sent Columbus a prisoner to Europe, after which never followed his profession. Having formed he was recalled. connexions. in England, he came to London, BOVERICK, an ingenious English clock-and through the introduction of Mr. Richard maker of the 17th century Burke, became acquainted with the most celeBOVERIUS, Zacharius, a Capuchin and brated literary characters. In 1772, he married author of a Latin dictionary, died at Genoa, in 1638.

BOVETTE DE BLEMUR, Jaquelino, early embraced a religious life, and wrote theological works. He died at Chatillon, in 1696.

a lady of considerable fortune; but his habit of extravagance continuing, obliged him to accompany lord Macartney to India, in the capacity of a second secretary; though he afterwards obtained a more lucrative appointment, which BOVEY, Catharine, married at the early age he retained till his decease, in 1794. He was of 15, to a gentleman of opulence. To great author of several political writings; and the cepersonal charms, she united a benevolent cha-lebrated Letters of Junius have been with much racter, and died in 1726. confidence ascribed to him; but the evidence

BOWER, Archibald, a learned Jesuit, born adduced, is by no means conclusive. In 1793, near Dundee, in Scotland, in 1686, and died Sept. he published "The Indian observer," a periodi2, 1766. His principal work, was "A Historycal paper, which was the first attempt of the of the Popes," in 7 vols. 4to; concerning which, kind in India, and gained him great reputation. as well as his connexion with the Jesuits, he These essays were afterwards collected and stood accused of much imposture. He also printed at Calcutta, in 8vo, 1795, and reprinted contributed to the compilation of "The Univer-in London, 1798. sal History;" but, as is said, not much to the advantage of the work.

BOYD, Sir Robert, governor of Gibraltar, who from a private soldier, raised himself merely by merit to the highest rank in the military profession, died in May, 1794.

He

BOWLE, John, rector of Idminston, near Salisbury, born in 1725,had the honour to be one of the first detectors of Lauder's forgeries. He BOYD, Robert, lord, a Scotchman, son of Sir edited a Spanish edition of "Don Quixotte," Thomas Boyd, of Kilmarnock, was made a and also Marston's Satires, and other old Eng-peer by James II., and one of the regents. lish poetry, and died in 1788. See LAUDER. carried off the king, and declared himself solc BOWYER, William, a very learned English regent during his minority, and afterwards, on printer, born in White Friars, London, 1699,account of his misconduct, fled to Antwerp, died 1777. To his literary and professional abi-where he died 1474. lities, he added an excellent moral character, BOYD, William, a highly celebrated preachthe strictest probity, and the geatest liberality. er, settled at Lamington, died 1808. He was in habits of correspondence and in- BOYDELL, John, a very worthy alderman timacy with the greatest men of his time; and of London, and most distinguished encourager many minute particulars of him, that do not of the arts of painting and engraving, was born come within our plan, may be seen in the "Ancc-at Dorrington, in Shropshire, Jan. 19, 1719, and dotes of his Life," published by his partner and intended for a land surveyor, which was the successor, Mr. Nichols. To the journeymenprofession of his father; but chance having of his profession, he left by will, some valuable thrown in his way," Baddeley's Views of dif bequests for the reward of merit, and the com-ferent Country Seats," he determined on quitfort of old age: the trust for ever is vested in the Stationers' Company.

ting the pen for the graver; and, at above 20 years of age, put himself apprentice for seven BOWDOIN, James, L. L. D., governor of years to Mr. Toms, whom he served six years, Mass., a philosopher and statesman; he held and bought up the seventh. He then applied various distinguished offices in his native state closely till he had engraved 152 prints, which he till 1787, assisted in forming the American aca-published in a book at the price of five guineas. demy of arts and sciences, at Boston, of which With the profits of this, he set about encourahe was the first president: one of the founders, ging other professors of the art; he discovered and president of the Massachusetts bank. the talents of Woollet, and employed him to enBOWEN, Jabez, L. L. D., chancellor of grave the two famous pictures of "Niobe" and Brown University, judge of the supreme court," Phaeton." He soon commenced a great for and lieutenant governor of Rhode Island, died eign trade in English prints, and realized by his in 1815. spirit of industry and enterprise a considerable Having at length established what

