Pool.-In the third year; either, 1. From the time when he went to hide himself by the brook Cherith; six months before which time the famine might begin, though it was not yet come to extremity. And so this being in or towards the end of the third year, it makes up these three years and six months, James v. 17. Or, 2. From the time of his going to Sarepta, which probably was a year after the famine begun; see on chap. xvii. 7; and so this might be in the middle of the third year, which also makes up the three years and six months. Dr. A. Clarke.-1 After many days-in the third year.] We learn from our Lord, Luke iv. 25, that the drought which brought on the famine in Israel lasted three years and six months. St. James v. 17, gives it the same duration. Probably Elijah spent six months at the brook Cherith, and three years with the widow at Sarepta. I will send rain upon the earth.] The word haadamah should be translated the ground or the land, as it is probable that this drought did not extend beyond the land of Judea. Ver. 4. Ged., Booth. 9 But Obadiah [LXX, Syr.] said, &c. Ver. 10. Au. Ver.-10 As the LORD thy God liveth, there is no nation or kingdom, whither my lord hath not sent to seek thee: and when they said, He is not there; he took an oath of the kingdom and nation, that they found thee not. Bp. Patrick.-10 There is no nation or kingdom, whither my lord hath not sent to seek thee.] That is, to all the countries thereabout, with whom he was in league. He is not there; he took an oath of the kingdom and nation.] These words incline me to think, that he sought him only throughout all his dominions; through every tribe, which is called a nation; and every government, which is called a kingdom. For how could he take an oath of any but his own subjects? It may be said, indeed, that there might be such compacts between him and the Moabites, Edomites, Ammonites, and other neighbouring nations, that they should harbour none of his rebellious subjects: and if they required it, they should. swear they knew of none in their country. But such a treaty is so unusual, that I see no reason to suppose it. Ver. 18. — καὶ κατέκρυψεν αὐτοὺς κατὰ πεντήκοντα ἐν σπηλαίῳ, κ.τ.λ. Au. Ver.-4 For it was so, when Jezebel [Heb., Izebel] cut off the prophets of the LORD, that Obadiah took an hundred prophets, and hid them by fifty in a cave, and fed them with bread and water. Houb. 4, quinquaginta. Nos, , חמשים חמשים quinquagenos ; nam legendumn ut infrà ver. 13, ut iteratio habeat distributionem. Sic fuit manu priori scriptum in Codice uno Orat. ubi alterum Don fuit transverso calamo perperàm deletum. Ita etiam Syrus, qui pon pon, bis; ita Græci Intt. qui Karà Teντýкovтa, per quinquaginta, notatâ distributione in verbo Græco κarà. Ver. 5. Au. Ver.-5 And Ahab said unto Obadiah, Go into the land, &c. Ged., Booth.-5 And Ahab said to Obadiah, Come, let us go [LXX] through the land, &c. Ver. 9. Au. Ver.-9 And he said, &c.. VOL. II. : obyan ang abai ning njşp καὶ εἶπεν Ηλιού, οὐ διαστρέφω τὸν Ἰσραὴλ, ὅτι ἀλλ ̓ ἢ σὺ καὶ οἶκος τοῦ πατρός σου ἐν τῷ καταλιμπάνειν ὑμᾶς τὸν κύριον θεὸν ὑμῶν, καὶ ἐπορεύθης ὀπίσω τῶν Βααλίμ. Au. Ver.-18 And he answered, I have not troubled Israel; but thou, and thy father's house, in that ye have forsaken the commandments of the LORD, and thou hast followed Baalim. Houb.onaw, reliquistis et ivisti. Discordiam talem numerorum non habet Chaldæus, non Syrus, nec ipse Arabs, qui omnes legunt,, et ivistis: vide Polyglotta. ... Baalim. See notes on Judg. xi. 11, p. 166. Ver. 19. Au. Ver.-19 Now therefore send, and gather to me all Israel unto mount Carmel, and the prophets of Baal four hundred and fifty, and the prophets of the groves four hundred, which eat at Jezebel's table. 5 P Baal. See notes on Judges xi. 11, p. 1 Kings xviii. 21, how long halt or hop ye 166. Groves. vol. i., p. 376. upon two boughs [so Horsley, Clarke]? i. e., See notes on Exod. xxxiv. 13, like birds hopping backwards and forwards from one bough to the other, without settling. It does not appear that the N. ever signifies thoughts or opinions, as we render it. As a N. fem. plur. in Reg. n the same. occ. Ezek. xxxi. 6, 8. Gesen.. 