Species. The species are biennials, as the Angelica arcangelica and lucida; or perennials, as the Angelica sylvestris, verticillaris, &c. J. Bauhin. Hist. Plant.; C. Bauhin. Pin. Theat.; Ger. Herb.; Park. Theat. Botan.; Raii Hist. Plant.; Tourn. Inst. Herb.; Boerh. Ind. Plant.; Linn. Spec. Plant. ANGELICA is also the name of several species, as the Cherophyllum aromaticum, the Cicuta maculata, the Laserpitium latifolium Smyrnium, and Aman of Linnæus. C. Bauhin. Pin., &c.-Angelica-tree, the Arabia spinosa of Lin - næus. ANGELICE (Ecc.) an order of nuns who had two houses in Italy, at Milan, and Cremona. It was founded by Louisa Torelli, countess of Guastalli, by permission of Pope Paul III. in 1534. Hellot. Hist. des Ord. Mon. tom. iv. c. 16. ANGELICI (Ecc.) 'Ayyλixo, heretics of the third century, so called, as Epiphanius thinks, because they believed that the world was made by angels; and Augustin adds that they also worshipped angels. Epiphan. Hæres. 6; Augustin. Hæres. 39; Baron. Annal. Ann. 360. ANGELICI (Her.) an order of knighthood, instituted in 1191, by Angelus Flavius Comnenus, emperor of Constantinople. ANGELICUS pulvis (Chem.) mercury. ANGERONA'LIA (Ant.) a festival celebrated at Rome on the 12th Kal. Jan. i. e. the 21st of December, in honour of the goddess Angerona, to whom sacrifices were offered in the curia or senate-house. Varro de Lat. Ling. 1. 5; Gyrald. Syntag. Deor. 1, p. 57; Vaill. Numism. Imperat. vol. 2; Ursat. de Not. Roman. apud Græv. Thes. Antiq. Roman. tom. ii, p. 675. A'NGI (Med.) buboes or tumours in the groin. A'NGILD (Law) a single fine for an offence, in distinction from the two-gild and tri-gild, the double and treble fine. Laws of Ina. A'NGINA (Med.) xvváy, from ¿yxw, to strangle, or suffocate; the Quinsey [vide Cynanche], a disease in the throat, of which three species are mentioned by the ancients, namely, Angina aquosa, Angina gangrænosa, and Angina stridula, the Croup. Hippocrat. de Prognost.; Aret. de Curat. Morb. Acut. 1. 1, c. 7; Cels. de Re Med. 1. 4, c. 4; Gal. de Loc. Affect. 1. 4; Aet. Tetrab. 2, serm. 4, c. 47; Alex. Trallian. 1. 4, c. 1; Act. de Meth. Med. 1. 2, c. 10; Gorr. Defin. Med.; Foes. Econom. Hippocrat.Angina pectoris, a disease described by Dr. Heberdeen, consisting of an acute constrictory pain at the lower end of the sternum. ANGIOLOGIA (Med.) from ayyor, a vessel, and yes, a speech; Angiology, the doctrine of the arteries, nerves, and other vessels. Gal. Introduc. ANGIOPTERIS (Bot.) the Onoclea of Linnæus. ANGIOSPERMIA (Bot.) from ayyer, a vessel, and ☛ñía, seed, i. e. Seed included in a vessel or capsule; an epithet for the second Order of the 14th Class Didynamia, including the genera, having the Calyces undivided: asEginetia, Tanaecium. Those having the Calyces bifid, as-Orobanche, Broomrape; Crescentia, Calabash-tree; Obolaria; Hebenstreitia; Torenia; Castilleia; Acanthus ; Premna. Those having the Calyces trifid, as-Halleria. Those having the Calyces quadrifid, as-Lathræa; Euphrasia, Eye-bright; Rhinanthus, Yellow Rattle; Melampyrum, Cow Wheat; Lippia; Bartsia; Schwalbea; Barleria; Laeselia; Gmelina; Lantana. Those having the Calyces five cleft, as-Limosella; Avicennia; Tozzia; Phaylopsis; Browallia; Brunsfelsia; Holmskioldia; Lindernia; Conobea; Columnea; Vandellia; Russelia; Scrophularia; Digitalis, Fox Glove; Antirrhinum, Snap Dragon; Fluellin, Toad Flax; Pedicularis, Louse Wort; Mimulus, Monkey Flower; Sesamum, Oily Grain; Alectra; Ges neria; Cyrilla; Stemodia; Achimenes; Celsia; Hemimeris; Sibthorpia; Capraria; Bignonia; Incarvillea; Ruellia; Bucknera; Erinus; Petrea; Mamilea; Anarrhinum ; Gerardia; Dodartia; Chelone; Pentstemon; Gloxinia; Tourretia; Martynia; Maurandia; Millingtonia; Tartula; Pedalium; Linnea; Cornutia; Ovieda; Amasonia; Besleria; Bantia; Spielmannia; Vitex, Chaste-Tree; Myo-porum; Citharexylon; Volkameria; Clerodendron; Duranta. Calyces many cleft, as-Hyobanche; Lepidagathis; Cymbaria; Thunbergia; Melianthus, Honey-Flower. ANGIOSPERMOS (Bot.) an epithet for any flower having its seed included in a capsule, in distinction from those that are Gymnospermos, or naked seeded; hence also plants are likewise denominated Angiospermia, of which description is the second order in the Class Didynamia. [vide Angiospermia] ANGLE (Math.) from the Greek ayxúλes, bent, denotes the