one another, through their emulations, ways, and contentions; be you, therefore, ashamed of it, and win them to peace, both with yourselves and one another, by your peaceable examples, which will preach louder to them than if you could cry in their barbarous language; so also shall you be an encouragement to many of your Christian friends in your native country to come to you, when they hear of your peace, love, and kindness. But, above all, it shall go well with your souls when that God of peace and unity shall come to visit you with death, as he hath done many of your associates, you being found of him, not in murmurings, discontent, and jars, but in brotherly love and peace, may be translated from this wandering wilderness unto that joyful and heavenly Canaan. AMEN."

XXII. EDWARD WINSLOW.

THIS eminently useful person was the eldest son of a gentleman of the same name, of Droitwich, in Worcestershire, where he was born in 1594.* Of his education and first appearance in life we have no knowledge. In the course of his travels on the Continent of Europe he became acquainted with Mr. Robinson and the church under his pastoral care at Leyden, where he settled and married. To this church he joined himself, and with them he continued till their removal to America. He came hither with the first company, and his name is the third in the list of those who subscribed the Covenant of Incorporation before their disembarcation at Cape Cod. His family then consisted of his wife and three other persons. He was one of those who coasted the Bay of Cape Cod and discovered the Harbour of Plymouth; and when the sachem Massasoit came to visit the strangers, he offered himself as a hostage while a conference was held and a treaty was made with the savage prince.

* [More exactly, he was born October 19, 1595.-Young's Chronicles of the Pilgrims, 274, note.-H.]

VOL. III.-H

His wife died soon after his arrival, and in the following spring he married Susanna, the widow of William White, and mother of Peregrine, the first English child born in New-England. This was the first marriage solemnized in the colony* (May 12, 1621).

In Junet he went, in company with Stephen Hopkins, to visit the sachem Massasoit at Pokanoket. The design of this visit is related in Bradford's life. The particular circumstances of it may properly be detailed here, in the very words of Winslow's original narrative.||

"We set forward the 10th of June,¶ about nine in the morning, our guide [Tisquantum] resolving that night to rest at Namasket,** a town under Massasoit, and conceived by us to be very near, because the inhabitants flocked so thick on every slight occasion

* Prince, 105.

[Morton says, "The second of July this year (1621) they sent Mr. Edward Winslow and Mr. Stephen Hopkins unto the great sachem Massoit," &c.-Memorial, p. 69.-H.]

Purchas, iv., 1851.

[See page 11 of this volume.-H.]

[This extract is taken from "Mourt's Journal of a Plantation settled at Plymouth," which was printed in 1622; probably written by Winslow.-Mass. Hist. Coll., viii., 232.—H.]

Mr. Prince thinks this is a mistake, and that it ought to have been the 3d of July.

** [I. e., Middleborough.—H.]

among us; but we found it to be fifteen English miles. On the way we found ten or twelve men, women, and children, which had pestered us till we were weary of them; perceiving that (as the manner of them all is) where victual is easiest to be got, there they live, especially in the summer; by reason whereof, our bay affording many lobsters, they resort every spring-tide thither, and now returned with us to Namasket. Thither we came about three in the afternoon, the inhabitants entertaining us with joy, in the best manner they could, giving us a kind of bread, called by them Mazium, and the spawn of shads, which then they got in abundance, insomuch as they gave us spoons to eat them; with these they boiled musty acorns, but of the shads we eat heartily. They desired one of our men to shoot at a crow, complaining what damage they sustained in their corn by them; who shooting and killing, they much admired it, as other shots on other occasions.

"After this, Tisquantum told us we should hardly in one day reach Pakánokick,* moving us to go eight miles farther, where we should

*The same with Pokánoket. Indian words are spelled dif ferently by different writers. I here follow the author from whom I copy.

find more store and better victuals. Being willing to hasten our journey, we went, and came thither at sunsetting, where we found many of the men of Namasket fishing at a ware which they had made on a river which belonged to them, where they caught abundance of bass. These welcomed us also, gave us of their fish, and we them of our victuals, not doubting but we should have enough wherever we came.

There we lodg

ed in the open fields, for houses they had none, though they spent the most of the surnmer there. The head of this river is reported to be not far from the place of our abode; upon it are and have been many towns, it being a good length. The ground is very good on both sides, it being for the most part cleared. Thousands of men have lived there, which died in a great plague not long since; and pity it was and is to see so many goodly fields and so well seated without men to dress the same.

"The next morning we brake our fast, and took our leave and departed, being then accompanied with six savages. Having gone about six miles by the river's side, at a known shoal place, it being low water, they spake * [Taunton River.-H.]