This extract is taken from an English version of the most Delectable History of Renard the Fox, one of the most popular books of the middle ages. It was written long before the invention of printing, but it is not known with certainty when it first appeared, or who the author was. He has been claimed by Germany, Holland, and Belgium. The book has been translated into many languages; and there are versions both in prose and verse. It is a story in which animals are the actors, and in the course of it, their various peculiar. ities are illustrated. The lion is king; and much of the narrative is taken up with an account of the attempts made to bring the fox before the royal court, to answer charges against him, and the tricks and devices by which he evades the several summonses. Much of its popularity was owing to the fact that it contained many satirical reflections upon kings, courts, and governments.

1. The next morning, away went Bruin the bear, in quest of Renard the fox. Passing through a dark forest where Renard had a by-path, to be used when he was hunted, he saw a high mountain, over which he must pass to go to Malepardus. Now Renard had many houses, but Malepardus was his chief and most ancient castle, and hẹ lived in it both for safety and ease.

2. When Bruin arrived, he found the gates shut. Then he knocked, and called aloud, "Sir Renard, are you at home? I am Bruin, your kinsman, whom the king hath sent to summon you to the court, to answer many grave accusations brought against you. His highness hath taken a vow, that, if you fail to obey his summons, your life shall answer for your contempt; therefore, fair kinsman, be advised by your friend, and go with me to the court.'

3. Renard, as was his custom, was lying close within the gate for the sake of the sun; and hearing these words, he departed into one of his holes; for his castle had many curious and intricate rooms, through which he could escape when danger threatened. There he mused within himself how he might counterplot and disgrace the bear, who, he knew, loved him not, and bring himself to honor.

4. At last he came forth, and said, "Dear uncle Bruin, you are exceedingly welcome; pardon my slowness in coming. He that hath sent you this long and weary journey hath done you no good service; your toil and labor do far

exceed the worth of the object. If you had not come, I should have been at the court to-morrow of my own accord ; yet I am not sorry you have come, for at this time your advice may be useful to me. I wish for your sake we were already at the court; for I fear I shall be troublesome to you on the journey; since I have abstained from eating flesh, I have taken such strange new food that I am much disordered."

5. "My dear cousin," said the bear, "what food is this which so much distempers you?" "Uncle," replied the fox, "what profit will it be for you to know? It was mean and simple food; we poor fellows are not lords, as you know; we eat that from necessity which others eat from caprice; it was honeycomb, large and full, and so good that, forced by hunger, I ate greedily."

6. "Ah," quoth Bruin, "honeycomb! Do you speak so slightingly of that? Why, it is food for the greatest emperor in the world. Fair nephew, help me to some of that honey, and I will be your slave forever." "Sure, uncle," said the fox, "you do but jest with me.' "I do not jest," replied Bruin, "for I am in such serious earnest that for one lick thereof you shall make me the most faithful of all your kindred." "Nay," said the fox, "if you be in earnest, I will show you where there is so much that ten of you shall not be able to devour it." "Not ten of us?" said the bear; "that is impossible; for if I had all the honey between Hybla* and Portugal, I could in a short time eat it up by myself."

7. "Well then, uncle," quoth the fox, "there dwelleth near here a husbandman named Lanfert, who is owner of so much honey that you could not eat it in seven years; and this I will put you in possession of." Bruin, mad for the honey, vowed that, for one good meal of it, he would not

* A place in Sicily famous for its honey.

only be Renard's faithful friend, but that he would stop the mouths of all his foes. The fox, smiling at his easy belief, said, "If you want seven tons, uncle, you shall have it." These words pleased the bear so well, and made him so merry, that he could not stand for laughing.

8. "Well," thought the fox, "this is lucky; surely I will lead him where he shall laugh to another tune." And then he said, "Uncle, we must lose no time, and I will do for your sake what I would not do for any other of my kindred." The bear gave him many thanks, and so away they went; the fox promising him as much honey as he could eat. At last they reached Lanfert's house, the sight whereof made the bear rejoice.

