EPITAPH in ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST'S Church at MARGATE. MICHAEL BOVELL, of Snow-Hill, London, died July 10, 1771, aged 47 Years, but Soulés afterward received his Majefty's pardon. Perhaps your ingenious correfpondent Mr. Bickerstaffe might furnish you with further particulars of this remarkable ftory, which I do not find recorded in your vo THE sculptur'd fines that throng the fa- lumes. That gentleman would alfo oblige cred wall, Elaborate tributes of fepulchral fame! Our fleeting homage commonly recall To wealth, to wit, to power, or to a name This humbler tablet from oblivion's end Would raise one trophy on a fimpler plan, To the kind hufband, and the faithful friend, The careful parent, and the honest mau. Through many years of unremitted toil In others' fervice he maintain'd his own; He faw a decent numerous offspring fmile, Nor feldom heard the poor man's benisfon. Known by the ends of being to have been, This tale fo brief fhall well record his praife, If, paufing here upon life's fhifting scene, One reader imitates his well-fpent days: Then, at his death, the tear, the moral given, Though dropt on earth, fhall be exhal'd to heaven. not a few of your continuing amufing researches into the Antiquities of Leicefter, where every chancel is filled with curious epitaphs. Fenton was killed in his own house by François Soulés, a French teacher. (See vol. XLVIII. p. 47.) The jury, by direction of the judge, returned a fpecial verdict,. grounded on the plea that he went to the houfe in fearch of his property (a pistol which Fenton had taken from him). This plea was net allowed by the twelve Judges; IMITATION of HORACE, B. II. Ode iv. "Ne fit ancillæ tibi amor pudori." By Lord Viscount TOWNSHEND. Addreffed to Dr. ANDREWS, late Prevoft of Trinity-College, Dublin. B LUSH not, dear Andrews, nor difclaim Miltown, coeval with thy fire, At feventy-three and more: And clafp'd the youthful bride: My life you're not denied. Nor think, my friend, because I praise EPIGRAM on a fåt Gentleman of Oxford. WHI "God bless you, Sir!" and lay their ram It is now a complete period of eleven years fince I first received the nominal charge of your affairs. In the courfe of it I have inva rably had to co tend, not with ordinary dif ficulties, but fuch as muft unnaturally arofe from the oppofition of thofe very powers from which I privarily derived my authority, and which were required for the fupport of it. My exertions, though applied to an unvaried and confifient line of action, have been occa fional and deful ory: yet I pleafe myself with the hope that, in the annals of your domi nions, which shall be written after the extinction of recent prejudices, this term of its adminiftration will appear not the leaft conducive to the istereit of the Company, nor the leaft reflective on the honour of the British name; and allow me to fuggeft the inftructiva reflection of what good might have been done, and what evil prevented, had due fupport been given to that Adminiftration which has performed fuch eminent and fubftantial fervices without it. fuch is the character of the man whom wa made our principal and the guarantee of it, that it will infore us against any change of fentiment, which might arife, from any caufe, in the breafs of his countrymen. I am happy in having been the fole intrument of the accom; lishment of fo great an event. It originated in a scene of u. iversal revelt encompaffing my own perfon: it began with the immediate feparation of the first power of the Mahratta ftate from the general war, and was followed by the inftant and general ceffation of hoftilities; in effect, by a permanent peace; for I have a right now to affirm this, having pofitively affured you that it would prove fuch, while the formal confirmation of it remained fo long in a state of fufpenfe. In every progreffive ftate of it, it has met with obftructions which might have difcouraged even the most determined perfeverance; in the known indifpofition of the Prefidency of Bemtay; in the calamities of the Carnatic; in the alarming interference of the Presidency and Select Committee of Fort St. George, by the exaggerated portrait of their affairs in a letter addrefied to our minifter, and fent in circulation through the micft of the Decan and Indoftan, intreating him at all events, and with whatever facrifices, to precipitate the conclufion of the treaty, and fave them from deftruction; but, above all, in the vehement exclamations for peace from men of every defcription in Great Britain. To all these counteractions I have oppofed the principle of firmness and defiance; and, aided by the peculiar talents, warinefs, and incomparable perfeverance of Mr. David Anderson, I have at length brought my wifhes and yours to the deftined point. Perhaps with a lefs able