Au. Ver.-25 And Absalom made Amasa | hominis, nomine Jetra de Jezrael, qui rem captain of the host instead of Joab which habuerat cum Abigail, filia Naas, sorore Amasa was a man's son, whose name Sarviæ, matris Joab. was Ithra an Israelite [or, Jether an , Israelita. Idem 1 Par. ii. 17, Ishmaelite], that went in to Abigail the dicitur fuisse Ismaelita. Hoc loco Græci daughter of Nahash, sister to Zeruiah, Intt. Iëspaeλírns, ex Jezrael, quod quidem Joab's mother. præstat, ex scriptione. Neque ejus Amasæ regio, qualis esset, notaretur, si diceretur tantum, Israelita. Sed scriptio Ismaelita, aut Jezraelita, utra utri præstet, incertum est; quomodo etiam incertum est; an legendum postea, Naas, ut hoc loco, an, Isai, ut 1 Paral. ii. 17. Pool.-Ithra an Israelite. Object. He was an Ishmaelite, 1 Chron. ii. 17. Answ. Not Amasa; but Ithra, or Jether, Amasa's father, is there so called, because he was such, either by his birth from such parents, or by his long habitation among them, or for some other reason now unknown. Compare Maurer.-] "Manifesto corrupta 2 Sam. xv. 18. And Amasa is here called lectio est, neque enim, si Amasæ pater Isan Israelite, either because he was a raelita fuerit, ratio patet, cur eum Israelitam proselyte; or in opposition to Joab, who was fuisse adnotarit scriptor sacer. Apud LXX of the tribe of Judah, as Amasa was of one variant codd. et vel 'Iσμanλírηv, vel 'Iešof the ten tribes; or rather, to intimate, that paŋλítny, vel 'Iopanλírny exhibent. Vulalthough he or his parents were called Ish-gatus habet de Jesraeli, in quo tamen mirabile maelites for some reason, yet as to their est, Jesrael per s scribi, cum alias semper extraction they were indeed Israelites; apud eundem z habere soleat. Locus which if Amasa had not been, it is not pro-1 Chron. ii. 17 dirimit litem, ac bable that he could have had so powerful an gendum esse ostendit; qua lectione assumpta influence upon the tribe of Judah as he had, patet etiam ratio, cur Amasiæ patrem Ischap. xix. 14. The daughter of Nahash. maelitam fuisse adnotarit scriptor, eum enim Nahash is either another name of Jesse [so sine hoc indice Israelitam quisque reputaturus Patrick]; or rather, the name of Jesse's fuisset." Sic Schulzius, recte uti ego quidem wife; by whom he had this Abigail, as he arbitror. had Zeruiah by another wife; so they were sisters by the father, but not by the mother; and Nahash is here named to signify so much. Ver. 27. le Houb.-27 7 : Lego in codicibus Bp. Patrick.—Amasa was a man's son, whose name was Ithra an Israelite.] By dum conjunctè,, ut sit unum nomen religion, though by birth an Ishmaelite (see proprium, non duo verba. 1 Chron. ii. 27). Abarbinel thinks the quite contrary, that he was an Israelite by birth, Ver. 28, 29. 