A UNIVERSAL BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY, CONTAINING THE LIVES OF THE MOST CELEBRATED CHARACTERS OF EVERY AGE AND NATION, EMBRACING WARRIORS, HEROES, POETS, PHILOSOPHERS, HISTORIANS, POLITICIANS, STATYSMEN, PUBLIC LIBRARY Southern District of New-York, ss. L.S. BĚ IT REMEMBERED, That on the second day of June, A. D. 1825, in the forty-ninth year of the independence of the United States of America, Charles N. Baldwin, of the said District, hath deposited in this office the title of a book, the right whereof he claims as proprietor, in the words following, to wit: "A Universal Biographical Dictionary, containing the lives of the most celebrated characters of every age and nation, embracing Warriors, Heroes, Poets, Philosophers, Historians, Politicians, Statesmen, Lawyers, Physicians, Divines, Discoverers, Inventors, and generally, all such Individuals, as from the earliest periods of history to the pre sent time, have been distinguished among mankind; to which is added, a Dictionary of the Principal Divinities and Heroes of Grecian and Roman Mythology; and a Biographical Dictionary of eminent Living Characters." In conformity to the Act of Congress of the United States, entitled, “An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by securing the copies of Maps, Charts, and Books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the time therein mentioned." And also to an Act entitled, An Act, Supplementary to an Act, entitled, "An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by securing the copies of Maps, Charts, and Books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the times therein mentioned.' and extending the benefits thereof to the arts of designing engraving, and etching historical and other prints.' JAMES DILL, Clerk of the Southern District of New-York. ADVERTISEMENT. This work embraces every article in Lempriere, generally in an abridged form; it also contains many of the articles found in the Biographical works of Jones, Watkins, Allen, &c. not included in Lempriere; besides a few original notices, prepared for this work, and to be found in no other. The number of articles are, therefore, believed to be greater than in any other Biographical Dictionary, and though in most instances they are necessarily very concise, yet it has been the aim of the compilers to give ample details when the characters are particularly conspicuous, and in other cases, të embrace in few words the leading points of interest. It is acknowledged with pleasure, that great assistance has been derived, in the compilation, from Mr. E. Lord's correct and enlarged edition of Lempriere, lately published in New-York-a work which has laid the public un der many obligations; particularly for the new matter which it brings for ward. The excellent work of Allen has also been of great use in forming the present aidgment. A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY. AA AB AA, Peter Vander, a bookseller of Leyden, who left behind him very accurate and judicious mepublished a work in 66 vols. folio, entitled moirs of all the embassies in which he was em Galerie du Monde, &c. was living in 1729. AAGARD, Nicholas and Christian, brothers, born at Wiburg, in Denmark, the eldest, distinguished for the acuteness of his philosophical writings, died 1657; the other known for his poetical talents, died 1664. AALAM, an astrologer of the ninth century, at the court of Adado Daula. AALST, Everard, a dutch painter, whose pieces were highly valued, was born at Delft, 1602, and died in 1658. AARON, elder brother of Moses, of the tribe of Levi, born A. M. 2434; he was the friend and the assistant of Moses, was happily gifted with the powers of eloquence, and became the first high-priest among the Hebrews. He died in his 123d year. AARON, Raschid, a caliph of the Abassides, distinguished by his conquests and the eccentricity of his character, died A. D. 809, in the 23d year of his reign. AARON, Schascou, a rabbi of Thessalonica, celebrated for his writings. AARON, a British saint, put to death brother Julius, during Dioclescian' of the Christians. ployed. AARSENS, or AERSENS, Peter, called by the Italians Pietro Longo, from his tallness, a celebrated painter, born at Amsterdam in 1519 He excelled very particularly in painting a kitchen; but an altarpiece of his, viz. a crucifix. representing an executioner breaking with an iron bar the legs of the thieves, &c. was prodigiously admired. This noble piece was destroyed by the rabble in the time of the insurrection, 1566. He afterwards complained of this to the populace in terms of such severity, that more than once they were going to murder him. He died in 1585. AARTGEN, or AERTGEN, a painter of merit, born at Leyden in 1498. It was a custom with this painter never to work on Mondays, but to devote that day with his disciples to the bottle. He used to stroll about the streets in the night, playing on the German flute; and in one of these frolics was drowned in 1564. ABA, brother-in-law to Stephen, the first Christian king of Hungary; disgraced himself with his by his cruelties: was conquered in battle by the cution Fimporter enry and was sacrificed to the Lesentment of offended subjects. 