quibus requiescerent, qui victimas afferebant. he did this "for fear of [so Houb.] the king | potest etiam n, de sede intelligi, ut of Assyria." Which moved him to make a Græci Intt. kabédpas, vel de scamnis, in shorter passage into the house of the Lord, that he might flee thither instantly for safety, in case of any danger: which is not probable, because he profaned it, and shut up the doors of it. Dathe.-18 Tectum etiam sabbati, a) quod in templo ædificarant, et introitum regis exteriorem b) in templum transtulit propter regem Assyria. Dr. A. Clarke.-As the word, and a) a o ó vertunt: Tò eμéλiov tys others derived from the same root, signify kabédpas, quasi legissent, fundacovering or booths, it is very likely that this mentum sellæ, sed hoc æque obscurum. means either a sort of canopy which was Vulgatus vocabulum Hebr. retinuit: Musach erected on the sabbath days for the accom- quoque sabbati, et Syrus vertit per domum modation of the people who came to worship, sabbati. Placent præ aliis, quæ Clericus and which Ahaz took away to discourage habet: Si licet, ex antecedentibus verbis them from that worship; or a canopy under conjicere, crediderim, fuisse æneas laminas, which the king and his family reposed quibus tecta erat porticus quædam, aut area, themselves, and which he transported to in quam die sabbati convenire solebat some other place to accommodate the king populus, quas vendidit aut tradidit Ahasus of Assyria when he visited him. Jarchi Assyriorum regi, ut bases concharum et supposes that it was a sort of covert way labri ænei. that the kings of Judah had to the temple, and Ahaz had it removed lest the king of Assyria, going by that way, and seeing the sacred vessels, should covet them. If that way had been open, he might have gone by it into the temple, and have seen the sacred vessels, and so have asked them from a man Maurer.-18 in 200] Vulgo verwho was in no condition to refuse them, tunt: amovit a Jovæ æde, quod non est however unwilling he might be to give ferendum. Sensus, ni fallor, hic est: transthem up. The removing of this, whatever tulit in ædem Jova. it was, whether throne, or canopy, or covered way, cut off the communication between the king's house and the temple; and the king of Assyria would not attempt to go into that sacred place by that other passage to which the priests alone had access. Gesen. m. (r. 1) covered walk, portico, 2 Kings xvi. 18 Keri, where Che . מֵיסַךְ thibh Prof. Lee.-Lit. Covering, porch. From the house of the LORD. b) que incertum est, quid fuerit, ac præcedens. Fortasse vestibulum fuit, quod, cum ære tectum ornatumve esset, dirutum est, ut æs traderetur Assyriæ regi, aut venderetur. Simile quid fecisse legimus Hiskiam cap. xviii. 16. Ver. 19. Au. Ver.-Book of the chronicles. See notes on 1 Kings xiv. 19, p. 824. CHAP. XVII. 1. ἐν ἔτει δωδεκάτῳ τῷ Αχαζ βασιλέως Ιούδα ἐβασίλευσεν Ωσηὲ υἱὸς Ηλα ἐν Σαμαρείᾳ ἐπὶ Dathe, Maurer.-Into the house of the 'Iopaǹd évvéa ëtŋ. LORD. See below. For the king af Assyria. Houb.-For fear of the king of Assyria. Ged. In compliment to the king of Assyria. Houb.-18 Tabernaculum autem, quod pro Sabbato ædificatum fuerat, aditumque Regis exteriorem, septo conjunxit cum domo Domini, metu regis Assyriorum. Au. Ver.-1 In the twelfth year of Ahaz king of Judah began Hoshea the son of Elah to reign in Samaria over Israel nine years. In the twelfth year of Ahaz, &c. Pool.