BOWIE, Robert, an officer of the revolutiona-fortune. ry army, and for many years governor of Mary-might be called an English school of engraving, land, was highly esteemed for his integrity, libe- he conceived the noble idea of raising also an rality and patriotism; he died in 1814. English school of painting; and, selecting all BOXHORN, Marc Zuerius, a professor at the first artists in the kingdom, collected in the Leyden, and author of several works, died course of a few years, at vast expense, the paintin 1655. ings which formed the well-known "Shakspeare Gallery." The long duration of the French war, however, having almost wholly stopped his ex port trade, in which he had embarked large BOYD, Robert, a Scotchman, educated at sums of money, he was, in the spring of 1804, Saumur. James I. wished to appoint him prin-induced to crave permission of parliament to cipal of the university, but, as he favoured the dispose of the Shakspeare Gallery, &c. by lotte. puritans, he preferred to become the ministerry. He had the gratification of living to see of his native parish. He died in 1629.

BOYCE, Dr. William, an eminent musician and composer, chiefly of sacred pieces, born 1709, died 1779.

BOYD, Mark, Alexander, a warrior, lawyer, and Latin poet, born at Galloway, in Scotland, in 1562, died in 1601.

every ticket sold, but died before the decision of the wheel. The worthy alderman caught his death by a too eager attention to his official duties; for, arriving on the 8th of December, 1804, BOYD, Hugh, born in Ireland about 1746, was at the sessions house in the Old Bailey, before educated at Trinity College, Dublin, and bred the fires were lighted, and standing at a fireplace to the law; but being of a dissipated turn, he||while one was kindled, the damps were drawn

out from the floor; cold and inflammation of the BOYLSTON, Zabdiel, F. R. S., an eminent lungs ensued, and carried him off on the 12th of physician, of Boston, who is particularly known the same month, in the 86th year of his age. jas having first introduced inoculation of the BOYENVAL, Peter Joseph, a worthless cha-small pox into the British dominions, in 1720; racter, employed to denounce the victims in the he died in 1766. Luxembourg, at last suffered on the scaffold, | in 1795.

BOYLSTON, Nicholas, died in Boston, 1771, aged 56; he bequeathed to Harvard College

BOYER, Abel, a well-known glossographer, 15097. born at Castres, in France, 1664, died Nov. 1729. BOYLSTON, John, merchant, of Boston, The work he is chiefly known by, is a very ex-died in 1795, and left a legacy to his native cellent French and English, and English and town.

French Dictionary. He wrote also" a French BOYS, John, an English divine, educated at Grammar" in English, which still retains a high ||Cambridge, and dean of Canterbury, author of rank in our schools. theological works, died in 1625.

BOYER, Claude, known as a dramatic writer, died at Paris, 1698.

BOYS, William, born at Deal, in Kent, 1735, was bred a surgeon, but devoted much of hi BOYER, John Baptist Nicholas, a physician, time to antiquarian researches, and published, distinguished for his skill and humanity display-besides other works, an elaborate and valuable ed during the plague at Marseilles, in 1720; he History of Sandwich, with Notices of other died at Paris, 1758. Cinque Ports, and of Richborough," 4to, 1792. BOYLE, Richard, an eminent English states-He died March 15, 1803. man, distinguished by the title of the great earl BOYSE, BOYS, or BOIS, John, one of the of Cork, born in Canterbury, 1530, died 1643;translators of the Bible, in the reign of James I., having spent the last as he did the first years of his was born at Nettlestead, in Suffolk, in 1560, and life, in support of the crown of England against died 1643, leaving a great many manuscripts beIrish rebels, and in the service of his country. hind him, particularly a commentary on almost BOYLE, Roger, earl of Orrery, fifth son of all the books of the New-Testament. When he Richard, earl of Cork, born 1621, was created was a young student at Cambridge, he received baron Broghill, in the kingdom of Ireland, when from the learned Dr. Whitaker three rules for but seven years old. He died Oct., 1679, leaving avoiding those distempers which usually attend behind him the character of an able general, a sedentary life; to which he constantly adhered: statesman, and writer. Of his writings, the the first was, to study always standing; the seprincipal are, six tragedies, two comedies, "Far-cond, never to study in a window; the third, thenissa," a romance, and a collection of" State never to go to bed with his feet cold. Sir Henry Letters," published in folio, 1742. Saville styles him ingeniosissimum et doctissi

