cherubs, who seem to be destined for inquisitors when they should grow to man's estate. Towards the bottom, on one side is a vine with a dead branch, to which an axe is applied, with the motto, that it may bring forth more fruit;' on the other is some tree half dead, with an axe at the root, and the motto, cast it into the fire :' between them is the cardinal's hat and arms. The title is rather more rancorous than usual. INDEX AUCTORUM DAMNATE MEMORIE, Tum etiam Librorum, qui vel simpliciter, vel ad expurgationem usque prohibentur, vel denique jam expurgati permittuntur. Editus auctoritate Illmi. Domini D. FERDINANDI MARTINS MASCAREGNAS Algarbiorum Episcopi, Regii status Consilarii, ac Regnorum Lusitania Inquisitoris Generalis. Et in partes tres distributus quæ proxime sequenti pagella explicate censentur. De Consilio Supremi Senatus Stæ Generalis Inquisitionis Lusitania. The Colophon is, Vlyssipone Ex officina Petri Craesbeeck, Regi Typogr. Anno DMCXXIIII. for MDCXXIIII. The Edict of the Inquisitor, in Portugueze, commands all persons, whether ecclesiastic or laic, who may possess the condemned books, within thirty days after the publication of the Index, to deliver, or signify, them, to the inquisitor of the districtoffenders render themselves subject to the greater excommunication and to be proceeded against as

of suspected faith-the same penalty awaits booksellers, or others, selling or importing the books; and the vendors of other books condemned for causes short of heresy, besides the guilt of mortal sin, become liable to severe chastisement at the discretion of the general and other inquisitorsand the licences to have, or read, prohibited books, formerly given, are revoked.

The Roman Index of CLEMENS VIII., with additions since his edition, forms the first part of this work. One of the additions, as a very remarkable one, shall be particularly noticed. Our king, James I., after the attempt of a parliamentary explosion, which was as truly papal, although all the subjects of Rome were neither concerned in it nor approved it, as her religion is idolatrous, although all her injunctions are not so, felt some security due to himself and to the country; and attempted it by an oath of fidelity, which he found occasion to defend. This did not please Rome, as appears by two successive edicts of the Master of the Sacred Palace condemning it, in the usual vindictive style, in the very year of its publication, 1609, July 23, and September 7. See the subsequent Collections of Decrees. The title of the condemned work runs thus: Apologia pro juramento fidelitatis, primum quidem anonymos, nunc, vero ab ipso Auctore Serenissimo, et poten

tissimo Principe Jacobo Dei gratia Magnæ Britanniæ, Francia, et Hiberniæ Rege, Fidei defensore, denuo edita, &c. Londini excudebat Joan. Horton, 1609*. This condemnation might have been inserted in the Spanish Index of 1612, but was not. It appears, therefore, first in the Portugueze one now before us, and in the first division. And, in order that it may not escape the attention of the reader, it occurs under the letter A, both in the second and the third class. One of its next appearances is, indeed, in the next Spanish Index of 1632, under I, JACOBUS Rex, first class, noticing some other works; and, under the second, JACOBUS Angliæ, &c., more fully. Its first appearance in a Roman Index, the ELENCHUS Capiferrei, was in the same year, under A; and it, of course, found its place in the more authentic one of 1664, and in its successors. I have been the more anxious and diffuse in detailing the circumstances of this condemnation, because the Reverend M. O'Sullivan, in his examination by the Parliamentary Committee on the State of Ireland, April 26, 1825, justly deduces from it the papal doctrine, at the time, and never since revoked, of the right of deposing kings +.

There were editions, published in the same year, in English and French-perhaps in more languages.

+ See Fourth Report of the Commons, p. 15.

M

The second part is the Portuguese Prohibitory Index. It contains a preface and fifteen Regras, peculiar, as it appears, to itself; and the body of the Index has nothing more remarkable than the insertion of one or two English books.

The third, Expurgatory, part, constitutes the bulk of the volume. The Monita to the Reader apprize him that the former censures of Lisbon, Belgium, and Spain, are adopted; and that, the present censors having performed their work rather superficially, the defect will be supplied in a future edition. They profess, that the plan of classification has been declined, and all the matter thrown under one alphabet; the condemned and Catholics, Latin and vulgar writers, being indiscriminately mingled. The body of this Index is so identical in principle, as well as contents, with the Spanish, and that principle so degraded, that even a selection of particular instances is scarcely desirable; although almost any one would afford matter of astonishment as well as of reprobation. We content ourselves, therefore, with the following. At pp. 180, 1, as well as at p. 1031, Tractatus Juris Can. in several editions, (which, from its contents, must be the Tractatus Universi Juris, printed frequently at Venice,) is largely expurgated; and yet the Taxa, though occupying a conspicuous place in the 15th volume of the edi

In this

tion of 1584, is entirely overlooked. specimen we bid farewell to Portugal; and have only to add, to her partial praise, that her sovereign, Joseph I., by a royal edict, dated April 2, 1768, prohibited every person or persons in his dominions, to print, sell, distribute, or anywise publish in them, or keep in their booksellers' shops or stalls, either the above bulls, entitled In Cana Domini, or those that served as bases to the Indices Expurgatori, artfully planned in the said year 1624, in the College of St. Anthony, of the Jesuits so called, in the city of Lisbon, under the inspection of their provincial, Balthasar Alves [Alvares]; or the above-mentioned Indices Expurgatorii; or any other bulls hereafter introduced for the prohibition of books, without having obtained the royal Beneplacitum previous to their publication;' &c.* The last sentence, however, which occurs repeatedly, is particularly to be observed, because it renders the abrogation conditional only. And it will likewise be recollected that the Inquisition,

* See Parliamentary Report of the Committee for inquiring into the Regulation of R. Catholics in Foreign Countries, 1816, Append., p. 379. The Jesuits had fallen into disgrace with the Court of Portugal, not only for their undutiful behaviour in Paraguay, but, more recently, for the higher offence of being concerned in a conspiracy against the sovereign in his own country, about the year 1760. See Hist. of the Jesuits, vol. i., pp. 346-8. This work embraces, as the title likewise announces, a Reply (and a conclusive one) to Mr. DALLAS's Jesuitic Defence of the Jesuits.