1044. AARON, a presbyter and physician Ale ABAFFI, Michter, son of a magistrate of Herandria, in the eighth century; he wrote 30 books manstad, rose by his abilities and intrigues, to on medicine in the Syriac language, andis Kelche sovereignty of Transylvania, in 1661. first author who makes mention of the smalt pox ABACA ABAKA, a king of Tartary, conand meazles, diseases which were introduced quered Persia, and proved a powerful and formiinto Egypt from Arabia, about 640. doble neighbor to the Christians at Jerusalem, AARON, Hariscon, a Caraite rabbi who was di 1-1289 known as physician at Constantinople in 29ABANO, id Apono. and wrote a learned commentary on the peitateuch, Hebrew grammar, &c. AARON, Hacharon or Posterior, another learned Rabbi, born in 1346; he wrote on the law of Moses, the customs of his nation, and a treatise entitled the Garden of Eden. AARON, Isaac, an interpreter of languages at Constantinople under the Comeni. AARON, Ben Chaim, the chief of the Jewish Synagogue, at Fez and Morocco, in the beginning of the 17th century; he wrote commentaries on Joshua, the Law, the Prophets, &c. AARON, Ben-aser, a learned rabbi in the 5th century, to whom the invention of the Hebrew points and accents is attributed; he wrote a Hebrew grammar, printed 1515. AARON, a Levite of Barcelona, wrote 613 precepts on Moses, printed at Venice, 1523; he died 1292. ABARIS, a Scythian philosopher, the history of whose adventures, mentioned by Herodotus and others, appears more fabulous than authentic. ABAS, Schah, seventh king of Persia, was brave and active; he took conjointly with the English forces, 1622, the Island of Ormus, which had been in the possession of the Portuguese 122 years; he died 1629 in the 44th year of his reign. ABAS, Schal, the great grandson of the preceding, succeeded his father in 1642, in his 13th, year; he patronised the Christians, and was distinguished for his benevolence and liberality; he died Sept. 25, 1666. ABASSA, an officer who revolted against Mustapha I. emperor of the Turks, and afterwards was employed against the Poles, 1634, at the head of 60,000 men. The cowardice of his troops robbed him of a victory, and he was strangled by order of the Sultan. ABASSA, a sister of Aaron Raschid, whose hand was bestowed by her brother on Giafer; her husband was sacrificed by the tyrant, and she was reduced to poverty. AARSENS, Francis, lord of Someldyck and Spyck, one of the greatest ministers for negotiation that the United Provinces of Holland have at any time possessed. He was the first person ever recognised as Dutch ambassador by the French court: the first of three extraordinary! ABASSON, an impostor, who, under the ambassadors sent to England in 1620; and the character of the grandson of Abas the great, obsecond in 1641, who were to treat about the mar- tained the patronage of the court of France and riage of prince William, son to the prince of of the grand seignior, by whose order he was at Orange. Aarsens died at an advanced age; helliast beheaded. ABATS, Andrew, a painter of fruit and still threw him into a deep melancholy; lie ever aflife, born at Naples, was employed by the kingerwards kept a monthly fast on Tuesday, the of Spain, and died in 1732. day on which this fatai mischance happened. ABAUZIT, Firmin, born at Uzes, 11th Nov.and settled an annuity of 207. on the widow. 1679, fled from the persecution which attended Worn out, however, with cares and infirmities, his parents on account of their profession of he died at Croydon, Aug. 5, 1633. protestantism, and retired to Geneva, became ABBOT, Maurice, youngest brother of the distinguished for his superior progress in every archbishop, acquired consequence in con e branch of polite learning, but particularly cial affairs, was employed in 1624 in establish mathematics and natural history; was flattereding the settlement of Virginia, and was the first by Voltaire, and complimented by Rousseau;person on whom Charles I. conferred the ho he died March 20, 1767. nour of knighthood. He was elected represen ABBADIE, James, an eminent Protestant di-tative for London, and in 1638 was raised to th vine, and dean of Rilaloe, horn at Nay, in Berne, mayoralty of the city, and died Jan. 10th, 16-40 in the year 1654 (or, according to some accounts, ABBOT, Robert, D. D. eldest brother of the in 1658,) died in the parish of Mary-la-bonne,two preceding he was born at Guildford, was in London, 1727. The