23 מִשְׁכָּב וְכַפּוֹת וּכְלִי יוֹצֵר וְחִים | but had lived long in the land of the Isle וּשְׂעֹרִים וְקֶמַח וְקָלִי וּפְוֹל וַעֲדָשִׁים maelites. And by the son of a man" he 66 understands an illustrious person. וְקָלִי: 29 וּדְבַשׁ וְחֶמְאָה וְצֹאן וּשְׁפוֹת That went in to Abigail the daughter of בָּקָר הִגִּישׁוּ לְדָוִד וְלָעָם אֲשֶׁר אִתּוֹ Nahash. That is, he married one of the לֶאֱכוֹל כִּי אָמְרוּ הָעָם רָעֵב וְעָיֵף וְצָמֵא daughters of Jesse, who is here called Nahash. For, as Kimchi observes, many persons had two names: and this signifies a serpent. From whence it is, that when 28 ἤνεγκαν δέκα κοίτας ἀμφιτάπους, καὶ Isaiah saith, xiv. 29, “ out of the serpent's λέβητας δέκα, καὶ σκεύη κεράμου, καὶ πυροὺς, root (or the root of Nahash) shall come forth καὶ κριθὰς, καὶ ἄλευρον, καὶ ἄλφιτον, καὶ a cockatrice, or basilisk;" the Chaldee para- kúaμov, kaì þaкòv, 29 καὶ μέλι, καὶ βού phrase expounds it, “out of the root of τυρον, καὶ πρόβατα, καὶ Σαφὼθ βοῶν, καὶ Jesse shall come forth the Messiah.” Who προσήνεγκαν τῷ Δαυίδ, καὶ τῷ λαῷ τῷ μετ ̓ was typified by the brazen serpent in the αὐτοῦ φαγεῖν· ὅτι εἶπεν, ὁ λαὸς πεινῶν καὶ wilderness. ἐκλελυμένος καὶ διψῶν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ. Houb.-25 Fecerat Absalom Amasa exercitus ducem, in loco Joab. Amasa erat filius [or, Au. Ver.-28 Brought beds, and basons cups], and earthen vessels, and wheat, and barley, and flour, and parched corn, and beans, and lentiles, and parched pulse, 29 And honey, and butter, and sheep, and cheese of kine, for David, and for the people that were with him, to eat: for they said, The people is hungry, and weary, and thirsty in the wilderness. Basons. stand by saphoth, cheese made of cow's milk: from the Hebrew and Chaldee word saphar, which signifies to strain; cheese being made by pressing the whey out of the curds (see Hierozoicon, par. i., lib. ii., cap. 33). Dr. A. Clarke.-Basons.] D. Pro-r. bably wooden bowls, such as the Arabs still use to eat out of, and to knead their bread in. Gesen.- or , only in plur. 2 Sam. xvii. 29, according to Targ., Syr., and the Heb, intpp. cheeses of kine, so called from filtering from the whey, dregs, etc. see No. 2. Abulwalid renders it by "slices of coagulated milk." Prof. Lee., pl. f. constr. once, 2 Sam. xviii. 29, T. LXX. σa¶à¤ Bowv, leaving the word untranslated. Theod. Vulg., pingues vitulos. caseos bovinos. Comp. purificavit, defæcavit. Earthen vessels.]. Probably clay vessels, baked in the sun. These were yaλaðŋvà poσxápia. perhaps used for lifting water, and boiling Syr. 1502 those articles which required to be cooked. Gesen. A potter's vessel, earthen, Syr. 1, Pah. Jer. xix. Parched corn-parched pulse. Probably cheeses. anaέ λey. quidem, sed Bp. Patrick.—The word kali is twice re- satis probabiliter a Bocharto (Hieroz., p. i., peated among these provisions, and is first lib. ii., cap. 32, p. 316) per caseos bubulos joined with wheat, barley, and flour. And explicatur a , percolare, coll. Job. x. 10. properly signifies, tostas fruges, parched At Michaelis longe aliter. Is putat, sigcorn, as we well translate it. And in the nificari boum stimulos, Ochsenstacheln, qui latter end of the verse, after beans and dati fuissent militibus Davidis, ut eis pro lentiles, it must signify, as Bochart observes, armis uterentur. Provocat ad Jud. iii. 31. tostum aut frictum aliquod legumen, viz., Sed ibi sunt, non ri. Deinde frictum cicer," some parched or fried sort of nominantur inter alia, quæ allata dicuntur pulse," to wit, "fried vetches:" which grew Davidi ejusque militibus, i, ad comedenplentifully in Judea: as it was common dum. Quis in hoc contextu de boum among both Greeks and Romans in their stimulis cogitet? Et tandem, quam parum food, as Bochart shows, in his Hierozoicon, probabile est, Davidis milites armis fuisse par. ii., lib. i., cap. 7, where he observes destitutos! that it is called kali by the Arabians to this day. א with קָלִיא I) once קָלָה .m. (r קָלִי-.Gesen In the wilderness. Pool.