-Quest. How can this be true, seeing it is said that he reigned, or began to reign, in Israel in the twentieth year of Jotham, chap. xv. 30, which was the fourth To: Melius 7, Masoretæ, etsi hoc year of Ahaz, as was there noted? Answ. verbum quid significet, satis est incertum. He usurped the kingdom in Ahaz's fourth Videtur intelligendum tabernaculum, in quo, year; but either was not owned as king by per Sabbata, expectaretur, donec victimæ, the generality of the people, or was not quas quisque afferebat, offerri possent: accepted and established in his kingdom by the Assyrian, till Ahaz's twelfth year; or in | Achaz anno Phacee decimo septimo, et his eight first years he was only a tributary xv. 27 regnasse Phacee annos viginti. Nam prince, and the king of Assyria's viceroy; ex eo sequitur, Osee, qui interfecto Phacee, and after that time he set up for himself, regnavit, initium regnandi fecisse anno which drew the Assyrian upon him. Achaz, vel tertio absoluto, vel quarto inBp. Patrick.—In the twelfth year of Ahaz choante, non autem duodecimo, ut hic narking of Judah began Hoshea the son of Elah ratur. Eas temporum pugnas tollere Into reign.] This doth not agree with xv. 30, terpretes, ut volunt, ita non possunt, nisi where it is said he began to reign in the numeros emendant. Nos vero Clerico twentieth year of Jotham, which was the assentimur ad cap. xviii. 2 sic disputanti, fourth of Ahaz. To this Ralbag thinks it "Scio hæc conciliari a Cappello, posito sufficient to say, that till the twelfth year of duplici initio Achazi, altero regni, quo cum Ahaz he was but a servant of the king of patre regnarit, altero, quo solus rerum Assyria; nor was reputed a king, but only a summæ præfuerit, et quod sex vel septem governor under him. And so Abarbinel. annis altero serius fuerit. Verum tam facile And it is no improbable conjecture of Dr. menda quædam in numeros irrepsisse staLightfoot's, that Ahaz gave him a great deal tuere possumus, quamvis ea certo judicare of trouble after the death of Pekah, in nequeamus, quam duplicia multorum regrevenge of the slaughter he had made in norum fuisse initia, de quibus tacet scripJudah so that he kept Hoshea out of the tura." Vide præfationem de Ezechia et de throne a great while, and upon this account Osee, ubi statuimus regnasse Osee anno is called the king of Israel (2 Chron. Achaz 14 Phacee autem regnasse annis 30. xxviii. 19), as well as because he walked in the ways of those kings. Our learned Ver. 3. עָלָיו עָלָה שַׁלְמַנְאֶסֶר מֶלֶךְ אַשׁוּר chronologer Mr. Whiston thinks there was ἐπ' αὐτὸν ἀνέβη Σαλαμανασσὰρ βασιλεὺς Ασσυρίων. καὶ ἐγενήθη αὐτῷ Ωσηὲ δοῦλος, kai éréorpeyev avтą pavaá. Au. Ver.-3 Against him came up Shalmaneser king of Assyria; and Hoshea became his servant, and gave [Heb., rendered, 2 Sam. viii. 2;] him presents [or, tribute]. an interregnum, for the space of full twelve years, from the death of Jeroboam the second. Which he takes to be most probable, and almost certain, from those words of Hosea, who prophesied in that king's time: "Now (or ere long) they shall say, We have no king, because we feared not the Lord; what then should a king do to us?" Hos. x. 3 (see his Short View of the Chronology of the Old Testament, p. 48). To reign in Samaria over Israel nine 2 Kings xvii. 3, &c, Shalman, Shulmaneser, years.] viz. After his peaceable possession pr. n. of a powerful king of Assyria. Vulg. of the throne [so Pool]: for, from the time Shalmaneser. verecundus erga ignem. Presents. that he pretended to it, upon the slaughter Salmanassar. -Comp. Pers. Ged. In the second year of Ahaz, &c. Houb.-1 Anno duodecimo Achaz (regnavit Osee). Hæc temporum ratio concordat cum eo, quod narratur xviii. 1 regnasse Ezechiam anno Osee tertio, et post, ver. 9 annum Ezechiæ quartum fuisse Osee septimum. Nam cum regnaverit Achaz ante Gesen. xxxii. 14, &c. شرمان f. 1. a gift, present, Gen. 2. tribute, which was exacted from a subject nation under the milder name of a present, see Diod. Sic. i. 58. So 2 Sam. viii. 2, 6; 1 Kings v. 1 [iv. 21]; 2 Kings xvii. 4; Psalm lxxii. 10. annos sexdecim, sequitur Osee, si regnavity sacra. 