BOYLE, Robert, a most distinguished philo-mum Boisium. sopher and chymist, and an exceedingly good! BOYSE, Samuel, a very ingenious person, man, was the 7th son, and 14th child, of Richard but as remarkable for imprudence as for ingenuearl of Cork, and born at Lismore, in Ireland,ity, was born in Dublin, 1708. In 1731, he pub1626-7. He was the inventor of the air-pump;lished, at Edinburgh,a volume of poems,addresand his numerous philosophical writings have sed to the countess of Eglinton. He wrote also secured him immortal fame. He died 1691. an Elegy upon the death of lady Stormont, entiBOYLE, Charles, eari of Orrery, 2d son of tled, "The Tears of the Muses;" with which Roger, 2d earl of Orrery, was born 1676, and died lord Stormount was so much pleased, that he 1731. He was eminent as a statesman; but bet-ordered Boyse a handsome present. These pubter known, at the present day, for his literary lications, and the honourable notice taken of controversy with Dr. Bentley on the authentici-them, were the means of recommending him to ty of the epistles of Phalaris. He was also an ingenious mathematician, and inventor of the machine representing the solar system, which is still named after his title, the Orrery.

very high persons, who were desirous of serving him: but Boyse was not a man to be served. He made an improper use of these recommendations, and, had often recourse to the meanest BOYLE, John, earl of Cork and Orrery, was arts to procure benefactions. At some times he the only son of Charles, the subject of the pre-would raise subscriptions for poems which did ceding article, and born 1706-7. He took his not exist; at others, ordered his wife to inform scat in the house of peers, Jan. 1731-2; but, people that he was just expiring, to move the though he distinguished himself by some speech-compassion of his friends, who were frequently es, he did not greatly cultivate the business of surprised to meet the man in the street to-day, parliament. The delicacy of his health, his who was, yesterday, said to be at the point of passion for private life, and the occasions he death. In May, 1749, however, he died, after a sometimes had of residing in Ireland, seem to ingering illness, in obscure lodgings, near Shoehave precluded him from any regular attend-lane, where he was buried at the expense of the ance in the English house of peers. "When-parish. He was a melancholy instance of the ever (says he, in a private letter to a friend) we wretchedness, contempt and disgrace, to which step out of domestic life in search of felicity, the most ingenious persons may reduce themwe come back again disappointed, tired, and selves, by an abuse of those powers with which chagrined. One day passed under our own roof nature hath endowed them. The most celebracalled with our friends and our family, is worth ated of his performances, was his poem, thousand in another place. The noise and bustle," Deity," which is styled by Hervey," a beauor (as they are foolishly called) the diversions tiful and instructive poem;" and is also men of life, are despicable and tasteless, when once tioned by Fielding, as "a very noble one." we have experienced the real delight of a fire- BOYSE, Joseph, a dissenting minister, born side." His principal works are, a translation in Yorkshire. He became a popular preacher of" Pliny's Letters, with observations on each in London and Dublin, but was engaged in theoLetter, and an Essay on Piiny's Life," and logical disputes, and died in 1728. "Remarks on the Life and Writings of Swift." He died in 1762

BOZE, Claude Gros de, born at Lyons, was Ildistinguished' by his knowledge of antiquities 85

BADBURY, Theophilus, judge of the superior court of Massachusetts, died 1803.

BRADBURY, Thomas, a native of London, educated with Dr. Watts; he was a bold and eloquent preacher, and died 1757.

BRADDOCK, Edward, major-general, and commander in chief of the British forces in America, in 1755, was defeated in an expedition against Fort Du Quesne.

BRADFORD, Samuel, rector of Mary-le-bow, born Blackfriars; he edited Tillotson's ser-torn at Knudstorp, in Denmark, 1546, died 1601. moas tutor to the primate's children, and dn 1731.

