two hours and twenty minutes. two hours and forty minutes... three hours.... hired to go into the country in the day time, s. d. and there discharged, additional fares are 10 to be taken for their return to the pavement 1 6 or next stand where hired, as follow: for 2010 miles, 5s. ; 8 miles, 4s. ; 6 miles, 3s., and 3 04 miles, 2s. If under 4 miles, nothing. 4 0 Coachmen are not compellable to take 6 more than four adult persons inside, and a servant out; but if they agree to take more, then 1s. in addition to the fare must be paid for each extra person; and if the coach be hired for the country, and to return, ls. for each extra person going, and ls. for his returning. 5 6 0 7 0 80 three hours and twenty minutes 90 three hours and forty minutes.. 10 6 four hours 11 0 And so on, at the rate of 6d. for any fifteen minutes further time. Cabriolets are entitled to two-thirds of the coach fares. The fares are to be taken by the hour or mile only, and not by the day. Coaches discharged after sun-set hours (viz. after 8 between Lady Day and Michaelmas, and after 5 between Michaelmas and Lady Day,) between the carriage-way pavement, or if hired at a stand beyond the same, may demand the full fare back to such extremity or standing. For coaches Hackney Coach and License Act.-The following clause was added as a rider to the act:-"And be it further enacted, that it shall be lawful for any person to require any hackney coachman to drive for a stated sum of money a distance in the discretion of such hackney coachman: and in case such coachman shall exceed the distance to which such person was entitled to be driven for such stated sum of money, the coachman shall not be entitled to demand more than the sum for which he was so engaged to drive." WATERMEN'S RATES, for a SCULLER, from JULY 31, 1828. From Chelsea-bridge, westward, to or towards Windsor, at the rate of Sixpence per half mile for Oars, and Threepence per half mile for Scullers. From Crawley's-wharf, Greenwich, eastward, to or towards Broadness-point, or Gray's, Sixpence for every half-mile. pence; exceeding one person, One Penny each. To or from ships or vessels eastward of Greenwich, after the rate of Sixpence for every half mile of distance. To or from steam or other vessels, for Over the water directly, between Wind-passengers, for one person Fourpence, exsor and Crawley's-wharf, Greenwich, (ex-ceeding one person Threepence each, incepting the Sunday ferries,) for one person each person. cluding luggage not exceeding 56lbs. for Threepence, two persons Three Halfpence each, exceeding two persons, One Penny each. To or from ships or vessels lying opposite, westward of Greenwich, for one person Two Oars Fare-Six Persons. Scullers Fare -Four Persons. No Sculler to be compellable to go below Crawley's-wharf aforesaid. 3. MEASURES OF SOLIDITY AND CAPACITY. DIVISION I.-SOLIDITY. = 1728 Cubic Inches DIVISION II. 1 Cubic Foot 1 Cubic Yard. Imperial Measure of CAPACITY for all liquids, and for all dry goods, except such as are comprised in the third Division. 4 Gills = 1. Pint 2 Pints = 4 Qts. 2 Gall. 8 Gall. 1 Quart - 691 1 Gallon = = I Peck 1 Bushel 8 Bush. = 5 Qrs. = 1 Quarter = 1 Load = 51 The four last denominations are used for dry goods only. For liquids several deviz. :--For Beer, the Firkin of 9 gallons, nominations have been heretofore adopted, the Kilderkin of 18, the Barrel of 36, the Hogshead of 54, and the Butt of 108 galls. practice. For Wine and Spirits, there These will probably continue to be used in are, the Anker, Runlet, Tierce, Hogshead, Puncheon, Pipe, Butt, and Tun; but these may be considered rather as the names of the casks in which such commodities are imported, than as expressing any definite number of gallons. It is the practice to gauge all such vessels, and to charge them according to their actual content. Flour is sold, nominally, by measure, but actually by weight, reckoned at 71b. Avoirdupois to a Gallon. The goods are to be heaped up in the form of a cone, to a height above the rim of the measure of at least of its depth. The outside diameter of Measures used for heaped goods are to be at least double the depth, consequently not less than the following dimensions: Bushel, 19 inches | Peck, 12 inches The Imperial Measures, described in the second and third Divisions, were established by Act 5, Geo. IV. c. 74. Before that time there were four different measures of capacity used in England.-1. For wine, spirits, cider, oils, milk, &c.; this was one-sixth less than the Imperial Mea. sure. 2. For malt liquor, this was part greater then the Imperial Measure. 3. For: corn, and all other dry goods not heaped, this was part less than the Imperial Measure. 