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reat, cur deinde viros Juda sic David allo- | citus loco Joabi, pro Joabo. Ita plerique. quatur; quare novissimi eritis ad reducendum Obloquitur Schulzius, “si vel maxime, inregem? Non potuit enim David cum Juda quiens, meritorum Joabi in hoc bello gratiam sic expostulare, nisi norat cæteras tribus in regis animo extinxisset recordatio filii a consilium cepisse de reducendo ad se rege; Joabo cæsi, tamen nec prudens nec salutare ut necesse sit a Sacro Scriptore antea fuisse fuisset, Amasam præferre fortissimo viro, narratum, hos Israel sermones, qui superiori | Joabo, qui etiam cap. xx. 6, 7 ut summus versu memorantur, regis ad aures per- imperator occurrit. Rectissime igitur Mivenisse. chaëlis consentiente Hezelio vertit: secundus 12 D', vos fratres mei estis. Hæc a Joabo imperator esto. Cf. Num. v. 20.” etiam verba alieno in ordine nunc leguntur. Sed ex nefando facinore, quod Joabus, Nam consuetudo est, ut ejusmodi compellatio xx. 8 sqq. admittit, clarissime patet, cum faciat initium sermoni, non autem ut ser- capitali in Amasam odio flagrasse, cujus monem jam coeptum vel abrumpat, vel causa manifesto in eo quærenda est, quod absolvat; ut videre licet versu subsequente. Davides Amasæ promiserat, se velle, quamItaque recte apud Syrum his verbis inchoatur diu vixerit, eum in locum Joabi ducem ad populum sermo regis, etsi quædam Syrus non omittenda omisit. Hæc verba igitur, fratres mei estis, &c., in mandatis David ad sacerdotes factis primum locum tenere debent hoc modo: loquimini hæc ad senes Juda; fratres mei, os meum vos et caro mea estis; quare igitur postremi estis ad reducendum regem in domum suam, quæ quidem verba ultima, quare igitur, &c., cum bis legantur Hod. in codicibus, semel legi satis est, ut hæc semel tantum exhibet Syrus. Adi ad Veteres; videbis hunc versum alio atque alio modo lectum fuisse in Hebr. ipsorum codicibus, Græcos addere quædam, quæ nunc absunt; Syrum omittere multa, partim superflua, partim etiam, ut mox diximus, non omittenda.

Heb., 14; Au. Ver., 13.

exercitus constituere. Nam quod Schulzius ad xx. 10 dicit, Joabum Amasæ forsan plurimum gratia apud multitudinem valentis honori invidisse, cæsoque æmulo se magis gratiosum apud regem fore existimasse, id sibi commentus est vir bonus.

Ver. 14.

Au. Ver.-14 And he bowed the heart of

all the men of Judah, even as the heart of one man; so that they sent this word unto the king, Return thou, and all thy servants. Return.

Houb.-14 Thon be inbon, Et miserunt Omnes veteres, præter ad regem, revertere. Chaldæum, supplent,, dicentes, vel , et dixerunt, quod ni suppletur, manca erit series.

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kaì tập ’Aμeσoaï ¿peîte, ovxì bσTour μoven nibybı aben many tab καὶ σάρξ μου σύ; καὶ νῦν τάδε ποιήσαι μοι ὁ ποπ και της Νήσης ροφή τ θεὸς καὶ τάδε προσθείη, εἰ μὴ ἄρχων δυνάμεως ἔσῃ ἐνώπιον ἐμοῦ πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας ἀντὶ 'Iwáß.

בְּעָבְרְוֹ בַּיַּרְדֵּן : .19 .ver בעיניו ק'

Au. Ver.-13 And say ye to Amasa, Art 17 καὶ χίλιοι ἄνδρες μετ ̓ αὐτοῦ ἐκ τοῦ thou not of my bone, and of my flesh? God Βενιαμὶν, καὶ Σιβὰ τὸ παιδάριον τοῦ οἶκου do so to me, and more also, if thou be not Σαοὺλ, καὶ πεντεκαίδεκα υἱοὶ αὐτοῦ μετ ̓ αὐτοῦ, captain of the host before me continually in καὶ εἴκοσι δοῦλοι αὐτοῦ μετ ̓ αὐτοῦ· καὶ κατεύ the room of Joab. θυναν τὸν Ἰορδάνην ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ βασιλέως, 18 kai éλeiroúpynσav Tηv λeιTovрyíav TOÛ διαβιβάσαι τὸν βασιλέα· καὶ διέβη ἡ διάβασις τοῦ ἐξεγεῖραι τὸν οἶκον τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ τοῦ Maurer. Α ] Dux exer- ποιῆσαι τὸ εὐθὲς ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς αὐτοῦ· καὶ

Houb.-13 : Legen, dicetis;

, אמר verbum א nunquam privatur suo

In the room of Joab.