inclination of two lines, or planes, to each other, which meet together in a point called the vertex or angular point. The lines are called the legs or sides of the angle, which is named either by one letter, as A, or by three letters, as BAC, the middle of which always stands for the angle to be described. Angles are measured by an arc of a circle, drawn from the vertex with any radius at pleasure, as the arc DE, drawn from A, which is a measure of the angle BAC, i. e. the angle BAC is said to be as many degrees as the arc DE, a circle being always supposed to be divided into 360 degrees. Angles in Geometry. Fig. 2. Fig. 1. B EC Angles, as to their magnitude, are right, oblique, or equal. A right angle is formed by one perpendicular right line falling upon another, as BA C, which is subtended by the quadrant of a circle, is consequently equal to 90 degrees.-Oblique angle is formed by lines not perpendicular, which are either acute A Fig. 4. As to their construction; angles are rectilinear, curvilinear, mixed, plane, spherical, solid, &c.— Rectilinear angle is formed by two legs, which are right lines, as in the preceding figures-Curvilinear angle has two curved lines for its legs, as A CB, in fig. 4, formed by the arcs BC and A C.-Mixed angle has one of its legs a right line, and the other as the angles B C D, in fig. 4, and BCE formed by arc BC, and the right lines D DC or CE, so also ACD or ACE curved. Plane angle is the inclination E of two lines in the same plane, and meeting in a point. The above-mentioned angles are all of this description-Spherical angle is an angle formed on the surface of the sphere by the intersection of two great circles, or the inclination of the planes of those circles, as Fig. 5. D B E ADC, in fig. 5, or B D E.Solid angle is the inclination of more than two right lines that touch one another, and are not in the same superficies, as where two walls and the ceiling meet, in which case a solid angle is formed by three lines. To these may be added others less usual, as aHorned angle, made by a right line, whether secant or tangent, with the circumference of a circle.-Lunular angle, formed by the intersection of two circular lines, one convex, and the other concave.-Cissoid angle, an inner angle made by two spherical convex lines intersecting each other.-Sistroid angle, in the form of a sistrum.-Pelecoid angle, in the form of a hatchet. As to their situation; angles are contiguous, adjacent, vertical, alternate, external, internal, &c. Contiguous angles have the same vertex, and one leg common to both, as ABC EBA.—Adjacent angles are those of which the leg of the one produced forms the leg of the other, as E B C, fig. 6, and E B D.Fig. 6. E Fig. 7. E A A D Fig. 8. Vertical, or opposite angles, are those which are made by lines cutting or intersecting each other, which are consequently opposite to each other, as the angles CEA, fig. 7, DEB. An angle in a triangle is also said to be opposed to the side that subtends it, as the angle B, fig. 8, to the line A C.-Internal angles are those which are made within any right lined figure, in distinction from the external angles, which are placed without the figure.-Internal and opposite angles are formed by a line cutting two parallel lines, as BGH, fig. 9, and G H D, in distinction from the external angles, EG B, and DH F.-Alternate angles are those which A lie in the opposite sides of two parallel lines, as A GH, and G H D.-Homologous, or like angles, are those which in E B Fig 9. G B A ference stand on a semicircle, or has the diameter for its base, it is a right angle, and is called an angle in a semicircle, as A B C, fig. 12; if it stand on a segment greater than a semicircle it is acute, and is called an angle in the greater segment, as ADC, fig. 13; if on a less it is obtuse, and called an angle in the less segment, as AG C, fig. 14. Moreover all angles, as ABC, Fig. 12. Fig. 13. Fig. 14. AGC, and ADC in a segment, or which stand on the same arc, are equal to one another.-An angle of a segment is, according to Euclid, that which is contained by a chord, and the circumference of a circle, or otherwise that which is made by a chord with a tangent at the point of contact, as A CD, fig. 15, which is formed by the line AB touching the circle, and the chord DC. This is also called the angle of the less segment, in distinction from D C B, which is the angle of the greater segment.