-i. e., Having been in the wilderness; which is an easy and common ellipsis. Or, because of (so the Hebrew particle beth is oft used) the wilderness, which they have passed through, in which provisions are very scarce. in otio (as 7, 7) 1 Sam. xvii. 17, roasted or parched grain, i. e., wheat or barley roasted in the ears and then rubbed out, as is still common among the Bedawin Arabs; see Macmichael's Journey, p. 235; Robinson's Palest. ii., p. 394.-Lev. xxiii. 14; Ruth ii. 14; 1 Sam. xxv. 18; 2 Sam. by my A xvii. 28, where is twice read, once of grain and again of pulse. 29 Honey. See notes on Gen. xliii. 11, vol. i., p. 110. Ged., Booth.-Palm-honey. CHAP. XVIII. 3. לעזור קרי ὅτι σὺ ὡς ἡμεῖς δέκα χιλιάδες· καὶ νῦν Butter. See notes on Gen. xviii. 8, vol. i., ἀγαθὸν, ὅτι ἔσῃ ἡμῖν ἐν τῇ πόλει βοήθεια τοῦ p. 19, and on Deut. xxxii. 14, p. 768. Cheese of kine. Bp. Patrick. Though, as Bochart observes, these words saphoth lachar be very variously interpreted, yet the Chaldee and Syriac, as well as all the Hebrews, under βοηθεῖν. Au. Ver.-3 But the people answered, Thou shalt not go forth: for if we flee away, they will not care for us [Heb., set their heart on us]; neither if half of us die, will they care for us: but now thou art worth ten thousand of us [Heb., as ten thousand Ged., Booth.-Turpentine-tree. See notes city. But now thou art worth, &c. Ver. 11. רגן is doubtless a mistake for the pronoun, thou [so Houb., Horsley, Dathe, Maurer, &c.]; and so it appears to have been read by the Septuagint, the Vulgate, and the Chaldee, and by two of Kennicott's and De Rossi's MSS. καὶ εἶπεν Ιωάβ τῷ ἀνδρὶ τῷ ἀναγγέλλοντι αὐτῷ, καὶ ἰδοὺ ἑώρακας· τί ὅτι οὐκ ἐπάταξας avтòv ékeî eis tηv Yŷv, K.T.λ. Au. Ver.-11 And Joab said unto the man that told him, And, behold, thou sawest him, and why didst thou not smite him there to the ground? and I would have given thee Nihil solidi affert ten shekels of silver, and a girdle. Houb.-' my 10: Legendum, , ut sit, nam tu, sicut nos, decem millia. Ita legunt Græci et Vulgatus, et apud Hexapla Symmachus. Buxtorfius cur sit legendum. Nisi enim tu legitur, nulla persona in oratione relinquetur, ad quam pertineat decem millia. Et planum est, comparationem institui inter Davidem cæterosque ejus milites, ut, tu, Davidem exhibeat, , cæteros milites. Chaldæus et et y exprimit; quia cum legeret, videbat huic vocabulo nihil subesse sententiæ, nisi etiam efferretur. ...: Masora, ad auxilium: adhuc meliùs, sine 1. Maurer. ut Ex. xiii. 21; v. 22; Deut. xxvi. 12; 1 Sam. ii. 33. . לַעֲזוֹר vel לַעֲזוֹר sine idonea ratione Ver. 6. And why didst thou not smite him there to the ground? So Ged., Booth., and most commentators. Houb.