplished fall into the three distinct operations of Collection, Preservation, and Publication. The first will require the help of all antiquaries throughout the kingdom who will volunteer their services, and of the clergymen resident in country parishes. Where possible, it would be well to find a co-operator in every county town, who would undertake the collection of all ancient memorials in his own district, either by personal inspection, or by the aid of the

clergy. For this county we have, fortunately, a record of all or most of the monuments existing in the time of James I., published in Burton's History. Besides the monuments, there are also mentioned the coats of arms preserved in the churches. In the useful and voluminous work of Nichols, the record is brought down nearly to the commencement of the present century. But in late years, many ancient memorials have been removed altogether, or displaced. A day or two ago, I found only one monument in a village church, where Burton says there were two in his time. The chancel of St. Martin's Church, Leicester, a few years ago, contained a large number, of which many have been placed elsewhere, in order to "improve" the appearance of this part of the edifice. I believe a list of the monuments is preserved somewhere. This kind of proceeding has been carried on very generally throughout the country since the desire for "church restoration" has prevailed, and has led to great alterations in the interiors of our old parish churches. I should be happy to lend a helping hand in the collections for Leicester and the neighbourhood. JAYTEE.

From our next communication, it will be seen that the Scottish Antiquaries, whose zeal and intelligence in the preservation and illustration of objects of national interest, are beyond all praise, are working in the same direction; and although we have not seen the Origines Parochiales, we can readily believe in the great value of a work of such a character when undertaken by the Bannatyne Club.

It may interest some of your "Monumental" and "Ecclesiological" correspondents to be informed that in 1834 there was collected and published by D. Macvean, bookseller, Glasgow, a volume of Epitaphs and Monumental Inscriptions in Scotland. Also, that there has just been published by Lizars, Edinburgh, for the Bannatyne Club, the first volume of the Origines Parochiales Scotia.

The former of these books (Epitaphs, &c.) is perhaps of no great value, being badly selected and worse arranged; but the latter (Origines, &c.) seems to be exactly such a work as W. J. D. R. (Vol. iii., p. 314.) has in his mind's eye for England. Y.

A correspondent, MERCURII, has also directed our attention to a small volume, published in 1848, by one of the most valued contributors to our own columns,

MR. DAWSON TURNER, under the title of Sepulchral Reminiscences of a Market Town, as afforded by a List of the Interments within the Walls of the Parish Church of St. Nicholas, Great Yarmouth, collected chiefly from Monuments and Gravestones still remaining, June, 1845. This little volume may be regarded as a public testi

mony on the part of MR. DAWSON TURNER to the value of the plan under consideration, and there are few antiquaries whose opinions are entitled to greater respect upon this or any other point to which he has devoted his talents and attention. Can we doubt, then, the success

"Therewith the mone's exaltacioun, In libra men alawai gan ascende,

As we were entrying at a towne's end:" -in such a case, what can be more probable than that some ignorant transcriber, never perhaps

of a plan which has met with such general approbation, dreaming of such a thing as the Arabic name of

and is undertaken with so praiseworthy an object,—an object which may well be described in the words which Weever used when stating the motive which led him to undertake the publication of his Funeral Monuments, viz., "To check the unsufferable injury, offered as well to the living as to the dead, by breaking down and almost utterly ruinating monuments with their epitaphs, and by erasing, tearing away, and pilfering brazen inscriptions, by which inhumane deformidable act, the honorable memory of many virtuous and noble persons deceased is extinguished, and the true understanding of divers families is so darkened, that the course of their inheritance is thereby partly interrupted."

Notes.

ILLUSTRATIONS OF CHAUCER, NO. VIII.
The Star Min Al Auwâ.

"Adam Scrivener, if ever it thee befall
Boece, or Troilus, for to write newe,

Under thy long locks thou mayst have the scull
But, after my making, thou write more trew;
So oft a day I mote thy worke renew,
It to correct, and eke to rubbe and scrape,
And all thorow thy negligence and rape."

Chaucer to his own Scrivener.

If, during his own lifetime, and under his own eye, poor Chaucer was so sinned against as to provoke this humorous malediction upon the head of the delinquent, it cannot be a matter of surprise that, in the various hands his text has since passed through, many expressions should have been perverted, and certain passages wholly misunderstood. And when we find men, of excellent judgment in other respects, proposing, as Tyrwhitt did, to alter Chaucer's words to suit their own imperfect comprehension of his meaning, it is only reasonable to suspect that similar mistakes may have induced early transcribers to alter the text, wherever, to their wisdom, it may have seemed expedient.

Now I know of no passage more likely to have been tampered with in this way, than those lines of the prologue to the Persone's Tale, alluded to at the close of my last communication. Because, supposing (which I shall afterwards endeavour to prove) that Chaucer really meant to write something to this effect: "Thereupon, as we were entering a town, the moon's rising, with Min al auwâ in Libra, began to ascend (or to become visible)," and supposing that his mode of expressing this had been,

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a star, would endeavour to make sense of these, to him, obscure words, by converting them into English. The process of transition would be easy; "min" 66 or men requires little violence to be"mene (the modern "mean" with its many significations), and "al auwâ" (or "alwai," as Chaucer would probably write it) is equally iden might then follow as a seeming necessity; and tical with "alway." The misplacement of "Libra thus the line would assume its present form, leaving the reader to understand it, either with Urry, as,

"I mene Libra, that is, I refer to Libra ;" or with Tyrwhitt :

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"In mene Libra, that is, In the middle of Libra." Now, to Urry's reading, it may be objected that it makes the thing ascending to be Libra, and does not of necessity imply the moon's appearance above the horizon. But since the rising of the moon is a visible phenomenon, while that of Libra is theoretical, it must have been to the former Chaucer was alluding, as to something witnessed by the whole party as they

"Were entrying at a towne's end;"

or otherwise this latter observation would have no meaning.

The objection to Tyrwhitt's reading is of a more technical nature the moon, if in the middle of Libra, could not be above the horizon, in the neighbourhood of Canterbury, at four o'clock P. M., in the month of April. Tyrwhitt, it is true, would probably smooth away the difficulty by charging it as another inconsistency against his author; but I-and I hope by this time such readers of "NOTES AND QUERIES" as are interested in the subject have seen too many proofs of Chaucer's competency in matters of science, and of his commentator's incompetency, to feel disposed to concede to the latter such a convenient inethod of interpretation.

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66

But there is a third objection common to both readings-that they do not satisfactorily account for the word "alway;" for although Tyrwhitt endeavours to explain it by continually, continually ascending," such a phrase is by no means intelligible when applied to a single observation.

was

For myself, I can say that this word "alway" was, from the first, the great difficulty with me and the more I became convinced of the studied meaning with which Chaucer chose his other expressions, the less satisfied I was with this; and

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