1. pp. to leap, to dance. 3. To halt, to limp, to be lame, from the irregular and leaping gait; see Niph. and E. Trop. 1 Kings xviii. 21, how long Day do ye halt between two opinions? hesitate between Jehovah and Baal. So Arab. pp. to limp; Chrysost. Tepi τηv пíστiv xwλevew. Bp. Patrick. The prophets of the groves.] By the prophets of the groves (as we translate it), Mr. Selden understands the prophets of Astarte, the great goddess of the Zidonians; which he proves by comparing many places of scripture together (L. de Diis Syris, Syntag. ii., cap. 3), Maimonides hath a peculiar notion, that the prophets of Baal, and of the groves, were such as had drunk in □ the opinion of the ancient Zabii; who made i. e., images to receive the influences of the stars; golden ones for the sun, and silver ones for the moon, &c., which gave to men the gift of prophecy, and showed what was good for them. The same they said of trees; which were some under the influence of one star, some under the influence of another; and were planted in their names, and worshipped after several manners, and infused special virtues into the trees, and made men prophets. This he avers he found expressly in their books (More Nevochim, par. iii., cap. 29). Ver. 21. סְעָפִים .to divide]) plur] סָעַף .f. (r סְעָפָה divided opinions, parties; 1 Kings xviii. 21. Professor Lee. -, masc. pl. p. (a) A cleft in a rock, a cavern, Judg. xv. 8, 11; Isaiah ii. 21; lvii. 5. (b) A separation; party, sect; opinion, 1 Kings xviii. 21. (c) A branch, Isaiah xvii. 6; xxvii. 10. Houb.-Quousque claudicabitis in utrumque pedem? : הסעפים Recentiores convertunt, cogitationes, vel opiniones; qui significatus, nullo Codicum Sacrorum exemplo firmari potest. non alibi recurrit, quam hic et סעפים Nam עַד־מָתַי אַתֶּם פְּסְחִים עַל־שְׁתִּי הַפְעָפִים הפ' דגושה καὶ προσήγαγεν Ἠλιοὺ πρὸς παντας· καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς Ἠλιού, ἕως πότε ὑμεῖς χωλανεῖτε ἐπ ̓ ἀμφοτέραις ταῖς ἰγνύαις ; κ.τ.λ. Au. Ver.-21 And Elijah came unto all the people, and said, How long halt ye between two opinions [or, thoughts]? if the LORD be God, follow him: but if Baal, then follow him. And the people answered him not a word. Bishop Patrick. Halt ye between two opinions. Parkhurst..] In general, to split, divide, rive. The LXX have given nearly the idea, Isa. ii. 21, by rendering the N. 'DYD, oxiopas, clefts, from oxisw to rend, cleave. I. In Hiph. To split, rive, as a branch from a tree, occ. Isa. x. 33; where Vulg. confringet, shall break. II. As a N. masc. plur. in Reg. Do the branches of a tree, which divide off from its body. Occ. Isa. xvii. 6; xxvii. 10. And so with Mr. Bate we may understand Ps. cxix. 113, ubi opiniones nihil medullæ -nihil sig סחפים quia,סעפים fieret, סחפים ex nificabat, litterâ vocabuli DDD, suo loco jam dimotâ. Ver. 24. Au. Ver.-24 And call ye on the name of your gods, and I will call on the name of the LORD: &c. The LORD. Ged. The LORD, my God [LXX, Syr.]. atque adeo altitudinem habebant talem, Contemtim utitur καὶ διέτρεχον ἐπὶ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου, οὗ scriptor hoc verbo de saltu sacrificulorum ἐποίησαν. Au. Ver.-26 And they took the bullock Baalis. Ver. 27. תק' רפי and called on the name of Baal from morn- Pool.-Upon the altar; or, over the altar; which might easily be done, the altar being low, and suddenly made for the present use. Or rather, beside (as the Hebrew (al) oft signifies) the altar; or, before it. καὶ ἐγένετο μεσημβρία, καὶ ἐμυκτήρισεν αὐτοὺς Ἠλιοὺ ὁ Θεσβίτης, καὶ εἶπεν, ἐπικαλεῖσθε ἐν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ, ὅτι θεός ἐστιν, ὅτι αδολεσχία αὐτῷ ἐστί, καὶ ἅμα μή ποτε χρηματίζει αὐτὸς, ἢ μή ποτε καθεύδει αὐτὸς, καὶ avaσrýσetaι. Au. Ver.