-Quare tu, inquit, cum eum vidisti, non percussisti et in terram dejecisti? &c., &c. -Et quare non per, ומדוע לא הכיתו שם ארצה cussisti eum in terra? Id sententiam habere nullam potest. Nam, cum Absalom arbore suspensus esset, atque in ea capite hæreret, qui poterat vel in terram, vel in terra percuti? Lacuna supplenda est ex Chaldæo, Num. Syro et Arabe, qui tres interpretes habent, K'ri quare non percussisti eum, et projecisti eum in terram? Nempe legebant, no n' . ארצה quia,והשליכתו Omissum fuit verbum Au. Ver.-6 So the people went out into the field against Israel: and the battle was in the wood of Ephraim. 12 Ged.-6 The battle was in the forest of לֹא־אֶשְׁלַח שׁקֶל אֶלֶף כֶּסֶף יָדִי אֶל־בֶּן־הַמֶּלֶךְ כִּי בְאָזְנֵינוּ צְנָה joined. Arab. has : And when they came up הַמֶּלֶךְ אֹתְךָ וְאֶת־אֲבִישַׁי וְאֶת־אִתַּי with them, they engaged them ; and, the battle : לֵאמֹר שְׁמְרוּ מִי בַּנַּעַר בְּאַבְשָׁלוֹם שֶׁקֶר וְכָל־דָּבָר ?of the Ephraimites in the days of Jephthah בְנַפְשׁוֹ 13 אוֹ־עָשִׂיתִי בְנַפְשָׁו לֹא־יִכָּחֵד מִן־הַמֶּלֶךְ וְאַתָּה תִּתְיַב Or had Abshalom retreated from Gilead and .12 .v ולו קרי .13 .v בנפשי קרי raging, &c. Was this a forest on the east side of the Jordan; so called from a defeat repassed the Jordan; before he risked a battle? Or, finally, is the word Ephraim an interpolation; and should we read in a forest? Bp. Horsley.—6 In the wood of Ephraim. Some wood on the eastern side of the Jordan, which might take the name, either as the spot where Oreb and Zeeb were captured by the Ephraimites, or as near the spot where the Ephraimites were slaughtered by Jephtha. Ver. 9, 10, 14. Au. Ver.-Oak. 12 εἶπε δὲ ὁ ἀνὴρ πρὸς Ιωάβ, καὶ ἐγώ εἰμι ἵστημι ἐπὶ τὰς χεῖράς μου χιλίους σίκλους ἀργυρίου, οὐ μὴ ἐπιβάλω τὴν χεῖρά μου ἐπὶ τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ βασιλέως, ὅτι ἐν τοῖς ὠσὶν ἡμῶν ἐνετείλατο ὁ βασιλεύς σοι καὶ τῷ ̓Αβεσσὰ καὶ τῷ Εθὶ, λέγων, φυλάξατέ μοι τὸ παιδάριον τὸν 'Aßeσoadwμ, 13 μὴ ποιῆσαι ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ αὐτοῦ ἄδικον· καὶ πᾶς ὁ λόγος οὐ λήσεται ἀπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ σὺ στήσῃ ἐξεναντίας. Au. Ver.-12 And the man said unto Joab, Though I should receive a thousand my hand against the king's son, for in our shekels of silver in mine hand [Heb., weigh upon mine hand], yet would I not put forth mine hand against the king's son: for in our hearing the king charged thee and Abishai and Ittai, saying, Beware that none touch [Heb., Beware whosoever ye be of, &c.] the young man Absalom. hearing the king charged thee and Abishai and Ittai, saying, Preserve, for my sake, the young man Absalom. 13 Or, had I thus done falsely, it would have been at the risk of my own life [versions]: for there is no matter hid from the king, and thou thyself wouldst have stood up against me. 13 Otherwise I should have wrought Houb.-12 Homo respondit Joab; ego, si falsehood against mine own life: for there is appenderem in manu mea mille argenteos, no matter hid from the king, and thou thy-non propterea mitterem manum self wouldest have set thyself against me. 12 Beware that none touch, &c. Pool. Or, take heed what (for so the Hebrew pronoun mi is sometimes used, as Judg. xiii. 17) ye do with the young man. It expresseth David's sense, though not his words. in regis filium. Rex enim, audientibus nobis, sic tibi et Abisai et Ethai præcepit; servate mihi puerum Absalom. . לא si, pro לו Recte Masora : ולא Scripturam .