Definition of Prohibitory and Expurgatory Indexes-Francus and James on the subject-Defence of the practice by Gretser, with the qualification necessary to render it just-Sources of the Censures ANGLICAN Lists of Prohibited Books, from 1520 to 1558-Ordi- nance of Leo X. in Council of Lateran-Supposed Index at Venice, 1543-Index of John della Casa, 1549-SPANISH and BELGIC Indexes from 1539 to 1550-GALLICAN Indexes from 1544 to 1551-ROMAN Indexes from 1549 to 1559-Bull in Coena Domini-Index of Paul IV., 1559, with Reprints by Vergerio and Naogeorgus in the same year-SPANISH Index of 1559-Censura Generalis, 1554 and 1562 . 15 Council of Trent-ROMAN Index of Pius IV., 1564-Rules of the Index-BELGIC Indexes from 1568 to 1570-Expurgatory Index of 1571, with Reprints, by Junius 1586, by Pappus 1599, 1609, 1611- PORTUGUEZE Indexes, Latin and Portugueze, 1581-SPANISH Index 1583, Expurgatory 1584, the latter reprinted thrice, wholly or in part, 1601, 1609, 1611—NEAPOLITAN Index, Greg. Capuccini, 1588—ROMAN Index of Sixtus V., 1590-Of Clemens VIII., 1596-EXPURGATORY Index of Brasichellen, 1607, &c.-Zobelius on that Index-Counter- SPANISH Index Prohibitory and Expurgatory, 1612-Reprint in 1619-MS. notice in a copy of the original edition in the Bodleian Library-POLISH Index, 1617-Decreta from 1601 to 1637-PORTU- GUEZE Index Prohibitory and Expurgatory, 1624-Index by Dr. Thomas James, 1627-SPANISH Index, Prohibitory and Expurgatory, 1632-Elenchus Capiferrei, 1632, 1635, 1640-SPANISH Index Prohi- bitory and Expurgatory, 1640, 1662, 1666-Reprint in 1667, with additional Decreta-ROMAN Indexes, 1664 and 1665-Pascal- GALLICAN Arret of 1685, and Censures of Jesuitic Morality and Theo- logy-Constitutiones et Decreta Apostolica, 1680-ROMAN Indexes, 1670 et seq.—Fenelon-SPANISH Index, Prohibitory and Erpurgatory, AUSTRIAN-BELGIC Index, manuscript and unpublished, prepared for the Netherlands, 1735 et seq.-Bossuet and his Exposition-Roman Indexes, 1744 and 1750-SPANISH Index, Prohibitory and Expurga- tory, 1747-ROMAN Indexes, 1758 and 1786-SWEDISH History of Prohibited Books, 1764-AUSTRIAN Indexes from 1763 to 1778- Giornale Ecclesiastico from 1785 to 1798-SPANISH Indice Ultimo, 1790, and Suplemento, 1805-Subsequent censorial operations - Present force of the Bull in Coena Domini-ROMAN Indexes, 1806 and 1819-Parisian edition, 1826; of Brussels, 1828-GALLICAN Catalogue and Arrets, 1827-Separate Decrees-Works non-con- demned by the authors and patrons of the Papal Indexes-Roman REFLEXIONS and inferences from the foregoing details-Fallacy of the attempt to destroy propositions in the index, which are yet found in the text, of an author-Pliability of the Fathers in papal hands— Principles of the Indexes still in force, and their tendency—The injury or destruction to reformed Christianity where these principles prevail and are acted upon-Confession-Inquisition-Persecution-Duty of non-papal governments to resist the claim to power of the professors of the above principles-Various sophistic reasonings in support of such claim-Creed and Oath of Pius IV.-its feudality-Fenelon-his sen- timents of Indulgences and reading the Scriptures-Real Emancipa- tion-Persecutions of Queen Mary, and Executions of Queen Elizabeth -Opinion of a R. C. secular priest, respecting the latter-Europæ AN ACCOUNT, &c. CHAPTER I. Definition of Prohibitory and Expurgatory Indexes-Francus and James on the subject-Defence of the practice by Gretser, with the qualification necessary to render it just-Sources of the Censures. AMONG the various principles and customs, more especially those of religion, which modern, and professedly Christian, Rome has adopted and perpetuated from the antient and idolatrous possessors of the great city and its empire, there is none in which the resemblance, or virtual identity, is more conspicuous, than in that policy, by which she has acquired, and by which she retains, her dominion over a great part of the civilized world. No instrument for these purposes, whether of fraud, of flattery, of terror, or of force, was ever refused or overlooked by her. Her code of government embraced all objects, and comprehended the most distant extremes, with all which occupied the intermediate space. The most selftormenting ascetic and the most voluptuous profligate were almost equal objects of her attention; and while to the tractable, submissive, and at B tached she presented every indulgence which was, or was believed to be, in her power, she had tortures and deaths of all horrors to gain, retain, or recover, those who either might be rebellious, or meditate rebellion. In short, to no power but modern Rome is equally applicable the encomium of the poet on the antient : Tu regere imperio populos, Romane, memento; Aen. vi. 852. Here is a gigantic, mysterious and long-established power, yet in existence; having indeed suffered much, and therefore the more intent upon retrieving her loss; having so far, most unexpectedly retrieved it, as, from a state of abject and imploring submission, to be put in a capacity, which she has not failed to improve, of re-erecting the two main pillars of her former domination; and, therefore, looking back, not with diminished hope, nor with inactive zeal for the future, to the bright vision of past ages, when, as the centre, or, according to her own arrogant assumption, the sun, of a mighty system, she exercised her sway over vast portions of human spirits; sending forth her energies to every and the most distant points of her dominion, and subduing to her will the entire substance and every particle of the compact, organized, and obedient mass. Such are the prospects which she cherishes, such are her aims, such her present acquisitions, and such the progressive course which she is encouraged by the late attainment of better power than that of argument to pursue; neither deficient in skill to improve her opportunities, nor negligent of any of the instruments which may forward her views. And among these, as far at least as concerns the retention of the empire, which she does, or may possess, there are few more suitable, and more effectually adapted to attain that object than the literary ones about to be examined in the present work. The books generally bearing the title of PROHIBITORY and EXPURGATORY INDEXES are catalogues of authors and works, either condemned in toto, or censured and corrected, chiefly by expunction; issuing from the church of modern Rome, and published by authority of her ruling members or societies, so empowered. It is of some importance to distinguish the titles above given, which signify things essentially different, but which are frequently confounded, both by papal and early writers, who ought to understand the subject best, and by modern ones very generally. The Prohibitory Index specifies and prohibits entire authors, or works, whether of known or of |