-27 And it came to pass at noon, that Elijah mocked them, and said, Cry aloud [Heb., with a great voice]: for he is a god; either he is talking [or, he Which was made, Heb., which he made; either, first, Elijah; which some think was already made, though the making of it be not mentioned till afterwards, ver. 31, and that it was their design, by leaping upon his altar, to overthrow it. Or rather, secondly, meditateth], or he is pursuing [Heb., hath Ahab on their behalf; or any other person; that being only a Hebraism, the third person active being put for the passive verb, as our translators well render it. Gesen.-. Piel to leap, to dance; so the priests of Baal, 1 Kings xviii. 26 they danced at (around) the altar which was made; Sept. diéтpexov, Targ. en insaniebant, which Kimchi explains, "they danced after their manner." Dancing was customary at some sacrifices; see 2 Sam. vi. 16. a pursuit], or he is in a journey, or peradventure he sleepeth, and must be awaked. For he is a god. Dr. A. Clarke. He is the supreme God, you worship him as such, he must needs be such, and no doubt jealous of his own honour and the credit of his votaries! A strong irony. Either he is talking, or he is pursuing. Bp. Horsley. Rather, either he is in deep thought, or he is absent. absent,, absent in thought. Professor Lee. Gesen. -. Pih. pres. E. I. m. (r. I to talk) Probably, leaped about [so Patrick, Clarke, 1. Speech, discourse, 1 Kings ix. 11. So Dathe, Ged., Booth.], in a frantic manner, perh. in irony of Baal, 1 Kings xviii. 27, on or by the altar; this being, apparently, he is talking with some one; or perh. their manner of expressing their earnestness he is meditating, is in a brown study, so that in calling upon Baal, 1 Kings xviii. 26. he does not hear; see the root lett. c. [to Houb.-Intereà ad altare, quod fecerant, talk with oneself, i. e., to meditate]. inambulabant. first is more certain. -quod fece, אשר עשו,Lege : אשר עשה 26 The ip m. (r. D) a withdrawing; 1 Kings rant; sic lego in Codice uno Orat. sicque xviii. 27 he has withdrawn himself, sc. omnes veteres, præter unum Chaldæum, cui into his private apartments. Judæi Scribæ sæpe obtemperant, ut menda Prof. Lee.-. Shooting forth, uttering. transcribant. Cæterum verbum " con- (a) A plant, bush. (b) Speech, message, vertimus, inambulabant, non autem saltabant, business. (c) A complaint. (d) Sorrow. ut recentiores; is enim significatus nullam (b) 1 Kings xviii. 27; 2 Kings ix. 11. habet Sacris ex Codicibus autoritatem. . Probably Retirement, 1 K. xviii. 27. Prætereà vix credibile est tot prophetas Vulg. in diversorio est. Baal potuisse altare, quod fecerant, saltu Houb.-...: Arias, aut qui insetransilire, ut plerique putant. Talia enim cutio ei, quem cæteri novi Interpretes sealtaria conspici longo intervallo poterant, quuntur, quasi ex radice, attingere: neque incommodum Clerico videtur. Nobis trench about the altar, as great as would contrà nihil minùs quàm commoda videtur contain two measures of seed. ista insecutio, ubi non additur, cujus, aut quorum sit insecutio, seu quinam illi sint, quos Baal persequatur. Nec alibi recurrit 2, nomen substantivum. Vulgatus, in diversorio, quasi ex radice ', sedere. Nos deducimus , ex, aberrare, dicente Eliâ, fortè esse ipsorum Deo Baal mentis aberrationem, ut non audiat Sacerdotum suorum clamores et preces. Maurer.-] sc : nam sermo, confabulatio ipsi est. Alii: res, negotium ipsi est (cf. verbum, res), alii: meditatio ipsi est (cf. meditari), alii: ambulatio ipsi est (coll. med. Je obambulare). Sed Dr. A. Clarke.-They prophesied] They made incessant prayer and supplication; a farther proof that to pray or supplicate is the proper ideal meaning of the word 2, which we constantly translate to prophesy, when even all the circumstances of the time and place are against such a meaning. Houb.-Bacchabantur. Ged.-30 He then repaired, &c. This, in the Greek version, is placed after in the name of the Lord, ver. 32, but not entirely. If the words be there inserted the translation will run thus: And Elias took twelve stones, according to the number of the twelve tribes of the sons of Israel, &c., and with the stones he builded an altar in the name of the Lord; repairing the altar that had been demolished. This to some will probably seem a better order than the present. 31 Sons of Jacob. Ged.