of the twelfth, whence it is indifferently ascribed to the one or the other. Or, secondly, The one year of Ahaziah did concur with the latter half of Joram's eleventh year, and the former half of his twelfth year: and if he could not be said to begin to reign in both these years, yet he might unquestionably be said to reign in both of them; and the Heb. word, both here and chap. ix. 29, properly signifies he reigned, and not he began to reign, as it is translated. Or, thirdly, Ahaziah began to reign with his father, and during his life, according to the late examples both in Judah and Israel, there being also special occasion for it, by reason of Joram's cruel and long sickness, 2 Chron. xxi. 18, &c.; and this was in Joram's eleventh year, and then his father died, and he began his single reign in Joram's twelfth year. Ged. In the eleventh year [so Syr. and pp. ix. 29]. [Alex.] γαμβρὸς γὰρ οἴκου Αχαάβ ἐστιν. Au. Ver.-27-For he was the son in law of the house of Ahab. Ged.-For with the house of Ahab he had made affinity. Booth.-For he was related to the house of Ahab. Gesen.- m. one who marries the daughter of any one, Gr. yaμßpós.—Hence, 1. In respect to the bride, a bridegroom, spouse, Psalm xix. 6. 2. In respect to the parents, a son-in-law, Gen. xix. 12; Judg. xv. 6. 3. A relative by marriage, affinis, 2 Kings viii. 27. Two and twenty years. See notes on gilead. 2 Chron. xxii. 2. Daughter of Omri. Atqui Houb. ww, puer, puer. -su הנער Alterum Houb.-26 Athalia filia Amri. versu 18; dicta est, filia Achab. Et parum perfluit, neque id videntur legere Græci credibile est, eandem feminam, eodem in Intt. ut nec Syrus. Quòd verbò Chaldæus capite, vocari nunc filiam, Achab, nunc habet,, adolescens discipulus, filiam Amri, præsertim cum ejusmodi gene- paraphrasi utitur, ut otiosam iterationem rationes indicare soleant filium, aut filiam quomodocunque expediat. Clericus, adostrictè, non autem filium, qui sit nepos, aut lescens, prophetæ minister. Sed suprà is filiam, quæ neptis. Legendum videtur, adolescens dictus est unus esse ex filiis pro, filia Achab, filia Amri. phetarum, non autem Elisæi minister. Est Vidimus in Libro Paralipomenon similes scribendi errores. Et ut hæc verba 1, omitterentur, occasio erat in verbis N, non nihil similibus, quæ extant linea inferiori. in recto casu, propheta, de adolescente, dictum, non de Elisæo. Ita rem accepêre Græci Intt. qui, rò Taidáρiov ó пρоþýtns. puer propheta. Ver. 8. Au. Ver.-8 Against the wall. See notes on 1 Sam. xxv. 22, 467. p. אַרם : On the top of the stairs. Dr. A. Clarke.-The Chaldee, the rabbins, and several interpreters understand this of the public sun-dial; which, in those ancient times, was formed of steps like stairs, each step serving to indicate, by its shadow, one hour, or such division of time as was commonly used in that country. This dial was, no doubt, in the most public place; and upon the top of it, or on the platform on the top, would be a very proper place to set Jehu, while they blew their trumpets, and proclaimed him king. The Hebrew is the same word which is used chap. xx. 9, 10, 11, to signify the dial of Ahaz; and this was probably the very same dial on which that miracle was afterwards wrought and this dial from, to go up, ascend, was most evidently made of steps; the shadows projected on which, by a gnomon, at the different elevations of the sun, would serve to show the popular divisions of time. Ged. On the naked steps of the stairs. Gesen. m. 1. a bone, i. q. y, but rarer and only poetic. 2 The body, &c. καὶ Ἰωρὰμ αὐτὸς ἐφύλασσεν ἐν Ρεμμώθ Γαλαάδ, καὶ πᾶς Ἰσραὴλ ἀπὸ προσώπου Αζαὴλ Baσidéws Evpías. Au. Ver.-14 So Jehu the son of Jehoshaphat the son of Nimshi conspired against Joram. (Now Joram had kept Ramoth-gilead, he and all Israel, because of Hazael king of Syria.) Pool. Joram had kept Ramoth-gilead; which interpreters conclude to have been taken by Joram before this time, though the taking of it be not mentioned. This they gather, first, from the mention of the inner chamber, ver. 2, and of the top of the stairs here; secondly, from ver. 15, Let none go forth out of the city. But these arguments seem not to be cogent. And if the city was taken, why should all Israel be there to keep it, for which a strong garrison was sufficient? The words therefore may be otherwise rendered, exactly according to the Hebrew, Joram had kept, or did keep (to wit, by his army left there,) or put guards, or laid siege at, or, to, (for so the particle Au. Ver.