BRADLEY, Dr. James, Savilian professor of astronomy at Oxford, and astronomical observator at the royal observatory at Greenwich, was BRAMANTE D'URBINO, Lazarus, a disborn at Shireborn, in Gloucestershire, 1692, and tinguished architect, at Naples and Rome. It died 1762, in the same county. His observa-was according to his plan, that Pope Julius II. tions are extant in perfect order, in 13 vols. folio, and 2 4to. in MS.

began to rebuild the church of St. Peter, but
he died before it was completed, 1514.

born at Delft, in 1596.
BRAMER, Leonard, a disciple of Rembrandt,

in Yorkshire, succeeded to the living of York:
BRAMHALL, John, a native of Pontefract,
he was persecuted in the time of Cromwell, and,
of Armagh, &c.; he died 1663.
after the restoration, was promoted to the see

king of Britain, is said to have assisted in estab
BRAN, son of Lyr, father of Caractacus,
lishing an elective monarchy in Britain; he died
about 80 A. D.

BRANCAS, Villeneuve Andrew Francis, abbe of Aulnay, born in the Venaissin, died in 1758. His works are correct in matter, but neither elegant in style, or in the choice of ideas,

BRANCKER, Thomas, a mathematician, rector of Tilston, Cheshire, &c., died in 1676. BRANDEL, Peter, a painter, born at Prague, and educated under Schroeter, died in 1739. BRANDI, Hyacinth, a painter, the pupil of Lanfrac, born near Rome, died in 1691.

BRANMULLER, John, professor of Hebrew, at Basil, died in 1593; he wrote funeral orations from the Bible. His son and grandson also wrote some valuable works.

lege, minister of Cambridge, published a work on logic, and died in 1717.

BRATTLE, WILLIAM, a preacher, lawyer, and physician; he was a member of the general court, and of the council, and major-general of militia in Mass.; he died in 1776.

BRAUWER, Adrian, a painter, born at Hærlem, died in 1638.

BRAY, Solomon de, a native of Hærlem, eminent as a portrait painter, died 1664. His BRANDMULLER, Gregory, a painter, of Ba-son, Jacob, a historical painter, died at the end of the 17th century.

sil, died in 1691. He was a pupil of Lebrun, and obtained the prize at the Paris academy. BRAY, Sir Reginald, who was instrumental BRANDOLINI, Aurelio, a native of Florence, in the advancement of Henry VII. to the throne, eminent as a poet. and afterwards made high treasurer to that BRANDON, Charles, duke of Suffolk, a fa-monarch. He had great skill in architecture, vourite of Henry VIII., of England; he married as appears from Henry the Seventh's Chapel in Mary, the sister of Henry, and died in 1545. Westminster Abbey, and the chapel of St. BRANDT, Rev. John, secretary to the society George at Windsor, as he had a principal conof antiquaries, was born at Newcastle-upon-cern and direction in the building of the former, Tyne, 1743, and educated at Lincoln College, and the finishing and bringing to perfection of Oxford. In 1777, he published "Observations the latter, to which he was also a liberal bene-on Popular Antiquities, including the whole of factor. Polydore, Vergil, Hall, &c., say, that he Mr. Bourn's 'Antiquitates Vulgares,' with ad-was a very father of his country; a sage and denda to every chapter of that work," &c., 8vo. grave person; a fervent lover of justice; and In 1783, he published "The History and Anti-one who would often admonish the king when quities of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 2 vols. 4to. he did any thing contrary to justice or equity. Mr. Brand died suddenly, in his study, Septem-He died August 2, 1501.

ber 13, 1806.

BRAY, Thomas, an English divine, born at BRANDT, Gerard, a protestant divine, and Marton, in Shropshire, 1656, died 1730, having minister of Amsterdam, died at Rotterdam, in||made himself eminent by his unwearied atten1695. He was author of a "History of the Re-tion to the practice of benevolence. Most of the formation of the Low Countries," in 4 vols. 4to. religious societies and good designs in London It is written in Flemish; and the grand pen-are in a great measure formed on the plans that sioner Fagel said once to Bishop Burnet, that it he projected; particularly the charity-schools, was worth learning Flemish, merely to read the society for reformation of manners, and that Brandt's History. for the relief of poor proselytes, &c. BRANDT, John, secretary of Antwerp, emi- BREARLEY, David, a member of the connent for his erudition and patronage of science,vention for framing the constitution of the U. died in 1639 S. in 1787; he died in 1790.

BRANDT, Sebastian, counsellor, of Strasburgh, professor of law, and poet, died in 1529. BRANDT, Sebastian, a chymist, of Germany, who employed a great portion of his life in search of the philosopher's stone; he died in

1521.

