776, 787, 1528, 1530. The Iphigenia in Aulis will supply near twenty examples, including a few in which the anapest is contained in a proper name.

It is almost unnecessary to mention that, in this metre, anapests are admissible only into the even places. It may, however, be not altogether superfluous to observe, that the tragic poets appear to have used anapests in the even places as willingly and frequently as tribrachs, in any place except the first and fifth. The thirty-two tragedies exhibit about thirty-two instances of a tribrach in the second, third, fourth, sixth or seventh place, several of which appear to be corrupt.

Both in tragedy and in comedy, the tetrameter trochaic is usually divided into two hemistichs by a caesura after the fourth foot. The tragedians, however, observe this rule much more strictly than the comedians. Most of the instances to the contrary have been corrected in a satisfactory manner. Æsch. Pers. 165. Ταυτά μοι διπλή μόριον ἄφραστές ἐστιν ἐν φρεσιν. The Glasgow edition has an obelus before dia. The casura may be restored by removing d to the end of the verse. Ibid. 731. Ὧδε παμπήδην δὲ πᾶς λαὸς κατέφθαρται δορί; The true reading, λαὸς Tãs, has been restored by all the modern editors. Soph. Phil. 1402. Εἰ δοκεῖ, στείχωμεν. ὦ γενναῖον εἰρηκὼς ἔπος. Mr Porson's emendation, which, in our opinion, is more ingenious than satisfactory, may be seen in Mr Gaisford's notes on Hephaestion, p. 264. Eurip. Iph. Αul. 1385. Καὶ γὰρ οὐδέ τοι λίαν γ' ἐμοὶ οὐδέ τι λίαν ἐμὲ codd.) φιλοψυχεῖν χρεών. Perhaps the poet wrote, Καὶ γὰρ οὐδέ τοι τι λίαν ἐμὲ φιλοψυχεῖν χρεών. Ibid. 1391. Τί τὸ δίκαιον τοῦτό พ (τοῦ γ' Ald.); ἆρ ̓ ἔχοιμεν ἀντειπεῖν ἔπος. We do not pretend to correct the whole verse; but we have little doubt that the true reading of the latter hemistich is ἔχομεν ἀντειπεῖν ἔπος. Ion. 532. Μαρτυρεῖς σαυτῷ. τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ γ' ἐκμαθὼν χρηστήρια. We quote this verse as an instance of licentious emendation, Barnes silently reads τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ μαθών. His motive for this alteration is unknown to us. We are unwilling to suppose that even the author of the sublime ode on Λεόπολδος αὐτοκάρτως Ὑπὸ Μαρλβόρου σκω is objected to the contraction of o into one syllable, an instance of which occurs only ten lines before the verse in ques

tion.

2

Mr Porson remarks (p. 50), that in dimeter anapestics a dactyl is very seldom, rarissime, placed immediately before an anapest, so as to cause a concourse of four short syllables. Mr Gaisford (p. 279) has collected several instances of this concourse, which we will lay before our readers, with some additional examples which have occurred to us. Esch. Theb. 874. μvov 'Egivvvos, 'Iaxeïv, Alda Αίδα 7. Eum. 952. Η τάδ' ἀκούετε, πόλεως Φρούριον. Suppl. 9. τον