minifter I might yet have failed; but even the merits of his fervices I claim as my own; for it was my choice which called his mind into action, and my confidence that gave it its beft exertion. Pardon, honcurable Sirs, this digrefive exultation. I cannot fupprefs the pride which I feel in this fuccefsful atchieve-plan. There was indeed an interval, and that ment of a measure fo fortunate for your interests, and the national honour; for that pride is the fource of my zeal fo frequently exerted in your fupport, and never more happily than in thofe inflances in which I have departed from the prefcribed and beaten path of action, and aflumed a refponfitility which has to frequently drawn on me the most pointed effects of your difpleafore. But, however I may yield to my private feelings by thus enJarging on the fubject, my motive in introducing it was iminediately connected with its context, and was to contraft the actual ftate of your political affairs, derived from a happier influence, with that which might have attended an earlier diffolution of it. GENT. MAG. November, 1783, You, honourable Sirs, can atteft the pati ence and temper with which I have fubmitted to all the indignit es which have been heaped upen me in this long fervice. It was the duty of fidelity which I effentially owed to it; it was the return of gratitude which I owed, even with the facrifice of life, had that been exacted, to the Company, my original mafters and moft in 'ulgent patrons. To thefe principles have I devoted every private feeling, and perfevered in the violent maintenance of my office; becaufe I was confcious that I potfefied, in my integrity, and in the advan tages of local knowledge, thofe means of dif charging the functions of it with credit to myfelf, and with advantage to my employers, which might be wanting in more fplendid talents; and because I had always a ground of hope that my long fufferance would difarm the prejudices of my adverfares, or the rota tion of time produce that concurience in the critis of your fortune with my own, whith might place me in the fituation to which I afpired. In the mean time there was nothing in any actual fate of your affairs which could difcourage me from the profecution of this of fame duration, in which my authority was The cafe is how mod widely different. While your exiflence was threatened by wara with the most formidable powers of Europe, added to your Indian enemies; and while you confelfedly owed its prefervation to the feafon. able and vigorous exertions of this Govern ment; you chole that feafon to annihilate its con conftitutional powers. You annihilated the influence of its executive member;you proclaimed its annihilation ;—you virtually called on his affociates to withdraw their fupport from him, and they have withdrawn it. But you have fubftituted no other inftrument of rule in his ftead, unless you fuppofe that it may exift, and can be effectually exercifed, in the body of your Council at large; poffeffing no power of motion, but an inert fubmiffion to the letter of your commands; which, however neceffary in the wife intention of the legiflature, has never yet been applied to the cftablishment of any original plan or fyftem of measures, and feldom felt but in inftances of perfonal favour or perfonal difpleafore. Under fuch a fituation, I feel myself impelled, by the same spirit which has h therto animated me to retain my poft against all the attempts made to extrude me from it, to adopt the contrary line. The feafon for contention is paft. The prefent ftate of affairs is not able to bear it. I am morally certain, that my fucceffor in this Government, whoever he may be, will be allowed to poffefs and exercife the neceffary powers of his ftation, with the confidence and fupport of thofe, who, by their choice of him, will be interested in his fuccefs. I am become a bur then to the fervice; and would inftantly relieve it from the incumbrance, were I not apprehenfive of creating worfe confequences by my abrupt removal from it. Such an act would probably be confidered, by Mahdajee Sindia, as a defertion of h m in the inftant of his accomplishment of his treaty, and defeat the purposes of it, which remain yet to be effected by his agency. I am allo perfua led that it would be attended with the lofs of the commander in chief, in whofe prefence alone I look for the restoration of peace to the Carnatic, which he, perhaps, would think too hazardous an undertaking with no other fupport than that of a broken Government. I have now no with remaining but to fee the clofe of this calamitous fcene, and for that I hope a very few months will be fufficient. My fervices may afterwards be fafely with drawn; but will fill be due, in my concep tion of what I owe to my first constituents, until they can be regular y fupplied