Σεμεί υἱὸς Γηρὰ ἔπεσεν ἐπὶ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ ἐνώπιον τοῦ βασιλέως, διαβαίνοντος αὐτοῦ τὸν Ἰορδάνην.

Au. Ver.-17 And there were a thousand men of Benjamin with him, and Ziba the servant of the house of Saul, and his fifteen sons and his twenty servants with him; and they went over Jordan before the king.

18 And there went over a ferry boat to carry over the king's houshold, and to do what he thought good [Heb., the good in his eyes]. And Shimei the son of Gera fell down before the king, as he was come over Jordan.

Pool.-18 A ferry boat, made by the men of Judah for the king's proper use; besides which there were doubtless many boats ready for the use of others. As he was come over Jordan, or rather, as he was passing, or about to pass, over Jordan; but this was beyond Jordan: for as he went over Jordan to the king, ver. 17, so doubtless he fell down before him at his first coming into his presence there.

Bp. Patrick.-18 A ferry boat.] Pre

proper place. I have used a term appli cable to both interpretations.

18 And were very serviceable in bringing, &c. I have followed the reading of Sept., which I am persuaded was that of the original Hebrew. The present text has been rendered: And a ferry boat went over to bring, &c., without any authority, I think, but merely to save the credit of a corrupted text.

Booth.-17 And these went over the Jordan, before the king: 18 And performed the service of bringing over the king's household, and in doing what he thought good. And Shimei, the son of Gera, fell down before the king, when he had come over the Jordan.

18 And performed the service.] The common version here, is unsupported either by the sense of the present text or any of the versions. The Sept. and Syr. are followed.

Prof. Lee.-, f. once, 2 Sam. xix. 19, LXX, kaì diéßŋ, K.T.λ. Vulg., transierunt vada ut traducerent domum regis. Syr.,

pared, as many suppose, by the men of A popase passo opaso

Judah. Josephus will have it a bridge; composed, perhaps, of many boats joined together.

Bp. Horsley. And there went over a ferry-boat; rather, And a bridge of boats [] was thrown across, to make a passage for the king's houshold. and to do what he thought good. These words seem to be out of their place. I think they should be

carried back to the end of verse 15.

Dr. A. Clarke.-18 There went over a ferry boat.] This is the first mention of anything of the kind. Some think a bridge or raft is what is here intended.

Ged.-17 And, &c. Also Zibah, the domestic of Saul, with his fifteen sons and his twenty servants. These last facilitated the king's passage over the Jordan, (18) and were very serviceable in bringing over the king's household, and in doing whatever else was agreeable to him, &c.

so,

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"et pararunt vada, ut traducerent familiam regis." Either, a raft, or boat [so Gesen., ferry-boat], for crossing the river, or the passage, or ford, of the river. The nominative of the verb in this case being the thousand Benjamites.

Dathe.-18 Alii transierunt, ut regis familiam traducerent, et quæ huic opus essent, curarent. Cum rex Jordanum transiret, &c.

Houb.-18 Et cum transitum parassent, ut regis domum transmitterent, regique deinde ad nutum obsequerentur, Semei filius Gera, dum rex Jordanem transibat, coram eo se abjecit, dixitque.

18: Arias, et transivit Scapha, quem multi imitantur, quanquam satis absurdum est, una in scapha transitum fieri et regis et cæterorum, qui regem comitabantur: nam quantæ id fuisset mora! Itaque non 17 These last, &c. I refer this to Zibah sic veteres. Nam Syrus prom, legit and his servants, for reasons that appear to, et fecerunt; ita etiam Græci Intt. Xelme just. Tоúpynσav, ministrarunt. Etiam Syrus 7, Ib. Facilitated the king's passage, &c., opus, prom, transitum; nec aliter Græci lit., made the Jordan easy before the king. Intt. λetrovpyíav, ministerium. Nos utramJosephus and some of the antient trans-que hanc scripturam amplectimur,

ut

-et fece, ויעבדו העברה להעביר את בית המלך lators understood this of throwing a bridge | sit

over it. Jerom supposes that they only runt quæ opus erant ad trajiciendum domum forded it before him; and pointed out the regis.