αυξάνορος

ó

Φυξάνορα Γάμον Αἰγύπτου. Soph. Ant. 941. Τὴν βασιλίδα τὴν μούνην λοιπήν. Αj. 205. Νῦν γὰρ ὁ δεινὸς, ὁ μέγας, ὠμοκρατής. Read μέγας without the article. Eurip. Hec. 147. "18" Ayqusurovos ixétis Yoνάτων. Hippol. 1365. Οδ' ὁ σωφροσύνῃ πάντας υπερέχων. Mr Gaisford properly reads ὑπερσχών. Alc. 81. Ὅστις ἂν ἐνέποι πότερον φθι μένην. Τro. 101. Μεταβαλλομένου δαίμονος ἀνέχου. Ibid. 177. Τάσδ' ̓Αγαμέμνονος, ἐπακουσομένα. Ibid. 1252. Ἐλπίδας ἐπὶ σοὶ κατέκναψε βίου. Mr Gaisford, who omits this line, probably reads in rol with Mr Porson (ad Hec. 298). Ion. 226. Εἰ μὲν ἐθύσατε πέλανον πρὸ δόμων. Εl. 1319. Θάρσει. Παλλάδος ὁσίαν ἥξεις. Ibid. 1821. Σύγγονε φίλτατε διὰ γὰρ ζεύγνυσ'. Aristoph. Pac. 169. Καὶ μύρον ἐπιχεῖς, ὡς ἦν τι πεσών. Av. 404. Kai rodeorov. This little verse is not anapestic, as appears by the following words, ἐπὶ τίνα τ ̓ ἐπίνοιαν, which Brunck has miserably corrupted, in order to accommodate them to his notions of the metre. Thesm. 822. Τάντιον, ὁ κανὼν, οἱ καλαθίσκοι, Ran. 1525. Λαμπάδας ἱερὰς, χαμα προπέμπετε. Ephippus apud Athen. β. 322, Ε. Κώβιος, ἀφύαι, βελόναι, κεστρείς. Mnesimachus ibid. p. 403, Ο Κάραβος, ἔσχαρος, ἀφύαι, βελόναι. ΜMore examples may probably be detected by diligent search; but those which we have produced are sufficient to prove that Mr Porson's expression must be construed with some degree of latitude. According to Mr Porson (p. 55), there is no genuine instance of this license in tetrameter anapestics.

The anapestic dipodia may be composed of a tribrach and an anapest, for the purpose of admitting a proper name, which cannot otherwise be introduced into the verse. Anaxandrides apud Athen. p. 131, Β. Αὐλεῖν δ' αὐτοῖς ̓Αντιγενίδας, ̓Αργῶν δ' ᾄδειν, καὶ κι θαρίζειν Κηφισόδοτον τὸν ̓Αχαρνηθεν. The second sylable of ̓Αντιγενίδων is evidently short.

In both kinds of anapestic verse, dactyls are admitted with much greater moderation into the second than into the first place of the dipodia. The eleven comedies of Aristophanes contain more than twelve hundred tetrameter anapestics, in which number we have remarked only the nineteen following examples of a dactyl in an even place, which, in this kind of anapestic metre, can only be the second foot of the verse, as Mr Porson has observed (p. 51): Eq. 524*, 805, 1927. Nub. 351*, 353, 400, 409*. Vesp. 389, 551, 671, 673*, 703*, 1027. Pac. 732. Lys. 500. Thesm, 790, 794. Ran. 1055. Eccl. 676*. In all of these verses, except those six which are marked with an asterisk, the preceding foot is also a dactyl. The same observations apply in a certain degree also to dimeter anapestics. When we find, therefore, in the Edipus Coloneus of Sophocles (v. 1766), Ταῦτ ̓ οὖν ἔκλυε δαίμων ἡμῶν, we do not hesitate to read ἔκλυεν. In the Electra (v. 95), where the MSS. and editions read polvos

*Αρης οὐκ ἐξείνισε, Brunck has judiciously adopted the reading of the Scholiast, ox. These trifling alterations require no authority to support them; but we would not go so far as to change the order of the words for the purpose of removing a dactyl out of an even place.

