Rhone Ribot Rhone (Latin, Rhodanus), a river to present sensible responses to the in Europe which rises in Switzerland, ear at regular proportioned distances. near the E. frontiers of the canton of In music, rhythm is the disposition of Valais, about 18 miles W. S. W. of the notes of a composition in respect the source of the Vorder-Rhein. Its of time and measure; the measured precise origin is the Rhone Glacier, beat which marks the character and 5,581 feet above the level of the sea. expression of the music. It passes through the Lake of Geneva, Riall, Sir Phineas, a British miliand enters France, flowing first S. and tary officer; born in England about then W. to the city of Lyons, where it 1769; entered the army as ensign in turns almost due S., and so continues 1794 and rose to the rank of major. till it falls into the Gulf of Lyons He was in command of a brigade in by a greater and smaller mouth, form- the West Indies in 1808-1810; became ing here an extensive delta. Its prin- colonel in 1810 and Major-General in cipal affluent is the Saone, which en- 1813; and later was ordered to Canada ters it at the city of Lyons; other to take part in the war between Great large tributaries are the Isere and Britain and the United States. He Durance. Its whole course is about was chief in command at the battles 500 miles; its drainage area is 38,000 of Chippewa and Lundy's Lane. He miles; and it is navigable for 360 was appointed governor of the Island miles. The great obstacles to naviga- of Grenada in 1816; was promoted tion and the rapid current, the shifting Lieutenant-General in 1825 and full character of the channel, and periodi- General in 1841; and was knighted in cal floods; these obstacles have to a 1833. He died in Paris, France, Nov. great extent been overcome by a10, 1851. scheme of regularization and canalization, to secure everywhere a depth of over 5 feet. By canals the navigation of the Rhone is connected with the Rhine (through the Saone), Seine, and Loire, and with the Meuse and the Belgian system. Rhubarb, a hardy perennial herb. See RHEUM. Rhus. See SUMAC; also POISON IVY. curved bones which form the walls of Rib, in anatomy, one of the long the chest. direction from the vertebræ of the back They extend in an oblique to the sternum in front. There are usually 12 on each side; but in some others only 11. The use of the ribs is rare cases 13 have been found, in to cover and defend the lungs and heart; and their articulations with the vertebræ and sternum admitting of a slight motion, they assist in respiration. Ribbon, Riband, or Ribband, a narrow woven fabric commonly of silk, used for trimming some part of woman's attire; also for badges and other decorative purposes. Ribbon Fish, known also as the oar-fish. Rhyme, more correctly Rime, in poetry, a correspondence in sound of the terminating word or syllable of one line of poetry with the terminating word or syllable of another. To constitute this correspondence in single words or in syllables it is necessary that the vowel and the final consonantal sound (if any) should be the same, or have nearly the same sound, the initial consonants being different. Rhythm, in general a measured grass with variegated leaves. succession of divisions or intervals in written composition, music, or danc-order Grossulariaceæ. ing. The rhythm of poetry is the regular succession of accent, emphasis, or voice stress; or a certain succession of long and short syllables in a Prose also has its rhythm, and the only difference between verse and prose is, that the former consists of a regular succession of similar cadences, divided by grammatical pauses and emphases into proportional clauses, so as Ribbon Grass, a species of canary verse. Ribes, in botany, a genus of the Some of the species are remarkable for their agreeable and wholesome acid fruits, and are, on this account, much cultivated in our gardens. R. grossularia is the source of numerous varieties of gooseberries. R. rubrum yields both red and white currants, and R. negrum black currants. Ribot, Alexandre Felix Joseph, a French statesman; born in St. Ricardo Omer, France, Feb. 7, 1842. He studied law in Paris, and in that city became prominent in legal and municipal affairs; in 1870, was secretary of the Bar Society; was appointed director of pardons and of criminal matters in 1875; becoming Minister of the Interior and president of the cabinet, January to March, 1893. When Faure became president, in January, 1895, M. Ribot again filled the post of premier, and held the office till October of the same year. Ricardo, David, an English political economist; born in London, England, April 19, 1772. He stands next to Adam Smith in the British freetrade school of political science, and his writings have exerted a vast influence on all theories of political economy. After making his fortune in the Stock Exchange in London, he retired to devote himself to the study of mathematics, chemistry, etc. He died in Gatcomb Park, Gloucestershire, Sept. 11, 1823. Ricciardelli, Daniele, better known by the name of Daniele da Volterra, an Italian painter; born in Volterra, Italy, in 1509. His fame rests chiefly on a series of frescoes in the church of La Trinita de' Monti, Rome; and of these the "Descent from the Cross" is well known. He died in Rome, April 4, 1566. Rice, a well known genus of grasses, having panicles of one-flowered spikelets, with two very small pointed glumes, the