the above institutions, there are medical schools attached to the hospitals of most of the large towns in England. In a few of the colleges female students are admitted. There are besides, 4 University Colleges for ladies:-Newnham College, Cambridge, with 30 professors and teachers and 102 students in 1884; Girton College, Cambridge, with 18 of the former and 70 students; and Lady Margaret and Somerville Halls, Oxford, with (1883) 60 students and 11 regular lecturers.

Middle-class education in the United Kingdom is entirely unorganised, and is mainly left to private enterprise; no complete trustworthy statistics are available. There are a number of endowed public and grammar schools in England, but over the conduct of these schools Government has no control. The following are known as the nine great public schools':- Charterhouse, Eton, Harrow, Merchant Taylors', Rugby, St. Paul's, Shrewsbury, Westminster, Winchester. They have a teaching staff of 240, and an attendance of about 3,940 pupils.

According to a return for Scotland relating to 1880, there were in that year 17 higher class public schools with 9,414 pupils, and 260 non-public with 57,937 pupils. For Ireland there is an Intermediate Education Board, whose functions are to examine all candidates who present themselves. In 1883, 6,162 pupils presented themselves for examination. In 1881 there were in Ireland about 1,500 superior schools, with about 200,000 pupils.

In connection with the Government Science and Art Department in 1883 were 1,421 schools of science with 72,054 pupils, and 177 schools of art with 35,909 pupils; in 4,526 elementary schools, 767,194 children were taught drawing.

By the Act of 1870, sufficient school accommodation must be provided in every district in England and Wales for all the children resident in such district. These schools are placed in each district under either School boards, or School Attendance Committees, who may make it compulsory upon parents to give all children between the ages of five and thirteen the advantages of education. An essentially similar Act has been applied to Scotland. On April 1, 1884, there were in England and Wales 2,156 School Boards, embracing a population of 16,081,618, and 759 School Attendance Committes, embracing a population of 9,892,821.

The following table, compiled from official returns, relating to the Primary Schools, both Board Schools and Voluntary Schools in Great Britain, gives a view of the progress of education within the years 1874 to 1883:

The number of teachers in the schools of England and Wales in 1883 was 78,764; in those of Scotland 10,431. The total number of children of legal school-age (5-14), in England and Wales in 1883 was 5,575,726; in Scotland, 790,130 (597,721 were under instruction). Of the schools in England and Wales, 4,049 were directly under School Boards in 1883; 11,703 connected with the National Society or the Church of England; 559 were Wesleyan, 817 Roman Catholic, 1,412 British, undenominational and other schools. In Scotland, 2,493 were public schools, 119 connected with the Church of Scotland, 139 with the Roman Catholic Church, and the rest with other bodies or undenominational. In England and Wales in 1883 there were 41 training colleges, with 3,138 students; and in Scotland 7 colleges, with 858 students.

Elementary education in Ireland is under the superintendence of a body of Commissioners of National Education in Ireland.' The following table will show the progress of elementary schools during the past five years :

671,109 children in 1883. In Ireland the total population between 5 and 13 years of age was 999,657 in 1883.

The annual parliamentary grants to primary schools in England and Wales amounted in 1875 to 1,566,2717.; in 1881 to 2,683,9581.; in 1882 to 2,749,8637.; in 1883 to 2,938,9301., and in 1884 to 3,016,1677. The grant to Scotland in 1882 was 468,512l.; in 1883, 465,7237., and in 1884, 475,413l.; to Ireland in 1882, it was 730,4617.; in 1883, 726,3397., and in 1884, 732,6271. Thus the total grant for elementary education in Great Britain and Ireland in 1884 amounted to 4,224,2071. In addition to the grant these schools derive an income from endowments, school fees, local rates, and voluntary subscriptions, amounting for England in 1883 to 3,436,9541.; for Scotland to 528,7121.; and for Ireland to 164,7631.

Revenue and Expenditure.

The following statement exhibits the sources of revenue and the branches of expenditure of the United Kingdom, for the financial year ending March 31, 1884 :

The budget estimates for the financial year ending March 31, 1885, are given in the following table, though, as will be seen, these estimates were considerably increased by subsequent additional votes of credit for the army and navy:

In the autumn, however, votes of credit amounting in the aggregate to 2,349,000l. were granted to provide for the Egyptian and South African expeditions. The revenue was increased by adding a penny in the pound to the income tax. The yield was estimated at 2,000,000l., but of this only 1,200,000l. is expected to be received during the current year, and the final estimates accordingly show a total revenue of 86,733,000l., and an expenditure of 87,641,000l., there being thus an estimated deficit of 908,0002. The following are the classes of expenditure which come under the head of Civil Services :

The following are among the more important items:-Local Government Board-England 440,7577., Ireland, 139,5447.; Stationery Office and Printing, 541,2007.; Supreme Court of Judicature, 419,8227.; County Courts, 446,7261.; Metropolitan Police, 529,8751.; County and Borough Police, 970,2981.; Convict Establishments, Prisons, and Reformatory Schools, 983,7071.; Prisons, Scotland, 109,8971.; Law Charges, and Supreme Court, Ireland, 119,0977.; Law Commission, Ireland, 88,0901.; Dublin Police, 146,0947.; Irish Constabulary, 1,440,095l.; Prisons, &c., Ireland, 253,4901.; Public Education-England, 3,016,1671.; Scotland,