BREBEUF, George de, a French poet, born at Torigni, in Lower Normandy, 1618. He was distinguished chiefly by a translation of Lucan; but the best, and as it should seem, the most edifying of his works, is the first book of Lucan Travestied. It is said of Brebeuf, that he had a fever upon him for more than 20 years. He died in 1661.

BRANDT, Colonel, a famous Indian chief, sided with Great Britain, was engaged in the massacre of Wyoming, on the Susquehannah, BREBEUF, Jean de, a distinguished missionand in an attack on Minisink, New-York; heary in Canada, was burnt by the savages, 1649. died in 1807.

BRANTOME, vid. BOURDEILLES. BRASAVOLÁ, Antonius Musa, professor of medicine at Ferara, was physician to the popes and other princes of Italy, to Francis I. of France, Henry VIII. of England, and Charles V. of Germany; he died in 1555.

BRASBRIDGE, Thomas, a native of Northhamptonshire; he was a physician and divine, about 1562.

BRECOURT, Guillaume Martoureau de, a French poet and actor, died in 1685.

BREDA, Peter Van, a painter of Antwerp, died in 1681.

BREDA, John Van, a Flemish painter who exercised his profession in England, died in

1750.

BREDENBACK, Matthias, a controversialist writer of Kerpen, died in 1559.

BREENBERG, Barthol, a painter of some distinction, born at Utrecht, in 1620.

BRASIDAS, a general of Lacedæmon, who conquered several of the allied cities of Athens, BREESE, Mary, a singular character, born 424 B. C. at Lynn, in Norfolk, 1721. She regularly took BRATHWAITE, or BRAITHWAYTE, out a shooting license, kept as good greyhounds, Richard, an English poet and miscellaneous and was as sure a shot, as any in the county. writer, born at Warcop, near Appleby, West-She never lived out of the parish in which she moreland, in 1588, died at Appleton, near Rich-was born, and where she died September, 1799. mond, Yorkshire, May 4, 1673. His works are By her desire,her dogs and favourite mare were numerous, but the principal of them are "The killed at her death, and buried in one grave English Gentleman," and the "The English with her. Gentlewoman ;" "Mercurius Britannicus," and "Regicidium," tragi-comedies.

BRATTLE, Thomas, merchant, of Boston, and principal founder of the church in Brattlestreet; died in 1713.

BRECK, Robert, minister, of Marleborough, Mass., distinguished for his knowledge of Hebrew; he died in 1731.

BRECK, Robert, a minister of Springfield, Mass., possessed of superior intellectual endowBRATTLE, William, fellow of Harvard Col-ments, died in 1784.

BRECKENRIDGE, John, senator in Congress from Kentucky, distinguished for his eloquence,

died in 1801.

BREGY, Charlotte Saumase de Chauzin, comptesse de, a maid of honour to Ann of Austria, died in 1693.

BREITKOPF, John Gottlieb Emanuel, a writer and printer, of Leipsic, died in 1794.

BREMONT, Francois de, a Parisian, made secretary to the Royal London Society, and admired for his laborious application and critical discernment; he died in 1742.

BRENNER, Henry, a native of West Bothnia, was made keeper of the royal library at Stockholm, died in 1732.

BRENNUS, a general of Gaul; he invaded Thessaly, &c., and killed himself in 278 B. C. BRENNUS, a general of Gaul, celebrated for the siege and seizure of Rome, was defeated and totally destroyed by Camillus, 388 B. C.

BRIANT, Solomon, an Indian, and minister to the Indians at Marshpee, in Barnstable, Mass., died 1775.

BRIDAINE, N., a famous French preacher of the diocess of Uzes, compared to Demosthenes and Bossuet, died in 1767.

BRIDAULT, John Peter, a French writer, author of manners and customs of the Romans, &c., died in 1781.

BRIDGE, William a leading preacher among the independents of England, died in 1670. BRIDGE, Thomas, a very worthy minister of the 1st church in Boston, died in 1715.