-18 - And the watchman told, saying, The messenger came to them, but he cometh not again. 19 Then he sent out a second on horseback, which came to them and said, &c. Au. Ver.-15 But king Joram [Heb., Jehoram] was returned to be healed in Jezreel of the wounds which the Syrians had given him [Heb., smote], when he fought with Hazael king of Syria.) And Houb.-18, 19., usque ad eos. Jehu said, if it be your minds then let none Versu 20 legitur, ut legendum vigo forth nor escape [Heb., let no escaper go, detur hoc versu 18, quomodo et Chaldæus, &c.] out of the city to go to tell it in, usque ad illos. Nam omnino inusitatum. Idem dixeris de D, ver. 19, Pool. When he fought with Hazael; ad eos, cujus vera forma est DN, quàm when he came with an army, either to re- hic habent duo Codices Orat. take the city taken by Joram, or to raise the Jezreel. siege. Out of the city; from the Ver. 20. hoppe - וְהַמִּנְהָג כְּמִנְהַג יֵהוּא בֶן־נִמְשִׁי | either from within the city, or from before it, from the siege or army. Houb.-2", sed enim Joram reversus καὶ ὁ ἄγων ἦγε τὸν Ἰοὺ υἱὸν Ναμεσσὶ, : The son of Nimshi. erat, nempe relinquens apud Ramoth Galaad ὅτι ἐν παραλλαγῇ ἐγένετο. VOL. II. For he driveth furiously. Bp. Patrick. He was noted, it seems, for fierceness and eagerness in pursuing his designs. But the Chaldee paraphrast takes 6 A it quite otherwise, that “ he drove slowly; ”θανετο εἰ παντα έχοι παλως τα κατα το στραas if he would entice Joram to come out of Tоnedov. Joseph. lib. ix., cap. vi., sec. 3. In the city and meet him, having no mind to the same manner he takes this expression in engage in an assault or siege of Jezreel. جع to be vigorous, brave; one vigorous, brave, also fierce, of a camel; so the Camoos. The primary idea seems to be that of any impetuous excitement. Hithp. to be insane, to play the madman, 1 Sam. xxi. 15, 16.-Hence ram. madness, Deut. xxviii. 28; 2 Kings ix. 20. Prof. Lee.-, Madness, impetuosity. Houb.—", quia tardè iter faceret, vel duceret turmam suam. dæus,, in quiete, et Arabs, Ita Chal verses 17 and 18. And that this is the true sense of it, appears from verse 23, which seems to intimate that Jehu's reply to this salutation gave the king of Israel the first suspicion of treachery. Instead of Is it peace? therefore the English should be, Is all well? What peace? rather "How well?" Ged.-22 As soon as Joram saw Jehu, he said, "Jehu! comest thou peaceably?" Jehu answered, "How peaceably? so long as the idolatries of thy mother Jezabel and her numerous sorceries remain unpunished." Ver. 24. Au. Ver.-24 And Jehu drew a bow with 7, ad his full strength, and smote Jehoram belentitudinem. Alii, celeriter, non tam com- tween his arms, and the arrow went out at modè. Nam Jehu, si celeriter iter fecisset, his heart, and he sunk down [Heb., bowed] ante advenisset Jezrahel, quàm mitterentur in his chariot. ad eum legati duo, et quàm duo reges ei extra urbem obviam venissent. Conjectura probabili utendum. Nam in radice a non plus continetur celeritas, quàm tarditas, ex Lexicis quidem hodiernis. Ver. 21. καὶ ἐξῆλθον εἰς ἀπαντὴν Ἰού, κ.τ.λ. Horsley, Clarke, Ged.-Between his arms, i. e., between the shoulders. Houb.-24, sagitta. החץ Melius Affirmat Buxtorfius esse' Paragogicum, sed nullo alio exemplo, nec aliam ob causam, quàm quia sic legebat, cum menda hod. Codicum nollet confiteri. Ver. 25, 26. Au. Ver.