שמרו מי בנער... Superfluit, videturque esse tollendum, neque id Syrus legebat. tueri se putat Buxtorfius, cum sic convertit, cavete quis puerum. Videat tamen lector ne non Hebraicum sit id, quod Latinum est. Nam sæpe Latini post verbum cavere, et similia verba, negationem ne reticent, non item suum Sacri Scriptores. Rectius igitur Lud. Cappellus statuit legendum, mihi; præsertim cum sic legerent Græci Intt., Vulgatus, Chaldæus, Syrus. 13 Either, first, I should have been guilty of false and perfidious dealing against the king's express injunction, and that with the manifest hazard of my own life. Or, secondly, I should have betrayed my own life. I should not only have deceived myself with false hopes, either of concealing my fact from the king, or of obtaining a reward, yea, or a pardon, from him or thee for it; but also Dathe.-12 Ille vero Joabo dixit: Etiumsi have destroyed myself thereby, and laid a ego jam appensos numerare possem in manu plot against my own life. Thou thyself mea mille siclos, nollem manum inferre filio wouldest have set thyself against me; thou regis. Ipsi enim audivimus, quam serio tibi, wouldst have been my adversary and accuser. Abisæo et Ittæo rex præcepit, ut Absalomo Or, thou wouldst have stood afar off, as this juveni parceretis. a) 13 Aut si ego in eum b) phrase is used, Psal. xxxviii. 11. Thou facinus commisissem, quidquid factum esset, wouldst not have stood to me to intercede for non potuisset regem celari, imo tu ipse me my life or reward, but wouldst keep at a distance from me. accusasses. a) Pro versiones antiquæ omnes Ged.-12 The man said to Joab: "Were et quatuor Kennicotti codd. habent. a thousand shekels of silver to be counted b) In codd. Hebr. est varia lectio a Masointo mine hand, I would not put forth mine rethis observata. Lectio marginalis est hand against the king's son: for, in our, quam Vulgatus expressit: si fecissem hearing, the king charged thee, and Abishai, and Ithai, saying: 'Beware of hurting the young man Abshalom.' 13 Nor, had I, by taking his life, obtained a reward, could any thing be hidden from the king: and thyself would stand up against me." By taking his life obtained a reward. So I render partly from the present printed text, and partly from a conjectural emendation. Another reading of more than twenty MSS., and Chald., Syr., Arab., Vulg. is commonly rendered thus: made a lie against my own life, &c. Booth.-12 And the man said to Joab, Though I should receive a thousand shekels of silver in my hand, I would not put forth contra animam meam audacter. Sic quoque Chaldæus et Syrus et 18 codd. Kennicotti. Sed lectio textualis est p, quam legerunt oi ó: év Tŷ Yuxĥ avтoù. Quæ et mihi præferenda videtur. Sed K'ri: 2. Atque ita fere omnes inter- (vestrum in eum inciderit). Cf. Exod. through the heart of Abshalom, while he xxiv. 14, coll. Jud. vii. 3, et infra vs. 22, 23, was yet alive, in the midst of the turpentine, quidquid sit, accidat. Alii, in his tree: (15) and ten young men, Joab's Schulzius observate, quis in juvenem Ab-armour-bearers, &c. : salomum sc. p., irruat, quæ interpretatio 14 Not so; I will