-Sons of Israel [LXX and nine MSS.J. 32 Measures. Ver. 36, 37. Dathe.—Violentis motibus se jactabant. vấn nopeŋ nibya (36 Maurer.-Et insaniebant. Au. Ver.-30 And Elijah said unto all in any pos the people, Come near unto me. repaired the altar of the LORD that was broken down. cording to the number of the tribes of the sons of Jacob, unto whom the word of the LORD came, saying, Israel shall be thy name: 32 And with the stones he built an altar in the name of the LoRD: and he made a 36 καὶ ἀνεβόησεν Ἠλιοὺ εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν, καὶ εἶπε, κύριε ὁ θεὸς ̔Αβραὰμ καὶ Ἰσαὰκ καὶ Ἰσραὴλ, ἐπάκουσόν μου κύριε, ἐπάκουσόν μου .36 .v יתיר י' Houb.—44 m, septies. Quinque Co σήμερον ἐν πυρὶ, καὶ γνώτωσαν πᾶς ὁ λαὸς μου, καὶ γνώτω ὁ λαὸς οὗτος, ὅτι σὺ εἰ κύριος ἐγερση τούτου ὀπίσω. Ver. 45. רגן καὶ ἐγένετο ἕως ὧδε καὶ ὧδε, καὶ ὁ οὐρανὸς συνεσκότασε νεφέλαις, καὶ πνεύματι, καὶ éyéveto veròs péyas, k.t.λ. Au. Ver.-45 And it came to pass in the meanwhile, that the heaven was black with clouds and wind, and there was a great rain. And Ahab rode, and went to Jezreel. Au. Ver.-36 And it came to pass at the time of the offering of the evening sacrifice, that Elijah the prophet came near, and said, LORD God of Abraham, Isaac, and of Israel, let it be known this day that thou art God in Israel, and that I am thy servant, and that I have done all these things at thy word. 37 Hear me, O LORD, hear me; that this people may know that thou art the LORD God, and that thou hast turned their heart Bp. Horsley.-Rather, And it came to back again. Ged.-36 And said. LXX read "and pass that in every quarter the skies grew called toward the heavens." Let it be known. LXX read, Hear me, O LORD, hear me, to-day, by fire: let all this people know, that thou art the LORD, the God of Israel; and that I, thy minister, have, through thee, done all these things: Hear me, O LORD! hear me: and let this people know that thou art the LORD-GOD, who hath converted the hearts of this people." Such is the reading and arrangement of the LXX, at least, of equal probability with the present. Pool. That thou hast turned their heart: that they may feel so powerful and sudden a change in their hearts, that they may know it is thy work, and the effect of thy grace to them, and in them. Or, when thou hast turned, &c., or, because thou, &c. So the particle vau is oft used; and the sense is, That they may know thee to be the true God, by the effects of thy Divine power, in converting their hearts, and that in so miraculous a way, and in answer to my prayers. Houb.-40, et descendere eos fecit. Unus Codex Orat. D, plenè; sic alibi sæpè hod. Codices in verbo T vocis Hiphil, quanquam hod. Impressa sæpe deficienter. And it came to pass in the meanwhile. So Gesen. black [with] clouds and wind. Houbigant proposes a transposition of the words, which seems unnecessary. Gesen.- 3 Partic. of time, now; until now, hitherto, Ex. vii. 16; Joshua xvii. 14. till now and till then, meanwhile, 1 Kings in the meantime, xviii. 45. Houb.-45 Deinde extiterunt undique nubes ac venti, cœlumque obscuratum est, et plurimi imbres extiterunt. Achab, conscenso curru, ad Jezrahel iter fecit. et fuit usque huc et, ויהי עד כה ועד כה 45 Hæc Arias, nihil dicens; nec usque illuc. cæteri Intt. animadvertêre ordinem fuisse nubes turbatum. Nam duo verba Day, et ventus, nihil habent, ubi sunt, quod Nimirùm, regant, aut à quo regantur. postquàm dictum est, cœli obscurati sunt, non jam pertinere possunt nubes et ventus ad verbum, quod in versu primum est. Verus ordo est, m, et fuerunt , והתקדרו השמים nubes et ventus, ut sequatur Veteres alii aliud et cœli obscurati sunt. , עד כה ועד כה qui convertunt quam id sine exemplo est. interim quan Maurer.] liberius redde: dum manum huc et illuc vertas h. e. citius quam manum vertas. "Scriptor divinus id agit ut indicet, brevissimo interjecto temporis spatio imbrem decidisse; quæ quidem illarum particularum interpretatio e gestu manum cito huc et illuc vertentis petenda videtur; nigruit cœlum nubibus et vento, dum manum vertas s. citius quam manum vertas." Schäfer |