Of the nineteen tetrameters mentioned in the preceding paragraph, one only is destitute of a casura after the first dipodia: Nub. 353. Ταύτ' αρα ταῦτα Κλε | ώνυμον αὗται ] τὸν ῥίψασπιν χθὲς ἰδοῦται. Similar instances are exceedingly rare in dimeters. Mr Gaisford has collected more than fifty instances of the violation of the casura in dimeter anapestics, in six of which the foot which ought to be followed by the casura is a dactyl. Æsch. Pers. 532. ̓Αλλ ̓, ὦ Ζεῦ βασιλεῦ, νῦν Περσῶν. The word ἀλλ' appears to have been inserted by Turnebus for the purpose of completing the verse. Perhaps we ought to read, "Ω Ζευ βασιλεῦ νῦν τῶν Πεςσῶν | τῶν μεγαλαύχων καὶ πολυάνδρων | στρατίαν ὀλέσας. This emendation is corroborated by the first words of the play, Tude Tay Пlegsäv tãv oixoμévær, &c. At the same time, we are not free from suspicion that the poet wrote, võv að Пɛgsãv, now for the second time. Agam. 1533. ἀλλ ̓ ἐμὸν ἐκ τοῦδ' ] ἔξνος ἀερθὲν, τὴν πολύκλαυτον 1 privuar aráži dęácas, &c. Mr Porson (ad Med. 822) remarks on this passage: Dele inutilem copulam, et lege zonozdabanı We suspect that both the conjunction and the proper name are interpolated, and that we ought to read, την πολύκλαυτον ἀνάξιο gara. Either reading violates the casura. Idem Prometheo Soluto apud Strabonem, p.33. Λίμναν παντοτρόφων Αιθιόπων. Both the sense and the reading of these words are uncertain. Soph. Ant. 156. Tce Kęśwn & Mevoixéws vecs. The word rcds, which is unnecessary to the sense, was added by Heath to complete the verse. Until a happier emendation is offered, perhaps an editor of Sophocles will do well in exhibiting this verse as it stands in the MSS. and old editions. Eurip. Iph. Taur. 460. Ἐν ναοῖσι πέλας τάδε βαίνει. As the preceding verse ends with a vowel, Markland omits &, and considers this verse as catalectic. Aristoph. Pac. 1320. Käлur' saμerous TOTσi bicis. Read with the assistance of the Ravenna manuscript, κἀπευξαμένους τοῖσε θεοῖσιν.

Every person who has a tolerable car, and is acquainted with the subject, will immediately perceive that the rhythm of the following verses is not quite perfect. Esch. Prom. 1067. Tous προδότας γὰρ μισῶν ἔμαθον. Choeph. 1068. Παιδοβόροι μὲν πρῶτον ὑπῆς ξαν. Soph. (Ed. Col. 1754. Ω τέκνον Αἰγέως, προσπιτνομέν σου. Eurip. Med. 160. "Ω μεγάλα Θέμι, καὶ πότνι Αρτεμι. Ibid. 1408. Αλλ' ἀπόσον γ ̓ οὖν πάρα και δύναμαι. Suppl. 980. Καὶ μὴν θαλάμης τάσδ ̓ ἐσορῶ 34. Iph. Αul. 28. Οὐκ ἄγαμαι ταῦτ ̓ ἀνδρὸς ἀριστέως. The rhythm of the first hemistich of the first, second, fourth, fifth and se

venth of these verses, and of the second hemistich of the third and sixth, is rather dactylic than anapestic. The same effect is always produced, when the three last syllables of a word, which are capable of standing in the verse as an anapest, are divided, as in the preceding examples, between a dactyl and the following foot. In the Prometheus, Mr Blomfield has judiciously adopted Bothe's emendation, reus yag godoras. In comic anapestics, such faults may generally be corrected with great ease. Aristoph. Nub. 293. Kai céßquas y', ŵ TOXUTINTO. Read, Σέβομαι δήτ', ὦ πολυτίμητοι. Ibid. 420. ̓Αλλ ̓ ἕνεκεν γε ψυχῆς στερρᾶς. Read, Αλλ' ουνεκα γε. Vesp. 687. Ὅταν εἰσελθὸν μεράκιόν σοι. Read μειράκιον. Ibid. 715. ̓Αλλ' ὁπόταν μὲν δείσωσ ̓ αὐτοί. as two words. Αr. 494. Εἰς δεκάτην γάρ ποτε παιδαρίου. Read, Eis γὰρ δεκάτην. Ibid. 569. Ωι προτέρω δεῖ τοῦ Διὸς αὐτοῦ. Read, Ωἱ δεῖ προτέρω. Lys. 571. Εξ ἐρίων δὴ καὶ κλωστήρων. Read, Ἐκ τῶν ἐρίων καὶ κλωστήρων. Thesm. 804. Ναυσιμάχης μὲν (μην Brunck.) ἥττων ἐστίν. Read, Ηττων μὲν Ναυσιμάχης ἐστίν. Eccl. 516. Οὐδεμια γὰς δεινοτέρα σου. Read, Οὐδὲ μιὰ γὰρ σου δεινοτέρα. Ibid. 624. Μηδεμιᾶς ἡ Τρύπημα κένετ Read, Μηδὲ μιας ή. Plut. 588. Φειδόμενος γὰρ καὶ βουλόμενος. Read, Εἰ φειδόμενος καὶ βουλόμενος.