florets compressed, the pales strongly nerved, awned or awnless, six stamens, one germen, and two feathery stigmas. The only important species is the common rice, one of the most useful and extensively cultivated of all grains, supplying the principal food of nearly one-third of the human race. It seems to be originally a native of the East Indies, but is now cultivated in all quarters of the globe. Rice requires a moist soil, sometimes flooded. In some parts of the East canals are carried along the sides of hills for the irrigation of land for the cultivation of rice. In South Carolina rice is sown in rows in the bottom of trenches, which are about 18 inches apart; the trenches are filled with water to the depth of several inches, till the seeds germinate; then the water is drawn off, and afterward the Rice fields are again flooded for rather more than a fortnight to kill weeds. They are flooded again when the grain is near ripening. In Europe the cultivation of rice is most extensively carried on in the plains of Lombardy and in Valencia in Spain. The best of all rice known in the market for size and quality is that of South Carolina. After South Carolina the prin cipal_rice-growing States are Georgia and Louisiana. The rice production in the United States has increased Rice in 1842; entered the Union army at the beginning of the Civil War; appointed captain in 1861; and was mus tered out of service as colonel in 1865. He received a medal of honor for conspicuous bravery in the battle of Gettysburg. In 1866 he entered the regular army, rose to colonel, and was assigned to the 5th Infantry in 1870. He organized and commanded the Columbian Guards at the World's Columbian Exposition; was military attache at Tokyo, Japan; appointed InspectorGeneral, U. S. A., in 1898; served on General Miles' staff; and later was colonel of the 26th Infantry. He invented a trowel bayonet, and knifeintrenching bayonet. Died 1906. 66 Richard Rice Bunting, a name given to two distinct birds. The first, also known by the name bob-o-link,' is a bird of the bunting family, which migrates over North America from Labrador to Mexico. The song of the male is singular and pleasant. When fat their flesh becomes little inferior in flavor to that of the European ortolan. The other species, known as the rice bunting, is also known as the Java sparrow, and paddy bird. It belongs to the true finches, a group nearly allied to the buntings. It is dreaded in Southern Asia on account of the ravages it commits in the rice fields. It is frequently brought to Europe, and is found in aviaries. Rice, James, an American educaRice Paper, the produce of the tor; born in Richmond, Ky., Nov. 25, Aralia papyrifera, a low shrub, with 1842; was graduated at Georgetown large leaves, from Formosa, where it 'College, Ky., in 1866, president of is wild and abundant. The trunk oncord College in 1868-1872 and and branches resemble those of the 1876-1880; of Lebanon Female Col- elder. The pith, dried and rolled, or lege in 1872-1876; of Masonic College hammered, and pared by sharp knives, in 1880-1888; and of the Southwest forms the paper. Baptist College after 1897. Rich, Edmund, an English eccle siastic; born in Abingdon, England, about 1195. He became archbishop of Canterbury in 1233, and exhibited great energy as a reformer. He died Rice, Wallace (de Groot Cecil), an American literary critic; born in Hamilton, Canada, Nov. 10, 1859; was educated at Harvard University, and admitted to the Chicago bar in No- in 1242. vember, 1884. He served as reporter and critic on various Chicago papers. Rice, Willard Martin, an American clergyman; born in Lowville, N. Y., April 30, 1817; was graduated at Wesleyan University in 1837. He was ordained in the Presbyterian Church in 1858, and held charges in Philadelphia till 1884. He became a member of the Presbyterian Board of Publication in 1862; and after 1876 was engaged on the various publications of the Board. Died in 1904. Rice, William Morton Jackson, an American painter; born in Brooklyn, N. Y., Feb. 18, 1854; was graduated at Cornell University in 1874; studied painting in Paris. Rice, William North, an American educator; born in Marblehead, Mass., Nov. 21, 1845; was graduated at the Wesleyan University in 1865; was Professor of Geology and Natural History at the Wesleyan University in 1867-1884; and of Geology after 1884; and was assistant geologist of the United States Geological Survey in 1891-1892. Richard I., King of England, sur named Cœur de Lion; third son of King Henry II. and his wife, Eleanor of Aquitaine; born either at Oxford or at Woodstock, Sept. 8, 1157. In England Richard did not spend in all his life a full year; after he became king he spent only 26 weeks in his kingdom, 17 weeks when he landed to take the crown and to go through the coronation ceremony at Westminster, and nine weeks when he came back from his imprisonment. Richard became King of England, Duke of Normandy, and Count of Anjou on July 5, 1189, and was crowned King of England on Sept. 3, following. But he had already taken the vows of the crusader; and besides his coronation, he had another object in coming to England; he wanted to raise funds for his crusade. He effected this latter purpose in a brief space of time by selling whatever he could get a purchaser for. About midsummer 1190 he met Philip of France at the rendezvous, Vezelai in France. Both kings spent the winter in Sicily, and |