4. For coals, which did not dif fer sensibly from the Imperial Measure. 33 The Imperial Gallon contains exactly | pound is less than the Avoirdupois, in the 10 lbs. Avoirdupois of pure water; conse- proportion of 14 to 17 nearly; but the Troy quently the pint will hold 141b., and the ounce is greater than the Avoirdupois, in bushel 80 lbs. the proportion of 79 to 72 nearly. The carat, used for weighing diamonds, is 3 grains. The term, however, when used to express the fineness of gold, has a relative meaning only. Every mass of gr. alloyed gold is supposed to be divided into 24 equal parts; thus the standard for coin is 22 carats fine, that is, it consists of 22 parts of pure gold, and 2 parts of alloy. What is called the new standard, used for watch cases, &c. is 18 carats fine. This weight is used in almost all commercial transactions, and in the common dealings of life. Particular weights belonging to this Division: 8 Pounds 1 Stone 14 Pounds 2 Stone 64 Tod 2 Weys 12 Sacks cwt. qr. lb. 60 Minutes 30 Degrees Used in the Wool 39 0 0 Trade. 3 I 0 90 Degrees = 1 Degree = 1 Sign = 1 Quadrant = 1 Circumference Formerly, the subdivisions were carried on by sixties; thus, the second was divided into 60 thirds, the third into 60 fourths, &e. At present, the second is more generally divided decimally into 10ths, 100ths, &c. 24 gr. The degree is frequently so divided. = 480 These are the denominations of Troy Weight when used for weighing gold, silver, and precious stones (except diamonds). But Troy Weight is also used by Apothecaries in compounding medicines, and by them the ounce is divided into 8 drams, and the dram into 3 scruples, so that the latter is equal to 20 grains. For scientific purposes the grain only is used; and sets of weights are constructed in decimal progression, from 10,000 grains downwards to of a grain. 100 By comparing the number of grains in the Avoirdupois and Troy pound and ounce respectively, it appears that the Troy TABLE TO CALCULATE WAGES AND OTHER PAYMENTS. 6 Y P. Mo. Pr. Week Pr. D. Y P. Mo. Pr. Week Pr. D. If the Wages be Guineas instead of Pounds, for each Guinea add one Penny to each Month, or one Farthing to each Week. RULE FOR CALCULATING INTEREST, at 5 per cent. Multiply the Pounds by the Days, and divide the Product by 365. The Quotient gives the Interest at 5 per cent. in Shillings., Pen, £20 Alehouse Auctioneer.. Penalty, £100 EXCISE LICENSES. Brewer of table-beer for sale, if the quantity brewed within the year Above 20, and not 50.... £1 0 0 Above 100.. Above 50, and not 100 ... ..... Brewer of any other beer for sale, if the quantity, &c. is not above 20 10,000,.... 15 20,000,. 30 0 0 7,500, 11 5 Brewer's Retail License Pen. 50 License for any person not a brewer to sell strong beer only, in casks for retailing beer, cyder, and perry, in inns, &c. if rated in inns rated at £20 and upwards... 100{ Candles - Wax or spermaceti candles ................ Chandler, or maker of other candles ..... 50 Coffee, Tea, Cocoa-Nuts, Chocolate, or Pepper.-Dealer in Glass-maker.For every glass-house Hides. For every tanner Every tawer (except of kid, sheep, and lamb-skins) 100 Every maker of vellum or parchment Maltsters. If the quantity of malt made within the year ending the 4 0 0 4 0 0 Paper. Every maker of paper, pasteboard, or scale board Printed Goods.-Every calico printer, printer, painter, or stainer of (The Licenses for retailing spirits, in Ireland, are higher.) Starch.-Every maker of starch for sale 50 Sweets or Made Wines.-Every maker of sweets or made wines for sale 50 200 60,000, Tobacco and Snuff.-Every manufacturer, if the quantity within the 50 Every dealer in or seller of tobacco or snuff Vinegar.-Maker of, for sale 100 Wine.-Dealer in foreign wine, not having an excise license for retailing spirits, or beer 50 Retailer of foreign wine, retailing beer, but not spirits... having licenses for retailing both beer and spirits 100 Wire.-Every wire-drawer 10 0 0 ....... 4 4 0 2 20 200 London: Printed by WILLIAM CLOWES, Stamford Street. FOR THE DIFFUSION OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. THE Companion to the Almanac; OR YEAR-BOOK OF GENERAL INFORMATION; FOR 1830. CONTAINING, INFORMATION CONNECTED WITH THE CALENDAR, AND EXPLANATIONS OF The Celestial Changes, AND THE NATURAL PHENOMENA OF THE YEAR. GENERAL INFORMATION ON SUBJECTS OF CHRONOLOGY, GEOGRAPHY, STATISTICS, &c. Charitable and Literary Institutions. THE LEGISLATION, STATISTICS, PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS, AND CHRONICLE OF 1829. LONDON: CHARLES KNIGHT, PALL-MALL EAST. PRICE TWO SHILLINGS AND SIXPENCE. |