chief of this author's educated at Baliol college, and elected maste works was, "Traité de la Verité de la Religion thereof, 1609. His eloquence as a preacher reChrétienne; Rotterdam, 1684." This has gonecommended him to further patronage; he was through several editions, and is perhaps the best appointed chaplain to the king, and regius pro book ever published on that subject. fessor of divinity at Oxford. He was conscABAS, Halli, a physician, and one of thecrated bishop of Salisbury, 1615, and died Mar. Persian magi, who followed the doctrines of 2, 1617, in his 58th year. His writings were Zoroaster; he wrote A. D. 980, a book called principally controvrsial. a royal work, which was translated into Latin] ABBT, Thomas, the German translator of by Stephen of Antioch, 1127, and is now extant. Sallust, and the admired author of a treatise ABBAS, the uncle of Mahomet, opposed the On merit," and of another, "Of dying for one's ambitious views of the impostor; but when de-country,) was born at Ulm, and died at Bucke feated in the battle of Bedr, was reconciled to berg, 1766, aged 28. his nephew, embraced his religion, and thanked ABDALCADER, a Persian who was greatly heaven for the prosperity and the grace he en-revered by the mussulmans for his learning, his joyed as a mussulman. He died in the 32d year piety, and the sanctity of his manners. of the hegira. ABDALLAH, father of Mahomet, was a slave, and a driver of camels. ABBASSA, vid. Abassa. ABBATEGIO, Marian d', an ecclesiastic of the 14th century, who rose by his abilities to be governor of Aquila. ABBATISSA, Paul, a-amous Sicilian port, born at Messina, 1570. He died unto italian verse Homer's Iliad and yesty, and Ovid Metamorphoses. ABBIATI, Philip, a historical bater, at Milan 1640, died 1715. ABBON, a monk of St. Germ who was present at the siege ABDALLAH, son of Zobair, was proclaimed caliph of Mecca and Medina, after the expulsion of Yesid. After enjoying the sovereignty for four years, be was besieged in Mecca, by the ssor of Yesid in Syria, and sacrificed to the ambon his rival, 733. ABDALLAH, son of Yesid, celebrated as a bormasinan lawyer in the 7th century. Paris by the Normans, at the close of the 9th Centary wrote an account of this event in execrable Latin, which was edule by plessis, 1753. ABDALLAH, son of Abbas, endeavoured oraistis family on the ruins of the Ommiades; he was defeated by his rivals, who, afterwards, ending to be reconciled, perfidiously mur ed him, 754. ADALMALEK, son of Marvan, was 5th caliph of the Ommiades, and began to reign, €85. ABBON, de Fleury, an ecclesiastic of Or-He was called Abuizebab, because bis breath leans, who became abbot of Fleury, supported was so offensive that it killed the very flies that the rights of the monastic order against the in-settled on his lips; he reigned 21 years, and was trusions of the bishops. He was killed in allsucceeded by Valid, the eldest of his 16 sons. quarrel between the French and Gascons, 1001. ABBOT, Hull, a respectable minister of Charlestown, Massachusetts, published several sermons, died 1782, aged 80. ABDALMALEK, the last of the caliphs of the race of the Samanides, was dethroned and murdered by Mahmoud, 999. ABDALRAHMAN, or ABDERAMES, vid Abderames. ABBOT, George, archbishop of Canterbury, born 1562, at Guildford, in Surry. In 1604 that ABDAS, a bishop in Persia, who, by incon translation of the Bible now in use was begun by siderately abolishing a Pagan temple of the the direction of king James, and Dr. Abbot was sun, excited the public indignation against himthe second of eight divines of Oxford, to whomself and his religion. the care of translating the whole New Testa- ABDEMELEK, king of Fez and Morocco, was ment (excepting the Epistles) was committed. dethroned by his nephew, Mahomet; but by the On April 5, 1619, Sir Nicholas Kempe laid the assistance of troops, sent him by the sultan first stone of the hospital at Guildford. The Selim, defeated Sebastian, king of Portugal, archbishop, who was present, afterwards en-who had landed in Africa to support the usurper. dowed it with lands to the value of 2001. per The two African monarchs and Sebastian fell ann. The archbishop, being in a declining state on the field, 1578. of health, used in the summer to go to Hamp- ABDERAMES, a caliph of the race of Omshire for the sake of recreation; and being in- miades, was invited into Spain by the Saracens. vited by lord Zouch to hunt in his park at Bran-He assumed the title of king of Corduba, and zill, he met there with the greatest misfortune the surname of just; he died, 790, after reigning that ever befell him; for he accidentally killed 32 years. his lordship's keeper, by an arrow from a cross- ABDERAMES, a Saracen general of the cahow, which he shot at a deer. This accident liph Hescham, who, after conquering Spain, |