3. an offering to God, a sacrifice. pas-ba-aba ben καὶ ἀνέβη ὁ βασιλεὺς ̓Ασσυρίων ἐν πάσῃ Sed idem annus duodecimus pugnat τῇ γῇ, καὶ ἀνέβη εἰς Σαμάρειαν, καὶ ἐπολιόρ cum iis, quæ supra vidimus, xvi. 1 regnasse κŋoev én' avtηv tpía erŋ. Au. Ver.-4 And the king of Assyria found | potamia which rises in Mount Masius near conspiracy in Hoshea : for he had sent mes- Râs el-'Ain, and flows into the Euphrates sengers to So king of Egypt, and brought no near Circesium, 2 Kings xvii. 6; xviii. 11; present to the king of Assyria, as he had done 1 Chron. v. 26. Arab. Khâbûr. Gr. year by year: therefore the king of Assyria shut him up, and bound him in prison. 'Aßoppas Strabo XVI. p. 748. Casaub. 5 Then the king of Assyria came up Xaßopas Ptolem. See more under ??. throughout all the land, and went up to Samaria, and besieged it three years. Pool.-4 Shut him up, &c. To wit, after he had come up against him, and taken him, with Samaria; the particular relation whereof follows in ver. 5. pp. subst. length, both of space and time, see the root ? no 2 [to be great, to be long]. Hence 1. Chebar, pr. n. of a river in Mesopotamia, called also in q. v. Gr. and Lat. Chaboras, Ez. i. 3; iii. 15, 23; x. 15, 22. 5 Then the king of Assyria. This orthography of the name approaches to Dathe, Ged., Booth. For the king of Syriasm, Syr., jan; while the form Assyria. river of Gozan, the Chaboras, 2 Kings xvii. 6. Maurer. nonnulli in plusquamper-2) imitates the Arabic. Although fecto vertunt, invita grammatica. Non est each form admits of a tolerable etymology, cur longus sim in re aperta. Reddendum (in conjoining, long river,) yet in a est: tum ascendit. Sed hoc non obstat, quo river of Mesopotamia the Aramæan would minus statuas, Hoseam demum post expug- be more likely to exhibit the genuine and natam Samariam a Salmanassare in vincula primitive orthography. conjectum esse (vs. 4). Nam quum de Hosea rege ejusque cum Egyptiis foedere scriptor exposuisset, induci facile potuit, ut Houb.-- et in Habor juxta, vel ad fluante omnia his adderet, quæ e facto isto vium Gozan. Ita versio Anglicana, by the male sano in regem mala redundarint, et river Gozan, quæ tamen non probatur Erud. tum demum de Salmanassaris in Samariam viro Thomas Stackhouse, The History, &c., p. facta expeditione narraret, ita quidem, ut, 930, cui videtur sic fuisse convertendum, and quum deberet scribere: hs., cogitando by the river Habor, in Gozan, quia non erat ipse se eo referret, unde erat egressus (vs. flumen, quod Gozan nominaretur. Sed non 4), ut fere solent Hebræorum scriptores. licet convertere 2, in Habor flumine; Veri utique similius est, Hoseam imminente quia nomen semper antecedit in Sacro hostili exercitu in Samariam se recepisse, Codice nomen fluminis proprium, neque id Ægyptiorum fretum auxilio, quam Salmaunquam subsequitur. Prætereà loco paralnassari obviam profectum in aperto campo lelo 1 Par. v. 26, legitur, 171 712m, cum eo conflixisse. et Habor, et Era, et fluvium Gozan, nomine καὶ κατῴκησεν αὐτοὺς ἐν ̓Αλαὲ καὶ ἐν ̓Αβὼρ ποταμοῖς Γωζὰν, καὶ ὄρη Μήδων. חבור non autem cum ,גון juncto cum נהר Multa nomina Sacræ Geographiæ mutata וַיְחַפְּאוּ בְנֵי-יִשְׂרָאֵל דְּבָרִים אֲשֶׁר du. Ver.-6 In the ninth year of Hoshea לֹא־לָן עַל־יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵיהֶם וַיִּבְנוּ לָהֶם the king of Assyria took Samaria, and בָּמוֹת בְּכָל־עָרֵיהֶם מִמִּגְדָּל גְוֹצְרִים them in Halah, and in Haborey the rivers carried Israel away into Assyria, and placed Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes. In Halah and in Habor, by the river Gozan. So Houb. Booth.-Habor-nahar-gozan.] I make this one name, with several modern critics. So Geddes. Gesen.— (joining together, r. 727) pr. n. Habor, i. e., Chaboras, a river of Meso VOL. II. καὶ ὅσοι ἠμφιέσαντο οἱ υἱοὶ Ἰσραὴλ λόγους, οὐχ οὕτως κατὰ κυρίου θεοῦ αὐτῶν· καὶ ᾠκοδόμησαν ἑαυτοῖς ὑψηλὰ ἐν πάσαις ταῖς πόλεσιν αὐτῶν ἀπὸ πύργου φυλασσόντων ἕως πόλεως ὀχυράς, Au. Ver.