-An angle of contact is that which is formed by a tangent to a curve, as A CD. Spherical angles in astronomy are as follow; namely, theAngle of the ecliptic and meridian, made by an arch of the ecliptic and meridian, which is a right angle at the solstitial points, and otherwise oblique.-Angle of the ecliptic and the horizon, otherwise called the angle of the ascendant, or the angle of the East, the angle which the portion of the ecliptic above the horizon makes with the horizon. Angle of the ecliptic and equator is the inclination of the axis of the earth to the axis of the ecliptic, which is 23° 28'.-Angle of the equator and the meridian, which is always a right angle.-Angle of the équator and the horizon, which, in a right sphere, is a right angle, in an oblique sphere, oblique.-Angle of the ecliptic and a verticle circle, which is always a right angle.-Angle of longitude is the angle which the circle of a star's longitude makes with the meridian at the pole of the ecliptic.-Angle of right ascension is the angle which the circle of the star's right ascension makes with the meridian at the pole of the equator.Angle of the same position is an angle made by the meeting an arc of the meridian with an arc of the azimuth, or any other great circle passing through the body of the sun. [vide Astronomy] The right-lined angles are as follow; namely, the-Angle of commutation, or the angle at the sun, which is the difference between the true place of the sun when seen from the earth, and the place of a planet reduced to the ecliptic, as TS B, in the annexed figure, supposing TB to be the orbit of the earth, A F APG the orbit of the planet, S the sun, and P the planet.-Angle of elongation, or angle at the earth, is the distance of any planet from the sun with respect to the earth; the greatest elongation is the greatest distance which the planet recedes from the sun, as the angle STD, which supposes A B C to re- B present the orbit of the earth, FDV that of Venus, T the earth, V Venus, and S the sun. This angle is 47, but the greatest elongation V T C made by Mercury is not more than 27-Paralactic angle, or angle at the planet, is the difference between the two angles, under which the true and apparent distances of a planet from the zenith are seen. [vide Parallax] Kepler. Epit. 1. 6; Ricciol. Almag. l. 1, c. 22; Keil. Introd. ad Ver. Astron. ANGLE of the rhumb (Mar.) the angle which the rhumb line makes with the meridian. ANGLE (Fort.) the inclination of two lines, which are used in fortifying, or the erection of a fortification. These are divided into two general sorts, real and imaginary, or occult. The real angles appear actually in the work itself, as the flanked angle, the angle of the epaule, &c. The occult, or imaginary angles, are those which only serve the purpose of the construction, and no longer exist after the work is completed, as the angle at the centre, the angle of the polygon, &c. formed by the sides a b and bd.-Angle of, or at the centre, is the angle formed at the centre of the polygon, as a ld.-Angle of the bastion, or the flanked angle, is the angle formed by the two faces of the bastion, as fb c, formed by fb and b c. It is the outermost part of the bastion most exposed to the fire of the enemy.-Angle of the interior figure, the angle formed in the centre of the bastion by the meeting of the innermost sides of the figure kn and n m.-Angle of the triangle, half the angle of the polygon, as ba or lb d.-Angle of the flank or curtin, the angle contained between the curtin and the flank, as fhi-Angle of the epaule, the angle formed by the flank and face of the bastion, bfh.Diminished angle, the angle ba e formed by the meeting of the exterior sides of the polygon, ba, a e.-Angle of the tenaille, or exterior flanking angle, the angle formed by the two rasant lines of defence, i. e. the two faces of the bastion prolonged, as a gb.-Angle flanking inwards or upwards, an angle formed by the flanking line with the curtin, as kn b.-Re-entering angle, angle re-entrant, an angle whose vertex turns inwards towards the place, as h or i.-Saliant, or sortant angle, the angle advancing its point towards the field or country, as e or f.