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Au. Ver.-20 For thy servant doth know that I have sinned: therefore, behold, I am come the first this day of all the house of Joseph to go down to meet my lord the king. Pool. Of all the house of Joseph. Object. He was a Benjamite, chap. xvi. 5. How then doth he make himself out of the house

of Joseph? Answ. The house of Joseph is here put, either, 1. For the ten tribes, which are oft distinguished from Judah, and then they are called the house of Joseph, as Zech. x. 6. But this distinction was not made before the division of the people into two kingdoms; and even after that division Benjamin was constantly reckoned with Judah, and not with Joseph or Ephraim. Or, 2. For all the tribes of Israel, who are called the children of Joseph, Psal. lxxvii. 15; compare Psal. lxxx. 1; lxxxi. 5; as well

Bp. Patrick.-I am come the first this day, &c.] He was not properly of the house of Joseph, but of a tribe near of kin to it: so that at this time, it seems, they looked upon themselves as members of the same body; being descended from the same mother; and they continued so till the kingdom was rent. For Benjamin is placed between Ephraim and Manasseh (the two sons of Joseph) in Ps. lxxx. 2, and they marched under the same standard, Numb. ii. 18, 19, &c.

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num hodie morti dabitur (homo) ut legit Vulgatus. Nam huic loco interrogatio est omnino necessaria; quam quidem suppleri, litterâ iteratâ, compendiosius est, quam addere negationem, quod fecêre Græci Intt.,Syrus, et Arabs.

Heb., 25, 26; LXX, Au. Ver., 24, 25.

25

Then

וּמְפְבֹשֶׁת בֶּן־שָׁאוּל יָרַד לִקְרַאת they might, not only because of Joseph רַגְלָיו וְלֹא־עָשָׂה eminency (the most eminent persons and הַמֶּלֶךְ וְלֹא־עָשָׂה שְׂפָמוֹ וְאֶת־בְּנָדָיו לֹא כְבֶּס לְמִן־הַיּוֹם things being oft put for the rest of the לֶכֶת הַמֶּלֶךְ עַד־הַיּוֹם אֲשֶׁר־בָּא וַיְהִי כִּי־בָא בְשָׁלוֹם : לִקְרַאת הַמֶּלֶךְ וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ הַמֶּלֶךְ וגו

kind), and because the rights of primogeni-
ture were in a great part devolved upon
him, 1 Chron. v. 1; but also because 26
Joseph had been as a father to them, and
had nourished them all like children, as is
expressed in the Hebrew text, Gen. xlvii. 12.
But in this sense this was not true, for the
house of Judah came before him, ver. 15.
Or rather, 3. For all the tribes except
Judah, which are conveniently called the
house of Joseph for the reasons now men-
tioned, and are ftly distinguished from
Judah, because the rights of the first-born
were divided between Judah and Joseph,
1 Chron. v. 2. And though Benjamin,
after the division of the kingdoms, was fitly
joined with Judah, because then they ad-
hered to that tribe; yet before that time it
was more conveniently joined with Joseph,
because they marched under the standard of
the house of Joseph, or of Ephraim, Numb.
x. 22-24; whence it is that Ephraim,
Benjamin, and Manasseh are put together,
Psal. lxxx. 2.

24 καὶ Μεμφιβοσθὲ υἱὸς υἱοῦ Σαοὺλ κατέβη εἰς ἀπαντὴν τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ οὐκ ἐθεράπευσε τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ, οὐδὲ ὠνυχίσατο, οὐδὲ ἐποίησε τὸν μύστακα αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἀπέπλυνεν ἀπὸ τῆς ἡμέρας, ἧς ἀπῆλθεν ὁ βασιλεὺς, ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας, ἧς αὐτὸς παρεγένετο ἐν εἰρήνῃ. 25 καὶ ἐγένετο ὅτε εἰσῆλθεν εἰς Ἱερουσαλὴμ εἰς ἀπάντησιν τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ ὁ βασιλεὺς, κ.τ.λ.

Au. Ver.-24 And Mephibosheth the son of Saul came down to meet the king, and had neither dressed his feet, nor trimmed his beard, nor washed his clothes, from the day the king departed until the day he came again in peace.