-9 And the children of Israel did secretly those things that were not right 6 F against the LORD their God, and they built | id verbum sine altero exemplo est, et à quithem high places in all their cities, from the busdam frustrà convertitur, et absconditè tower of the watchmen to the fenced city. Dathe.-9 Ausi sunt cum Jova, Deo suo, contendere a) modis plane indignis. Sacella sibi exstruxerunt in omnibus oppidis cum parvis tum magnis. b) a) Sic verto NET ex significatione tertiæ p. 635. egerunt, quasi esset idem, ac a. NiPool.-Things that were not right against mirùm quæ Isrælitæ scelera patrârant, non the Lord: this belongs, either, 1. To their erant abscondita, sed palàm facta, publigross idolatries, and other abominable prac- cæque infamiæ. Huc accedit, aliter legisse tices, which they were ashamed to own Veteres. Et Hieronymus quidem, cùm before others, compare Ezek. viii. 12. Or, interpretetur, et offenderunt, declarat se 2. To the worship of calves; and so the legisse . Chaldæus et Syrus,, words are otherwise rendered, and that et dixerunt (verba :) Legebant videlicet agreeably to the Hebrew text, they cloaked, "; nam o est proferre (sermones). or disguised, or covered things that were not Eam vero scriptionem nos credimus esse right aganist, or before, or towards the Lord, hodiernæ anteferendam, nec non germanam. i. e., they covered their idolatrous worship of the calves with fair pretences of necessity, the two kingdoms being now divided, and at enmity; and of their honest intention of serving the true God, and retaining the substance of the Jewish religion, from which they alleged that they differed only in cir- conjugationis verbi Arab.; vid. Golius cumstances of worship. From the tower of the watchmen to the fenced city; in all parts and places, both in cities and in the country; yea, in the most uninhabited and neglected parts, where few or none dwell beside the watchmen, who are left there in towers, to preserve the cattle and fruits of the earth, or to give notice of the approach of enemies. Bp. Horsley. And the children of Israel did secretly, &c. I think the passage might be thus rendered: "And the children of Israel put on things [wrapt themselves up in things, made a merit of things] which were not right towards Jehovah.' They Au. Ver.-10 And they set them up made a merit of these things, inasmuch as images [Heb., statues] and groves in every they were done under the pretence of re- high hill, and under every green tree. ligion, and of many, even of their idolatrous rites, Jehovah, in the first institution, was the ultimate object; as of the worship of the calves at Dan and Bethel. Ged. Acted insincerely; i. e., they partly retained the worship of the Lord; but blended with it idolatries of every kind. Booth. And the Israelites devised things which were not right, against the command of Jehovah, &c. Devised things.] So Michaëlis; and the following words explain what is meant. They associated the worship of idols with Jehovah. Gesen. prob. i. q. and no. 1, to cover; whence Piel, to do covertly, secretly, 2 Kings xvii. 9. So Prof. Lee. Houb.-9 Et protulerant sermones Domino Deo suo indignos, &c. NET: Magna mendi suspicio. Nam et b) Hebr. a turre custodum usque ad oppidum munitum, est dictio proverbialis. Turres intelliguntur, quæ ædificari solebant in agris ad fructus custodiendos; cf. cap. xviii. 8, ubi eadem forma loquendi. Maurer.] clam faciebant a NEDEN obtexit, operuit. Alii aliter. DÜN TİTY] construendum cum ET. High places. See notes on 1 Kings iii. 3, p. 719, 721. Ver. 10. Groves. See notes on Exod. xxxiv. 