Read οπότ' ἂν

We shall now take our leave for the present of this great critic, who, in the compass of a few pages, has thrown more light upon the subjects of his inquiry, than can be collected from all the numerous volumes of his predecessors. For ourselves, we have only to express a hope, that our strictures may contribute in some degree to the information of such younger students in Greek literature, as are disposed to peruse the preface to the Hecuba with that care and attention which it so eminently deserves, and without which its merits cannot be duly appreciated.

ART. IV. Memoirs of the Political and Private Life of James Caulfield, Earl of Charlemont, Knight of St Patrick, &c. &c. By Francis Hardy esq. Member of the House of Commons. in the three last Parliaments of Ireland. 4to. pp. 436. London. 1810.

TH "HIS is the life of a Gentleman, written by a Gentleman and, considering the tenor of many of our late biographies, this of itself is no slight recommendation. But it is, moreover, the life of one who stood foremost in the political history of Ireland for fifty years preceding her union, that is, for the whole period during which Ireland had a history or politics of her own-written by one who was a witness, and a shar

er in the scene,- -a man of fair talents and liberal views,—and distinguished, beyond all writers on recent politics that we have ever met with, for the handsome and indulgent terms in which he speaks of his political opponents. The work is enlivened, too, with various anecdotes and fragments of the correspondence of persons eminent for talents, learning, and political services in both countries; and with a great number of characters, sketched with a very powerful, though somewhat too favourable hand, of almost all who distinguished themselves, during this momentous period, on the scene of Irish affairs.

From what we have now said, the reader will conclude that we think very favourably of this book: And we do think it both entertaining and instructive. But-(for there is always a but in a Reviewer's praises)-it has also its faults and imperfections; and these, alas! so great and so many, that it requires all the good nature we can catch by sympathy from the author, not to treat him now and then with a terrible and exemplary severity. He scems, in the first place, to have begun and ended his book, without ever forming an idea of the distinction between private and public history; and sometimes tells us stories about Lord Charlement, and about people who were merely among his accidental acquaintance, far too long to find a place even in a biographical memoir;-and sometimes enlarges upon matters of general history, with which Lord Charlemont has no other connexion, than that they happened during his life, with a minuteness which would not be tolerated in a professed annalist. The biography again is broken, not only by large patches of historical matter, but by miscellaneous reflections, and anecdotes of all manner of persons; while, in the historical part, he successively makes the most unreasonable presumptions on the reader's knowledge, his ignorance and his curiosity,-overlaying him, at one time, with anxious and uninteresting details, and, at another, omitting even such general and summary notices of the progress of events as are necessary to connect his occasional narratives ,and reflections.

The most conspicuous and extraordinary of his irregularities, however, is that of his style ;-which touches upon all the extremes of composition, almost in every page, or every paragraph;―or rather, is entirely made up of those extremes, without ever resting for an instant in a medium, or affording any pause for softening the effects of its contrasts and transitions. Sometimes, and indeed most frequently, it is familiar, loose and colloquial, beyond the common pitch of serious conversation; at other times by far too figurative, rhetorical and ambitious, for the sober tone of history. Here, it runs into little trifling

jokes