by thofe of my appointed fucceffor, or until his fucceffion fhall have been made known, and the interval but hort for his arrival. It therefore remains to perform the duty which I had affigned to myself as the final purpofe of this letter, to declare, as I now formally do, that it is my defire that you will be pleafed to obtain the early nomination of a perion to fucceed me in the Government of Fort William; to declare, that it is my intention to relign your fervice as foon as I can do it without prejudice to your affairs, after the allowance of a competent time for your hoice of a perfon to fucceed me; and to declare, that if, in the intermediate time, you all proceed to order the restoration of Rajah Cheyt Sing to the Zemindary, from which by the powers I legally pofleffed, and conceive myfelf legally bound to affert, against any fubfequent authority to the contrary derived from the fame common fource, he was difpoffefled for crimes of the greatest enormity, and your Council fhall refolve to execute the order; I will inftantly give up my station and the fervice. To thefe declarations fuffer me to add this refervation: that if, in the mean time, the acts of which I complain fhall, on a mature revifal of them, be revoked, and I fhall find myself poffetled of fuch a degree of your confidence as thall enable me to fupport the doties of my ftation, will continue in it until the peace of all your poffeffions fhall be reftored, or it shall be your pleasure to allow me to refign it. I have the honour to be, Your moft obedient and faithful fervant, WARREN HASTINGS. P. S. Upon a careful revifal of what I have written, I fear that an expreffion which I have used refpecting the probable conduct of the Board, in the event of orders being re- ceived for the restoration of Cheyt Sing, may be conftrued as intimating a fenfe of diffatif faction applied to transactions already paffed. It is not my intention to complain of any one; but to vindicate my own character, and to ftate the difficulties of my fituation. Neither do I mean, by excepting one perfon, to pass a cenfure on any others. Yet I feel, in my efteem for Mr. Wheler, and in my folicitude to avoid even the imputation of reflecting unjustly on his conduct, a duty impelling me to declare, that, in my experience of it, fince the time that we were firt in the habits of mutual confidence, it has been fair and honourable to myself, and zealous to the public; equally free from profeffion and fubterfuge, and his fupport, given to me in every infance, equal to whatever claim Imight have to it. The King of GREAT BRITAIN'S DECLA• RATION relative to the Peace. HE king having entirely agreed with TH his moft Chriftian majefty upon the ar ticles of the definitive treaty, will feek every means which shall not only enfure the execution thereof, with his accustomed good faith and punctuality, but will befides give, on his part, all poffible efficacy to the prin ciples which fhall prevent even the leaft fonndation of difpute for the future. To this end, and in order that the fishermen of the two nations may not give caufe for daily quarrels, his Britannic majesty will take the mott politive measures for preventing his fubjects from interrupting, in any manner, by their competition, the fishery of the French, during the temporary exercife of it which is granted to them, upon the coafts of the Illand of Newfoundland; and he will, for this purpose, caufe the Sxed fettlements which fhall be formed there to be removed. His Britannic majefty will give orders that the French fishermen be not incommoded in cutting the wood neceffary for the repair of their fcaffolds, huts, and fishing veffels. The 13th article of the treaty of Utrecht, and the method of carrying on the fishery which has at all times been acknowledged, fhall be the plan upon which the fithery fhall be carried on there; it shall not be deviated from by either party; the French fishermen building only their fcaffolds, confining themselves to the repair of their fishing veffels, and not wintering there; the fubjects of his Britannic majesty, on their part, not molefting, in any manner, the French fishermen, during their fishing, nor injuring their fcaffolds during their abfence. The King of Great Britain, in ceding the inlands of St. Pierre and Miquelon to France, regards them as ceded for the purpose of ferving as a real fhelter to the French fisher men; and in full confidence that thefe poffeffions will not become an object of jealoufy between the two nations; and that the fishery between the faid iflands, and that of Newfoundland, fhall be limited to the middle of the channel, With regard to India, Great Britain having granted to France every thing that can afcertain and confirm the trade which the latter requires to carry on there, his majefty relies