13, vol. i., p. 376. Bp. Patrick. They set them up images and groves.] The Hebrew word asherim, which we translate groves, should be rendered idols of that name, as Selden hath observed, Syntag. De Diis Syris, ii. cap. 2; where he plainly demonstrates this word doth not signify the grove, but the numen or deity placed in the grove. For how should groves "be set under every green tree?" as it is here said the asherim were. And thus Kimchi saith in the root ashur, that every wooden thing that was worshipped was called asherah. And Procopius Gazæus observes, that this word, which the LXX here translate aλon, groves, others everywhere translate 'Aσrapà0, which word, saith he, δηλοῖ τὴν ̓Αστάρτην, ̓Αφροδίτην, denotes Astarte, that is Nenus. -JT And his testimonies which he testified against them, &c. Booth.-15 And his testimonies which he Ver. 13. וַיַּעַד יְהוָה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וּבִיהוּדָה בְּיַד testified among them ; and they followed כָּל־נְבִיאֵוּ כָל־חֹזֶה לֵאמֹר .vain idols, and became vain מִדַּרְכֵּיכֶם הָרָעִים וגו' נביאי קרי ב'פעמים במילה א' שֶׁבוּ καὶ διεμαρτύρατο κύριος ἐν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ καὶ ἐν τῷ Ἰούδα καὶ ἐν χειρὶ πάντων τῶν προφητῶν αὐτοῦ παντὸς ὁρῶντος, λέγων, ἀποστρά‐ φητε ἀπὸ τῶν ὁδῶν ὑμῶν τῶν πονηρῶν, κ.τ.λ. Au. Ver.-13 Yet the LORD testified against Israel, and against Judah, by all [Heb., by the hand of all] the prophets, and by all the seers, saying, Turn ye from your evil ways, &c. And his testimonies.] Dathe agrees with the version given. Dathe.-15 Contemserunt ejus statuta et fœdus, quod cum eorum majoribus pepigerat, et doctrinam, quam ab eo acceperant. Vana idola sectantes ipsi vani facti sunt, &c. Houb.-15 Posthabuerantque statuta ejus foedusque, quod cum patribus ipsorum fecerat, admonitionesque ipsas, quibus eos obtestabatur, &c. Ver. 16. Au. V'er.-16 And they left all the commandments of the LORD their God, and made them molten images, even two calves, and made a grove, and worshipped all the host of heaven, and served Baal. Houb.-, duos vitulos. Houb.-13 : Masora, '', prophetis, quasi status esset constructus, pro absoluto, et ita duo Codices Orat. Sed obstat, quod sequitur, numero sing. Meliùs in non mutatur, sed sequenti verbo attribuitur, ut sit..., per omnem propheMasora, tam et Videntem, ut legere videtur Syrus ., lucum. Dequem vide..., revertimini; quatuor Co-, sine necessitate. buisset Masora tollere ; nam sic alibi pasdices,, plenè; sicque anteà, T, plenè, sim sine, ut et hoc loco duo Codices contestatus est, et versu 12, Dhian, vanis, non sine. Maurer.-13] Diis Ewaldus Gr. Crit. p. 295, et Hitzigius Begriff p. 127, , בְּיַד כָּל־נָבִיא וְכָל־חֹזֶה legendum ducunt quæ etiam lectio quanquam summa facilitate se com- Ver. 15. hunc : קמץ בז"ק וגו' καὶ τὰ μαρτύρια αὐτοῦ, ὅσα διεμαρτύρατο αὐτοῖς οὐκ ἐφύλαξαν, καὶ ἐπορεύθησαν ὀπίσω τῶν ματαίων, καὶ ἐματαιώθησαν, κ.τ.λ. Au. Ver. - 15 And they rejected his statutes, and his covenant that he made with their fathers, and his testimonies which he testified against them; and they followed vanity, and became vain, and went after the heathen that were round about them, concerning whom the LORD had charged them, that they should not do like them. Statutes, testimonies. See notes on Deut. vi. 20, vol. i., 667. p. καὶ διῆγον τοὺς υἱοὺς αὐτῶν καὶ τὰς θυγατέρας αὐτῶν ἐν πυρὶ, καὶ ἐμαντεύοντο μαντείας, καὶ οἰωνίζοντο· καὶ ἐπράθησαν τοῦ ποιῆσαι τὸ πονηρὸν ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς κυρίου παροργίσαι αὐτόν. Au. Ver.-17 And they caused their sons and their daughters to pass through the fire, and used divination and enchantments, and sold themselves to do evil in the sight of the LORD, to provoke him to anger. To pass through the fire. See notes on Levit. xviii. 21, vol. i., p. 458. Used divination. See notes on Deut. xviii. 10, vol. i., p. 695. |