9. Now Lanfert was a stout carpenter, and he had brought into his yard, the day before, a large oak, which he had begun to cleave, and had driven two wedges into it, so that the cleft stood wide open. At this the fox was very glad, and with a smiling face he said to the bear, "Behold this tree; there is so much honey within that it can not be measured; try if you can get into it. But be careful of yourself, and eat moderately; for although the combs be good and sweet, yet a surfeit is dangerous, and may hurt you."

10. "No fear of that," said the bear; "I am not such a fool as not to be able to control my appetite." With that he thrust his head into the cleft, quite beyond his ears. When the fox saw this, he pulled the wedges out of the tree, so that he locked the bear fast therein, where, with his scratching and tearing, he made such a noise that Lanfert in amaze came out of his house with a sharp hook in his hand, whilst Bruin lay helpless, roaring and howling within the tree.

11. The fox, afar off, seeing the man, said mockingly to the bear, "Is the honey good, uncle? I beseech you, do not eat too much. Nice things are apt to surfeit; and it

may hinder your journey to the court if you eat too much. When Lanfert cometh, he will give you some drink to wash it down." And having said this, he went away to his own castle.

12. Lanfert, finding the bear fast in the log, ran to his neighbors, and begged them to come into his yard. "For," said he, "there is a bear fast caught there." Which being noised throughout the town, there was no man, woman, or child, but ran there; some with goads, some with staves, and some with stakes, and whatever they could lay hands on.

13. This host put Bruin in great fear, and hearing the noise come thundering about him, he dragged and pulled so hard that he got out his head, but left behind him his ears and skin, and a more wretched beast was never seen. While in this sad plight, Lanfert and all the parish fell upon him, and cudgelled him so that his life was in danger. At last he escaped from them, and leaped into the adjoining river, and so swam away. With infinite toil and pain, he made his way back to the lion's court, bitterly cursing the honey tree, and the fox that had betrayed him.

CXXVIII.-A VISIT TO THE GREAT PYRAMID.

PART I.

dan'-gle, to hang loosely; baumeln.
plat'-form, a raised level space; Erhöhung.
fa-cil'-i-tate, to make easy; erleichtern.

mum'-my, a dead body embalmed; Mumie.

1. Every visitor to Cairo makes at least one journey to the famous pyramids of Gizeh. Until within a few years there was considerable labor and fatigue connected with the trip, as it was necessary to ride there on donkeys, and the whole excursion required not less than five hours of saddle exercise. Now you ride to the pyramids in a carriage, and

you cross the Nile over an iron bridge, which is a great improvement upon the ferry boat of former days.

2. At my first visit we made up a party of twelve. We started about nine o'clock, and after crossing the river we found ourselves among the fertile fields that produce the vegetables consumed at Cairo. The fertility of the soil there exceeds that of any land I have ever seen elsewhere; the lower Mississippi with all its richness is far behind it.

3. As we drive towards them, the pyramids rise very boldly out of the horizon. When we are yet an hour's drive from their base, they seem not more than ten minutes away. A house two stories high stands at the foot of the first pyramid, and by observing what a slight speck it makes against the great mass you can form an idea of what is before you.

4. Long before we reach the pyramids our carriage is surrounded by Arabs, bent on serving us in some way, or at all events on wringing money from us. They follow the carriage at a run and have no difficulty in keeping up with us. Most of them run bare-footed and keep their clumsy shoes dangling from their hands.

5. We came to a halt on the broad open space below the Great Pyramid, and the drivers immediately removed and unharnessed their horses. The Arabs flocked around us to make bargains for the ascent; there are some thirty-five or forty that stay here to serve travelers. You pay two shillings to the chief of the tribe for the ascent and two more to go inside, and for this he furnishes you with two or more men to assist you.

6. The great Pyramid is built on a rock platform, about a hundred feet above the level of the plain below. The stones for building the pyramid came from the other side of the Nile, and were ferried over in boats to the end of a causeway that was built to facilitate their transport. The builder was Cheops, one of the kings of Memphis, who probably ruled about twenty-five hundred years before