25 And it came to pass, when he was come to Jerusalem to meet the king, that the king said unto him, Wherefore wentest not thou with me, Mephibosheth?

Pool.-24 The son of Saul, i. e., the grand- | regi obviam, sed, cum veniret, ex son, 2 Sam. ix. 3, 6. Hierosolyma. Nam Hierosolymæ antea Houb.—24 h ja, Miphibosheth perpetuo Mephibosethus vixerat, cap. ix. 13, autem, filius Saülis. Nihil addimus ad contextum, quanquam videtur olim scriptum fuisse, rp, filius Jonathæ, filii Saulis, ut legit Syrus.

When he was come to Jerusalem.

coll. xvi. 3, ergo non opus erat, ut se eo conferret ad regem salutandum. Neque in toto hoc capite sermo est de introitu Davidis Hierosolymæ, de quo in sequenti capite exponitur; sed de eo, quod factum sit ad Pool. When he was come to Jerusalem; Jordanum, qui fuerint illi, qui eo venerint ad so it is supposed, that Mephibosheth, though regi felicem reditum gratulandum, atque in he went to meet the king, wanted either his etiam erat Mephibosethus. Fateor, courage or fit opportunity to speak to the nullum interpretum antiquiorum legisse king till he came to Jerusalem, because of . Sed sic necessitate coactus refero the great multitudes that addressed them- hunc errorem ad eos, qui in his libris sunt selves to the king by the way. Though it perantiqui, et cujus generis jam alios nonmight more reasonably be thought that he nullos habuimus. — Michaëlis quidem alia could not go from Jerusalem to meet the ratione hanc difficultatem removere tentavit, king, as others did, because he wanted con- dum verbum activum per velle explicat: veniences for his journey; for Ziba had voluisse Mephibosethum obviam ire regi, sed gotten all his lands and goods, chap. xvi. 4, eum tam diu esse cunctatum, ut regem tanand it is not likely that he, who would not dem Hierosolymæ conveniret. Cui expliprovide him an ass to ride on, or to ac- cationi contextus non favet, qui, uti supra company the king at his departure, would jam observavimus, ea tantum narrat, quæ now be hasty to furnish him with one to ad Jordanum evenerint, antequam David meet the king, to whom he knew he would Hierosolymam rediret. complain of him. But the words may seem to be better rendered thus, when he went (for so the Hebrew verb signifies, Ruth iii. 7; Jonah i. 3) from (which preposition is oft understood) Jerusalem; for there he was, chap. xvi. 3; and having continued there, as probably he did (because he wanted an ass to convey him elsewhere, and knew not where to be with more safety), he could not properly nor truly be said to have come thither to meet the king.

Dathe, Ged., Booth.-25 And when he had come from Jerusalem to meet the king,

&c.

From Jerusalem. The word from, is not in the present text, nor in any antient version but a single letter was easily dropped: and the context requires from, not to.Ged.

Dathe.-24 Tum quoque Mephibosethus, Sauli nepos, regi obviam venit a). (Is post regis discessum usque ad felicem ejus reditum neque pedes, neque barbam curaverat, neque vestes abluerat.) 25 Cui Hierosolyma obviam venienti rex dixit: Cur me non comitatus es, Mephibosethe?

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Scilicet tam diu cunctatus esse videtur Mephibosethus, ut regem tandem Hierosolymis conveniret. Cui explicationi etiam Michaëlis et Schulzius calculum suum adjecerunt. Dathius vero quo minus locum ita expediamus obstare dicit narrationis contextum. "Neque enim in toto hoc capite sermonem esse de introitu Davidis Hierosolymis, de quo in sequenti cap. exponatur, sed de eo, quod factum sit ad Jordanum, qui fuerint illi, qui eo venerint ad regi felicem reditum gratulandum, atque in his etiam fuisse Mephibosethum." Legendum igitur esse pp. Fateri quidem se, nullum interpretum antiquiorum ita legisse; sed sic necessitate coactum referre se hunc errorem ad eos, qui in his libris sint perantiqui. Verum vero jam alio loco monuimus, scriptores sacros haud raro neglectis temporum rationibus ea conjungere et semel complecti, quæ pertinent ad eundem aliquem sive hominem sive rem.

Heb., 27; LXX, Au. Ver., 26.

