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condemnations of the Office of the Immaculate Conception, and of some works of la Mére Marie de Jesus, dite d' Agreda-works which, as he proceeds, instead of being condemned, are highly esteemed, at Rome; and he extracts from a brief of Paul V. a passage, in which the pontiff denies his condemnation of the office, and adds, neque enim imminuere ullo pacto voluimus Deiparæ cultum, sed potius, quoad ejus fieri poterit, augere et amplificare.

One of the small Roman Indexes was printed at Rome, 1716, according to Struvius*; 1717, according to Peignot.

One issued at Prague deserves more express notice, from the place of its publication. INDEX LIBRORUM PROHIBITORUM INNOC. XI. P. M., jussu editus usque ad Annum 1681. Eidem accedit in fine Appendix usque ad mensem Junii 1704. Juxta Exemplar Romanum Recusus Pragæ, in Aula Regia, apud Josephum Antonium. Schelhart, Archi-Episcopalem Typographum 1726. Sumptibus Pauli Lochner, Bibliopola Norimbergensis. 8vo.

There is a second Appendix to 1716. This, however, was not the first effort of Bohemian zeal in the proscription of heresy: its obedience to papal injunction took place, as we

Fischer's edition, p. 827.

have seen, in 1596; for, in the year 1568, that resolute bigot, Pius V., in a letter to the Archbishop of Prague, among other measures very urgently enforced, proceeds,-Præterea curare te oportet, ut in urbe Praga, aliisque Bohemiæ locis habeantur indices sive catalogi eorum librorum, quorum lectio prohibita fuit, ut Catholici noscant, a quibus libris abstinere debeant *.

Another of Bohemia, and more original, appeared in 1729, in 12mo. The title is-CLAVIS haeresin claudens et aperiens. The rest, translated into Latin, is, Clavis doctrinas haereticas ad intelligendam reserans, et ad extirpandum claudens: sive

* Apostolicarum Pi Quinti Pont. Max. Epistolarum Libri Quinque. Nunc primum in lucem editi operâ et curâ FRANCISCI GOUBAU. Ant. 1640. p. 96. This is a work of undoubted genuineness, and of great importance in other respects, particularly as exhibiting the unintermitted and urgent efforts of the writer, during the whole six years of his pontificate, to stimulate the French monarch, Charles IX., and his mother more especially, to the extirpation of heresy-a course of instruction from which they proved in due time that they had well profited. The authenticity of these letters is confirmed, beyond the reach of controversy, by CIACONII Vitt. Pontt., &c., ed. ult., Tom. iii., col. 1016, and more particularly by GABUTII de Vita, &c., Pii V., Romæ, fol., 1605, pp. 242, 3, who intended himself to have published them, but was prevented by death. A considerable portion indeed of these letters, translated into Italian, is appended to CATENA'S Life of Pius, in Italian. Pp. 221 et seq.

It may just be added, that Benedict XIII, by a Bull, dated Aug. 21, 1727, put restrictions upon the absence from Rome of the Consultors of the Congregation of the Index; as, from that cause, inexpert ones sometimes took the place, and performed the duty, of the regular and expert. See Bull. Mag.

Index librorum quorundam decipientium, scandalosorum, suspectorum et prohibitorum, præmissa ratione, qua libri mali et noxii inquiri et extirpari possint. Reginæ Hradecii (Koenigsgraetz). The principal books contained in it are German and Bohemian: there are but few Latin*.

* STRUVII Biblioth. ed. Jugler, pp. 1658, 9.

CHAPTER V.

AUSTRIAN-BELGIC Index, manuscript and unpublished, prepared for the Netherlands, 1735, et seq.-Bossuet and his Exposition—Roman Indexes, 1744 and 1750-SPANISH Index, Prohibitory and Erpurgatory, 1747-ROMAN Indexes, 1758 and 1786-SWEDISH History of Prohibited Books, 1764-AUSTRIAN Indexes from 1763 to 1778-Giornale Ecclesiastico from 1785 to 1798-SPANISH Indice Ultimo, 1790, and Suplemento, 1805-Subsequent censorial operations-Present force of the Bull in Coena Domini-ROMAN Indexes, 1806 and 1819-Parisian edition, 1826; of Brussels, 1828-GALLICAN Catalogue and Arrets, 1827-Separate Decrees-Works non-condemned by the authors and patrons of the Papal Indexes-Roman Liturgical books.

WE are now called upon to revisit a country to which we have long been strangers, but which took the lead with great energy and perseverance in the productions which form the subject of this volume-the Netherlands. Something like a preparation appeared in a slight and unauthorized work, just noticed, published at Namur. But more formal and resolute efforts began to be made about the time to which our chronology has brought us; and, although eventually abortive, they discover in the circumstances so much of the genuine spirit of the great power by which such efforts are animated and sustained-so much of the ambition, the encroachment, and the savage intolerance of the papal system operating by its

most congenial instruments, Inquisitions and Jesuits-that our attention, although rather extended, will be well rewarded, by directing it to the specimen about to be exhibited. The principal materials of the detail are derived from two manuscript volumes in folio in my possession, which, from the last date contained in them, appear to have been written about the year 1766. But being written in different hands, and before the whole was put into binding, portions may have been, and probably were, executed, soon after the first date, which is 1735*. The title is -CATALOGUS PRELIMINARIS donec amplior sequatur, Quorundam Librorum tum prohibitorum tum noxiorum, aut Periculosorum et Proscriptorum e BELGIO AUSTRIACO, pro Informatione ac Directione deputatorum ad Librorum examen, Censuram, approbationem, &c., nec non pro Cautela, et Regula Typographorum, Bibliopolarum, aliorumque Rei Litterariæ studiosorum, universorumque Lectorum in Belgio Austriaco. Then follows an INSTRUCTIO SUMMARIA, consisting of fourteen paragraphs of General Rules, which we shall have to recur to. The body of the Index immediately succeeds, under this title: INSTRUCTIO SPECIFICA, sive Cato

* Mr. William Baynes, Paternoster-row, of whom I purchased the MS., believes that it came from the Library of the Abbey of Tongerloo, in Brabant.

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