begin, &c., i. e., I will licet a vs. sequenti aliquantum roboris ac- be the first to pierce him. Some would cipere videri possit, tamen priori posthabenda render: Not so will I delay, with thee. And est. Plerique veterum et nonnulli libri pro Houbigant thinks the true reading is. Not habent, puto ex conjectura. so; I will stab him before thee. facinus commisissem, propr. oder hätt' ich cet. Cf. ad Ex. xxi. 36. Pro i multi libri exhibent K'ri. Sic quoque veterum plerique, in his Vulg., si fecissem contra animam meam audacter. Non placet. LXX expresserunt C'tib: év Tŷ vx? avтoû. Ver. 14, 15. Houb.-14 Tum Joab: non sic foret; et ego eum, inquit, præsente te, confodiam ; deinde tria tela manu corripiens, hæc in cor Absalom infixit. 15 Cum autem media in quercu adhuc viveret, decem pueri Joab, qui arma ejus ferebant, in Absalom conversi, eum percusserunt, et interemerunt. -et in mar אהולה Unus codex :אחילה 14 -cul, אחללהו aut ,אחללה melius ;אוחילה gine 14 וַיֹּאמֶר יוֹאָב לֹא־כֵן אֹחִילָה לְפָנֶיךָ ,ipiam, etsi non altero exemplo: וַיִּקָּה שְׁלֹשָׁה שְׁבָטִים בְּכַפּוֹ וַיִּתְהָעָם nerabo eum, non sine affixo. Plerique, in Nam incipere est, non ; nec vero diceret :babe i Joab, incipiam, tribus telis eum mox vul15 neraturus. Nam tribus ictibus ingeminandis, consilium ejus erat, non modo incipere, sed יוֹאָב וַיַּכּוּ אֶת־אַבְשָׁלוֹם וַיְמִתְהוּ: absolvere, hoc est Absalom interficere. 14 καὶ εἶπεν Ιωάβ, τοῦτο ἐγὼ ἄρξομαι, οὐχ ..., adhuc vivebat. Hæc ad antedicta οὕτως μενῶ ἐνώπιόν σου. καὶ ἔλαβεν Ιωάβ liquet pertinere non posse. Itaque ante Tpía Béλn év T xeipì avтoû, Kai événev, interpunctio major collocanda, illa tolαὐτὰ ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ ̓Αβεσσαλώμ, ἔτι αὐτοῦ lenda, quæ verbo 125 præfixa est: vide ζῶντος ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ τῆς δρυός. 15 καὶ ἐκύκ- versionem. λωσαν δέκα παιδάρια αἴροντα τὰ σκεύη Ιωάβ, καὶ ἐπάταξαν τὸν ̓Αβεσσαλὼμ, καὶ ἐθανάτωσαν αὐτόν. Pool.-Through the heart of Absalom; not properly so called, for he was yet alive et interfecerunt, וימתוהו Lege : וימתהו,15,16 eum, ne desideretur ', nota numeri pluralis, Per Dathe.-14 Non possum hic, inquit Joabus, apud te morari. Prehendit tria spicula, atque ea pectori Absalomi adhuc in terebintho viventis infixit. 15 Simul aderant decem milites, Joabi armigeri, qui eum conciderunt. Ver. 18. – וַיִּקְרָא לַמַּשֶׁבֶת עַל־שְׁמוֹ וַיִּקְרֵא; 15 .after these wounds, and was slain, ver but through his middle [so Patrick], as the word heart is oft used, as Psal. xlvi. 2, and that too not exactly, but more largely understood, as Deut. iv. 11; Ezek. xxvii. 4; Matt. xii. 40; or through his body; which might be, and yet the wounds not mortal. While he was yet alive, or, yet he continued alive. καὶ ἐκάλεσε τὴν στήλην, Χεὶρ ̓Αβεστ oaλòμ ëws τŷs nμépas τaúτηs. Au. Ver.-18 Now Absalom in his lifetime had taken and reared up for himself a pillar, which is in the king's dale: for he said, I have no son to keep my name in remembrance: and he called the pillar after his own name and it is called unto this Ged.-14 "Not so," said Joab, "I will begin the deed before thee." So saying, he took with him three darts, and thrust them day, Absalom's place. |