-Angle of the circumference, the angle made by the arch, which is drawn from one gorge to another.-Angle of the counterscarp, the angle formed by the two sides of the counterscarp meeting before the middle of the curtin.— Angle forming the flank, the angle consisting of one flank and one demigorge.-Angle forming the face, the angle made by one flank and one face-Angle of the gorge, the angle formed by the prolongation of the curtins intersecting each other.-Angle of the complement of the line of defence, the angle formed by the intersection of the two complements with each other.-Angle of the line of defence, the angle made by the flank and the line of defence.-Angle of the moat, the angle made before the curtin where it is intersected.-Dead angle, a re-entering angle not flanked or defended. ANGLE (Opt.) the inclination of any two lines formed by the rays of light. Angles in Optics. The angles in optics, and its branches, catoptrics, and dioptrics are as follow; namely, the-Optic angle, the angle included or contained between the two rays of light drawn from the extreme points of an object, as A B C, which is comprehended between the rays AB and B C.-Angle of the interval is the angle subtended by two lines drawn from the eye to those objects.-Angle of incidence is the angle which a ray of light forms with a perpendicular at the point where it falls or first touches, as A B F, supposing A B to be the line representing the incident ray of light, B the point at which it falls, and F B the perpendicular. According to Dr. Barrow and some others, the angle of incidence is the angle formed by the incident line A B and the plane D BE, which is acted upon.-Angle of reflection is the angle formed by a reflected ray of light with a perpendicular at the point of contact, from which it rebounds, as FB C. Upon the equality of these two angles is founded the whole science of catoptrics.— Angle of refraction is the angle which a ray of light refracted makes with the ray of incidence, as F N H, supposing DNE M to be the plane, M N the ray of inci- D N E dence, NH the ray continued, and NF the refracted ray.-Refracted angle is the angle which a refracted ray makes with a perpendicular to G H F the refracting surface; thus let G N be perpendicular to the refracting surface D E, then is GNF the refracted angle.-Angle of inclination is the angle made by a ray of incidence and an axis of incidence. Alhazen. de Opt.; Vitell. de Optic.; Kepler. Paralop. Prop. 5, &c.; Cartes. Dioptric. c. 2, § 2; Huygen. Dioptric; Kircher. Ars. Mag. Luc. et Umb. 1. 8, c. 2; Newt. Opt. c. 8, § 10, &c.; Voss. de Nat. et Prop. Luc. p. 36. ANGLE of Emergence (Nat.) the angle which any body, projected from one fluid or medium into another, makes at its going out, or emerging from, the latter, with a perpendicular to those planes, as the angle KGH; thus, sup- F\ pose A B and CD to be pa- A rallel planes bounding water or glass, and a body as a ray of light, for example, to be projected into them at E in the direction of F E, and going out at G in the direction of GH; then GK being made perpendicular to A B and CD, the angle GHK is the angle of emergence. F K H C/B E E C G K H D ANGLE (Mech.) the inclination of any two lines supposed to be formed by the bodies impelled towards each other. Angles in Mechanics. The angles in mechanics are-the angle of incidence, the angle of reflection, the angle of elevation, and the angle of direction.-Angle of incidence, an angle which a line of direction of an impinging body makes at the point of contact.-Angle of reflection, the angle which a line of direction of a body rebounding after it has struck another body makes at the point of impact. The equality of these two lines is a fundamental principle in mechanics as in optics.-Angle of elevation, the angle comprehended between a line of direction of a projectile and an horizontal line.-Angle of direction, an angle comprehended between the lines of direction of two conspiring forces. ANGLE of a battalion (Mil.) the angle made by the last men at the extremity of the ranks and files.-Front angles, the two last men of the front rank.-Rear angles, the two last men of the rear rank. ANGLE of a wall (Archit.) the angle formed by the meeting of the two sides or faces of a wall. ANGLE (Diall.) the angle that is made by a right line proceeding from the sun to the dial plate. ANGLE-bar (Carpent.) the upright bar at the meeting of any of the two sides of the window.