the Mausoleum; on the summit of the hill stood the Temple of Mars, which contained the colossal statue sculptured by Leochares: on the right were the temples of Venus and Mercury, near the Fountain of Salmasius. The palace on the right commanded a view of the Forum and the harbor, as well as the whole circuit of the walls. The remains of walls and square towers are yet visible for a distance of six miles from the western extremity of the port; and on the highest point of the eminence are some remains of columns and capitals of the Doric order, of gray marble, the site indicated by Vitruvius as that of the Temple of Mars. A modern castle, at the eastern extremity of the port, has been constructed of materials of the ancient structures. The Mausoleum appears to have been nearly square in its plan, measuring one hundred and thirteen feet on its sides, and ninety-three feet on its ends. Pithis and Satyrus were joint architects of the building. It was decorated with a peristyle of thirty-six columns of the Doric order, which are said to have been sixty feet high; above this the building was carried up in pyramidal form, in three terraces. Between the columns were statues of Parian marble, the execution of which was committed to four different artists. Scopas of Ephesus (whose statue of Venus was one of the most renowned with which Rome was adorned; and there is in the British Museum a statue supposed to be the identical one of Venus) had the east side; Timotheus the south; Leochares the west; and Bruxis the north. At each angle of the basement was a projecting portico, on the top of which was a colossal |