-21 And they went out by 25 אֶל־בִּדְמַר שָׁלֹמֹה שָׂא went out וַיֹּאמֶר הַשְׁלִכֵהוּ בְּחֶלְקַת שְׁדֶה נָבוֹת הַיִּזְרְעֵאלִי against Jehu, and met [Heb., found] him in the portion of Naboth the Jezreelhite. Pool. Against Jehu, or, to meet [so D' ON MANY O Horsley, Ged.] Jehu. Bp. Horsley. To meet Jehu; for as yet tions. יְהוָה וגו' שלשו קרי .25 .v 25 καὶ εἶπε πρὸς Βαδεκὰρ τὸν τριστάτην : ΕΥΗ ΠΟΣ ΤΩΝ 5 2007 αυτού, Ρίψον αὐτὸν ἐν τῇ μερίδι ἀγροῦ Να καὶ ἐγένετο ὡς εἶδεν Ιωράμ τὸν Ἰοὺ, καὶ βουθαὶ τοῦ Ιεζραηλίτου, ὅτι μνημονεύω ἐγὼ εἶπεν, Ἡ εἰρήνη Ιού ; καὶ εἶπεν Ἰοὺ, Τί εἰρήνη; καὶ σὺ ἐπιβεβηκότες ἐπὶ ζεύγη ὀπίσω ̓Αχαάβ ἔτι αἱ πορνείαι Ιεζάβελ τῆς μητρός σου καὶ τὰ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ, καὶ Κύριος ἔλαβεν ἐπ' αὐτὸν φάρμακα αὐτῆς τὰ πολλά. τὸ λῆμμα τοῦτο· 26 Εἰ μὴ τὰ αἵματα Naβουθαὶ, καὶ τὰ αἵματα τῶν υἱῶν αὐτοῦ εἶδον εχθές, φησὶ Κύριος, καὶ ἀνταποδώσω αὐτῷ ἐν τῇ μερίδι ταύτῃ, φησὶ Κύριος. Au. Ver.22 And it came to pass, when Joram saw Jehu, that he said, Is it peace, Jehu? And he answered, What peace, so long as the whoredoms of thy mother Jezebel and her witchcrafts are so many. his captain, Take up, and cast him in the Bp. Horsley. Is it peace, Jehu?—vv-portion of the field of Naboth the Jezreel Au. Ver.-25 Then said Jehu to Bidkar hite: for remember how that, when I and thou rode together after Ahab his father, the Lord laid this burden upon him; 26 Surely I have seen yesterday the blood [Heb., bloods] of Naboth, and the blood of his sons, saith the Lord and I will requite thee in this plat [or, portion], saith the Lord. Now therefore take and cast him into the plat of ground, according to the word of the Lord. 25 Captain. vol. i., p. 267. For remember, how that, when I and thou rode together after Ahab. See notes on Exod. xiv. 7, Bp. Patrick. In the Hebrew the words are exactly thus: "Remember, thou and I were among those who rode two and two together after Ahab," &c. That is, he was attended by his guard, who were wont to ride in pairs, two and two, and Jehu and Bidkar rode at that time together, and heard Elijah's words. The Lord laid this burden upon him:] This punishment, which is frequently by the prophets called a burden, Isaiah xiii. 1, &c., was denounced against Ahab, and extended to his son, 1 Kings xxi. 19, where these very words are not recorded, but Elijah said more than is there set down, which Jehu well remembered. 26 Surely. - ἅρματι ἐν τῷ ἀναβαίνειν Γαὶ, ἢ ἐστιν Ιεβλαάμ καὶ ἔφυγεν εἰς Μαγεδδώ, καὶ ἀπέθανεν ἐκεῖ. Au. Ver.-27 But when Ahaziah the king of Judah saw this, he fled by the way of the garden-house. And Jehu followed after him, and said, Smite him also in the chariot. And they did so at the going up to Gur, which is by Ibleam. And he fled to Megiddo [in the kingdom of Samaria], and died there. Smite him also in the chariot. And they did so, &c. Houb., Horsley.-Read 15" 137 178 02 "smite him also; and they smote him in the chariot." ; המרכבה Ged., Booth.-Smite him also in the chariot, and they smote him in the chariot [Syr., Arab., Vulg., and equivalently LXX] at the ascent, &c. Houb.-... D1: Etiam mutilus hic contextus. Nam hæc verba, etiam hunc perculite super currum in ascensu Gaver, qui est juxta Jeblaam, quæ habent geographicam loci declarationem, non conveniunt in Jehu loquentem, conveniunt autem in Sacrum Scriptorem. Ergò legendum, vel ut Græci 8, etiam hunc; et percusserunt eum, vel cum Syro, 1377 108 02, etiam hunc percutite, et percusserunt eum, quæ scriptio posterior magis placet. Intt. Maurer.-27] “Solum manGed. 26 Saying, As surely, (saith datum commemoratur, subaudita, quæ ex eo the LORD) as I have seen the blood of facile intelligitur, mandati exsecutione." Naboth, and the blood of his sons, recently Schulz. Ita et Dathio aliisque visum est. shed here, so surely (saith the LORD) will I Equidem de hoc supplemento haud nihil requite thee, on this same spot. Therefore, ambigam. Excidisse videtur . De seq. &c. So Booth. vid. ad Jud. vi. 39. Ceterum "res sic se habere videtur. Cum Achasja versus domum in regio horto Samariæ exstructam aufugeret, cognitis Jehu insidiis currum in aliam viam deflexit, at prope Jebleam ab Jehu agmine deprehensus letale vulnus accepit, curruque relicto et equo conscenso Megiddonem fuga petiit ibique inter curandum non multo post ex vulnere mortuus est." He fled to Megiddo and died there. Pool.-Quest. How doth this agree with 2 Chron. xxii. 9, He sought Ahaziah: and they caught him, for he was hid in Samaria, slain him, &c. Answ. Either, first, Samaria is there to be understood, not of the city, but of the kingdom or territory so called, 1 Kings xiii. 32, and elsewhere, in which Megiddo was. Or, secondly, If Samaria be |