-Angle-braces, timbers opposite to each angle in a quadrangular frame, which || serve as a brace or tie, the two sides forming the angle opposite to which they are fixed.-Angle-rafter [vide| Hipped roof-Angle-rib, a curved piece of timber in a ceiling or vault, fixed between two parts which form the angle.-Angle-staff, or staff-beads, beads fixed to the exterior angles of any wall, as a protection against accidents. ANGLE (Astrol.) vide Angles. ANGLER (Ich.) the Barpaus aus of Aristotle, the Rana A'NGLICUS Sudor (Med.) vide Sudor Anglicus. Raii ANGSA'NA (Bot.) or Angsava, an Indian tree, from which, when wounded, issues a liquor of a gummy consistence, sold for the sanguis draconis. It is astringent, and good for the aphtha. Raii Hist. Plant.; Commel. Hort.; Med. Anstel. A'NGUELLES (Falcon.) small worms cast up by sick hawks. A'NGUIFER (Astron.) vide Serpentarius. A'NGUILLA (Numis.) the eel, was a symbol in the coins of Agrigentum, Adranum, and other cities of Sicily, as in the subjoined cut, which represents on the obverse the ANGUILLA (Ich.) the eel, a fish named by Aristotle yxiaus, and classed by Linnæus under the Murana. Aristot. Hist. An. 1. 2, c. 13, &c. ANGUILLA'RIA (Bot.) the Ardicia excelsa and Zeylanica of Linnæus. ANGUILLA'RIS (Ich.) a species of the Silurus of Linnæus. A'NGUINA (Bot.) the Calla and the Tricosanthes Anguina of Linnæus. ANGUI'NEAL (Geom.) a sort of hyperbola of a serpentine figure; a species of the second order of curves, according to Newton. c. 3. A'NGUINUM (Zool.) a bed or knot of snakes. Plin. 1. 29, A'NGUIS (Numis.) the snake, an emblem of Esculapius, is mostly represented on coins twining round a staff, which is in the hands of an old man; but in the annexed figure it represents Esculapius himself, who is said to have appeared under this form when the vessel which was sent to fetch his image from Epidaurus arrived in the Tiber. The old man rising out of the water is supposed to be the river-god Tiber, before whom he is rearing himself. Valer. Maxim. 1. 1, c. 8; Aur. Victor. de Illust. c. 22. AESCVLA PIVS ANGUIS (Zool.) ivudpis, Snake, a genus of animals, Class Amphibia, Order Serpentes. Generic Characters. Scales on the belly, and under the tail. Species. Animals of this genus mostly inhabit the Indies. The species which are natives of Europe are-Anguis fragilis, the Blind-Worm, and Anguis Eryr, Aberdeen Snake. ANGUIS vulgaris (Zool.) the Coluber natrix of Linnæus.- Anguis Esculapii, a perfecily harmless species of serpent, which is good against the plague, and resists poison. Lem. des Drog. A'NGUIUM senecta (Nat.) the Exuvice Slough, or cast-off skins of serpents or snakes, a decoction of which is good for pains in the ear, &c. Dioscor. 1. 2, c. 19; Aet. Tetrab. 2, serm. 4, c. 33. A'NGULAR motion (Mech.) the motion of any body which moves circularly about a point, as the angular motion of a pendulum, which moves about its centre of motion. ANGULAR motion (Astron.) the motion of the planets round the sun as their centre, or the increasing angle made by two lines drawn from a central body, as the sun or earth, to the apparent places of two planets in motion. ANGULAR (Bot.) angulatus, an epithet for a stem; angulatus caulis, an angular stem, i. e. a stem grooved longitudinally, with more than two hollow angles. It may be triangular, triangularis,quadrangular, quadrangularis, &c. or obtuse-angled, obtuse-angulatus, acute-angled, acute-angularis, &c. according to the number and measure of the angles. Anthers are also angular, angulate, when they have several deep furrows that form four or more angles. The Stigma is angular, angulosum, when its close deep furrows occasion projecting angles and leaves; and pericarps are likewise so named, according to the number of their angles. ANGULAR capital (Archit.) any capital which has two or more fronts alike, so as to return at the angles of the building.Angular modillons, those which are placed at the return, i. e. at the turning of a cornice. ANGULA'RIS Arteria (Anat.) the same as Maxillaria.- ANGULATUS (Bot.) angular, or angled. [vide Angular] ANGURIA (Bot.) Water Melon, a genus of plants, Class 21 Generic Characters. CAL. monophyllous; divisions lanceolate.-COR. pentapetalous.