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cum ita sint, in sequenti versu non legi potest cum veniret, Hierosolymam

:

καὶ εἶπε πρὸς αὐτὸν Μεμφιβοσθέ, κύριε μου

Or, 2.

βασιλεῦ, ὁ δοῦλός μου παρελογίσατό με, ὅτι And to this the following words may well εἶπεν ὁ παῖς σου αὐτῷ, ἐπίσαξόν μοι τὴν ὄνον enough be accommodated. Yea, let him καὶ ἐπιβῶ ἐπ ̓ αὐτὴν καὶ πορεύσομαι μετὰ τοῦ take all, to wit, to his own sole use. βασιλέως, ὅτι χωλὸς ὁ δοῦλός σου. The right and profits of the land shall be Au. Ver.-26 And he answered, My equally divided between you. It seems a lord, O king, my servant deceived me: for very rash and harsh sentence, and very thy servant said, I will saddle me an ass, unbecoming David's wisdom, and justice, that I may ride thereon, and go to the king; and gratitude to Jonathan ;" and Ziba seems because thy servant is lame. to have deserved death for falsely accusing his master of treason, rather than a recom

me.

I will saddle me an ass. Ged., Booth.-Let an ass be saddled for pense. But the whole transaction of the matter is not here set down. Possibly Ziba Houb.-26, Sternam. Legen, might bring plausible pretences to justify his sterne, ut legunt omnes veteres, præter unum accusation. So that David might really be at Chaldæum...., Asinum, ut a loss what to determine. And Ziba had given eum ascenderem. Nihil grammatici repre- proof of his affections to David by an act of hendunt in illo generis feminini, cum kindness which could not be without hazard tamen sit passim generis masculini. to himself, chap. xvi. 1, 2, which MephiErgo potius legendum, cum præsertim bosheth had not done. And possibly this notum sit scribas sæpe genera miscuisse, non was only a present sentence, and David remiscenda. solved to examine things more thoroughly Maurer. Articulo definitum notat when he had more leisure, and then to meum asinum.

Heb., 30; LXX, Au. Ver., 29.

make a more full and final determination of the business; which also he might do, though it be not here recorded; for we must not think that nothing was done and said

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about such things but what is mentioned in דְּבָרֶיךָ אָמַרְתִּי אַתָּה וְצִיבָא תַּחְלְקוּ

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καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ ὁ βασιλεύς, ἱνατί λαλεῖς ἔτι τοὺς λόγους σου ; εἶπον, σὺ καὶ Σιβὰ διελεῖσθε τὸν ἀγρὸν.

Au. Ver.-29 And the king said unto him, Why speakest thou any more of thy matters? I have said, Thou and Ziba divide the land.

Scripture. Besides, Ziba being a powerful man, and the crown not yet firmly fixed upon the king's head, David might think fit to suspend his final sentence till a more convenient season, and not now to provoke him too much by taking away all his estate from him at once, but to proceed against him by degrees. Howsoever, this is certain, we cannot pass a right judgment upon this action of David's, unless we understood all the circumstances of it, which we cannot pretend to do.

Bp. Patrick.-Why speakest thou any more of thy matters?] As if he had said, Enough, enough; I desire to hear no more of the injuries done me by the house of Saul.

Pool. Why speakest thou any more of thy matters? For as Ziba was present, so doubtless he was not silent, but said and did what he could to make good his former charge; which must needs occasion many words before the king. And the king was not now at leisure for long debates, and therefore makes an end of the matter. I have said, Thou and Ziba divide the land.] Some of to wit, within myself; I have considered the the Hebrew doctors understand this, as if he matter as far as now I can, and upon the now parted the estate formerly given to Mewhole am come to this resolution, wherein phibosheth between him and Ziba; partly I expect that thou and he do both acquiesce. out of shame, lest he should appear too rash Or, I do now say; I pronounce this sentence and hasty of belief in giving all to Ziba, in the cause. Thou and Ziba divide the and partly out of suspicion that the too land: the meaning is either, 1. The land great wealth of Mephibosheth might make shall be divided between thee and him, as it him ambitious. But they acknowledge this was by my first order, chap. ix. 10; he and sentence to be unjust, Ziba making no dehis sons managing it, and supporting them- fence for himself. And some of them say, selves out of it, as they did before, and a voice from heaven was heard thereupon, giving the rest of the profits thereof to thee. saying, That God would make the like

VOL. II.

4 L

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