BRIDGEWATER, Francis Egerton, duke of, BRENT, Sir Nathaniel, a native of Woolford, opened a communication, by a canal, between Warwickshire, educated at Merton College of Manchester and Worsely, which, together with which he became the warden, and was knight-the Mersey, facilitated the commerce between ed by Charles I, at Woodstock; he died in 1652 ||Liverpool and Manchester. He died in 1803. BRENTIUS, or BRENTZEN, John, was born BRIDGMAN, John, a native of Exeter, chapin Swabia, a distinguished friend and follower||lain to James I. During the civil wars, he was of Luther, died in 1570. a great sufferer in person and property. BRIDGMAN, Sir Orlando; after the restoration he was made lord chancellor: he was weak and irresolute, and died in 1672.

BRENTON, William, lieutenant-governor and governor of the colony of Rhode Island, died at Newport, 1674.

BREQUIGNY, Lewis George Edward de, author of the history of the revolution of Genoa, &c., died 1795.

DRIENNE, Walter de, a native of Champagne, distinguished for his courage at the siege of Acre, against the Saracens; he was afterwards BREREWOOD, Edward, a learned antiqua-ing of Sicily: his son and successor, of the ry and the first astronomical prefessor of Gresham College, died in 1613.

BRET, Anthony, author of the life of Ninon de l'Enclos, and many other works. He was a native of Dijon, and died in 1702.

BRETON, Nicholas, a writer of ballads and, interludes, in the age of Elizabeth.

same name, also distinguished himself against the Saracens; he was put to death in 1251.

BRIENNE, John, made king of Jerusalem, in 1210, which he resigned; he afterwards filled the throne of Constantinople.

PRIETIUS, Philip, a learned Trench geogra pher, and universal chronologist, born at Ableville, in 1601, and died librarian of the Jesuit's

BRETONNEAU, Francis, a Jesuit of Tours, author of a life of James II., &c., died in 1741.College, at Paris, 1008. BRETONNIER, Barthol Joseph, an advocate of the parliament of Paris, and author of some law tracts, died in 1727.

BRETTEVILLE, Etienne du Boise, a Jesuit of Normandy, author of some theological tracts, died 1688.

BRETTINGER, John James, a native of Zurich, professor of Hebrew and author of an edition of the New Testament from the septuagint; he died in 1776.

BREUGEL, Peter, usually styled Old Breugel, an eminent Dutch painter, chiefly of rural sports, the marches of armies, &c., was born at Bruegel, near Breda, in 1563, and died 1596.

BREUGEL, Peter, son of the preceding, surpassed in the description of inagicians and devils, whence he is called "Hellish Breugel."

BREUGEL,John, 2d son of old Peter, excelled in painting flowers and fruits, and died in 1842. Another of that name called Abraham, born at Antwerp, excelled as a lower and landscape painter, and died in 1672.

BREVAL, John Durant de, rose to the rank of captain under the great Marlcborough. He was an author of some merit, and died in 1739. BREVINT, Daniel, made dean of Lincoln, in 1681, died in 1695.

BRIGOS, Henry, an eminent mathematician, born at Halifax, in Yorkshire, 1556. When Gresham College, in London, was established, be was chosen the first professor of geometry there, in 1596. He died in January, 1630.

BRIGGS, William, a native of Norwich, an eminent physician, of St. Thomas' hospital, died in 1704.

BRIGHAM, Nicholas, a native of Oxfordshire, eminent as a lawyer and poet, died in 1559.

DRIGHT, Francis, first minister of Charlestown, Massachusetts, returned to England in 1630.

BRIGHTMAN, Thomas, rector of Hawnes, Bedfordshire, wrote Latin commentaries on the canticles and apocalypse, died in 1607.

BRILL, Matthew and Paul, natives of Antwerp, and good painters; born in 1550, and 1554, and eminent for performances in history and landscape; Matthew died in 1584; Paul in

1626.

BREUL, James du, a Benedictine monk, au- BRINDLEY, James, a most uncommon gethor of the antiquities of Paris, &c., died innius for mechanical inventions, and particularly 1164. excellent in planning and conducting inland navigations, was born in 1716, at Tunsted, in Derbyshire, and died at Turnliurst, in Staffordshire, September 27, 1772, having shortened his days by too intense application; for he never indulged or relaxed himself in the common diversions of life, not having the least relish for them; and though once prevailed on to see a play in London, yet he declared that he would

BREWER, Anthony, a poet highly esteemed among the wits and courtiers in the reign of Charles I.