-STAM. filaments two; anther creeping up and down.-PIST. germ inferior, oblong; style semibifid; stigmas bifid.-PER. pome oblong; seeds very many. Species. The species are, the-Anguria trilobata, a perennial, native of Carthagena.-Anguria pedata, seu polyphyllos, a perennial, native of St. Domingo.-Anguria trifoliata, seu Cucumis triphyllus, native of St. Domingo. Plum. Plant. Americ.; Linn. Spec. Plant. ANGURIA Citrullus, the Cucurbita Citrullus of Linnæus. ANGUSTIA (Anat.) narrowness of the vessels. ANGUSTIFOLIA (Bot.) narrow-leaved; an epithet for many plants. ANGUSTURA cortex (Bot.) a bark which comes from the Spanish main, and is a powerful bitter. ANHALDINUM (Med.) a corrosive described by Hart man. ANHALTI'NA (Med.) medicines promoting perspiration.Anhaltina aqua, a cordial distilled from aromatic ingredients. ANHELATIO (Med.) Anhelitus; panting or shortness of breath. Plin. l. 22, c. 23; Aet. Tetrab. 2, serm. 4, c. 7; Paul. Eginet. de Re Med. 1. 3, c. 29. ANHELITUS (Chem.) smoke; also horse-dung. ANHUI BA (Bot.) an Indian plant; the same as Sassafras. ANICETON (Med.) ; 1. An epithet for a plaster ganizing and actuating the whole and the different parts. Plat. Tim. ANIMA (Chem.) a concentration of the virtues of bodies by means of solution, distillation, or any other processes which can develop their powers. Of this description is-Anima Jaspidis, Anima Aloes, &c.-Anima Hepatis, the same as Sal Martis.-Anima pulmonum, a name for Saffron, from its supposed use in Asthmas.-Anima Saturni, a white powder, obtained by pouring distilled vinegar on litharge, and much used in enamelling. ANIMA orticulorum (Bot.) the name for Hermodactylus. A'NIME (Nat.) the vesicles of herrings, because they are light, and full of wind. They are supposed to be diuretic. A'NIMAL (Phy.) a living body, endued with sensation and spontaneous motion.-Animal faculty is that faculty by which man exercises his senses, and all the other animal functions. Animal functions, those functions or offices which are performed by the different members of the body, as seeing, hearing, voluntary motion, and the like.-Animal frame, or animal part of man; the bodily part, in distinction from the rational part. - ANIMAL Secretion (Anat.) the process whereby the divers juices of the body are secreted or separated from the common mass of the blood by means of the glands.-Animal motion; the same as muscular motion.-Animal spirits, a fine subtle juice or humour in animal bodies, supposed to be the great instrument of muscular motion, sensation, &c. as distinguished from natural and vital. Gal. de Caus. Puls. ANIMAL kingdom (Zool.) Animale Regnum; one of the three principal divisions into which Linnæus divided all organized bodies, consisting of classes, orders, genera, and species. Animals were by him divided into six classes, namely, the -Mammalia, or such as suckle their young, mostly qua drupeds.-Aves, Birds, which are oviparous.-Amphibia, Amphibious Creatures, living either on land or in the water.-Pisces, Fishes, which live only in the water, and are covered with scales.-Insecta, Insects, which have few or no organs of sense, and a bony coat of mail.Vermes, Worms, which have mostly no feet. First Class. The Mammalia consist of seven orders, namely, the-Primates, Bruta, Ferce, Glires, Pecora, Belluina, and Cete. First order. The Primates are divided into 4 genera, namely-Homo, Man.-Simia, the Ape, the Baboon, and the Monkey.Lemur, the Lemur.-Vespertilio, the Bat. Second order. Bruta, the second order, comprehends the following genera, namely-Bradypus, the Sloth.-Myrmecophaga, the Ant-Eater.-Dasypus, the Armadillo.-Rhinoceros, the Rhinoceros.-Sokotyro.-Elephas, the Elephant.— Trichechus, the Morse, Walrus.-Manis. Third order. Fera, the third order, comprehends ten genera, namely― Phoca, the Seal.-Canis, the Dog, the Wolf, the Fox, and the Hyæna.- Felis, the Lion, the Tyger, the Leopard, the Tyger-Cat, the Lynx, and the Cat.-Viverra, the Weasel, the Shunk, the Civet, the Genet, and the Fitchet.-Mustela, the Otter, the Martin, the Ferret, the Polecat, the Ermine, and the Stoat.-Ursus, the Bear, the Badger, the Racoon, and the Glutton.-Didalphis, the Opossum, Marmose, Phalanger, and the Kangaroo.-Talpa, the Mole.-Sorex, the Shrew.-Erinaceus, the Hedge-Hog. Fourth order. Glires, the fourth order, comprehends the following genera, |