with confidence on the repeated affurances of the Court of Verfailles, that the power of furrounding Chandernagore with a ditch for carrying of the waters, fhall not be exercifed in fuch a r.anner as to make it become an object of umbrage. The new flate in which commerce may perhaps be fouud, in all parts of the world, will demand revifions and explanations of the fubfifting treaties, but an entire abrogation of thofe treaties, in whatever period it might be, would throw commerce into fuch confufion as would be of infinite prejudice to it. In fome of the treaties of this fort, there are not only articles which relate merely to Commerce, but many others which enfure reciprocally, to the respective subjects, privileges, facilities for conducting their affairs, perfonal protections, and other advantages, which are not, and which ought not to be of a changeable nature, fuch as the regulations relating merely to the value of goods and merchandize, variable from circumstances of every kind. When therefore the ftate of the trade between the two nations fhall be treated upon, it is requifite to be underfood, that the alterations which may be made in the fubfifting treaties, are to extend only to arrangements merely commercial; and that the privileges and advantages, mutual and particular, be not only preferved on each fide, but even augmented, if it can be done. In this view, his majefty has confented to the appointment of commiffaries, on each fide, who fhall treat folely upon this object, In witnefs whereof, we his Britannic majesty's ambafador extraordinary and mis nifter plenipotentiary, being duly autho rized, have figned the prefent declaration, and caufed the feal of our arms to be fet thereto. Given at Verfailles, the 3d of Sept. 1783. (L. S) MANCHESTER. COUNTER-DECLARATION. THE principles which have guided the king, in the whole courfe of the negociations which preceded the re-establishment of peace, must have convinced the king of Great Britain, that his majefty has had no other defign than to render it folid and latting, by preventing, as much as poffible, in the four quarters of the world, every subject of difcuffion and quarrel. The king of Great Britain undoubtedly places too much confidence in the uprightnefs of his majesty's intentions, not to rely upon his conftant attention to prevent the islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon from becoming an object of jealoufy between the two nations. As to the fishery on the coast of New. foundland, which has been the object of the new arrangements fettled by the two fovereigns upon this matter, it is fufficiently afcertained by the 5th article of the treaty of peace figned this day, and by the decla ration likewife delivered to-day, by his Britannick majesty's ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary; and his majesty de clares, that he is fully fatisfied on that head. In regard to the fishery between the island of Newfoundland, and thofe of St. Pierre and Miquelon, it is not to be carried on, by either party, but to the middle of the channel; and his majesty will give the most pofitive orders, that the French fishermen fhall not go beyond this line. His majefty is firmly perfuaded that the king of Great Britain will give like orders to the English fishermen. The king's defire to maintain the peace comprehends India as well as the other parts of the world; his Britannick majefty may therefore be affured, that his majefty fhall never permit that an object fo inoffenfive, and fo harmlefs, as the ditch, with which Chandernagore is to be furrounded, fhould give any umbrage to the court of London. The king, in propofing new arrangements of commerce, had no other defign than to remedy, by the rules of reciprocity and mutual convenience, whatever may be defective in the treaty of commerce figned at Utrecht, in 1713. The king of Great Britain may judge from thence, that his Ma jelty's intention is not in any wife to cancel all the stipulations in the abovementioned treaty; he declares, on the contrary, from henceforth, that he is difpofed to maintain all the privileges, facilities, and advantages expreffed expreffed in that treaty, as far as they thall be reciprocal, or compenfated by equivalent advantages. Is it to attain this end, defired on each fide, that commiffaries are to be ap pointed to treat up on the fate of the trade between the two nations, and that a confiderable space of time is to be allowed for compleating their work. His Majefty hopes that this object will be puifued with the fame good faith, and the fame fpirit of conciliation, which prefided over the difcuffion of all the other points comprifed in the defini tive treaty; and his faid majefiy is firmly perfuaded that the refpe&tive commiffaries will employ the utmoft diligence for the completion of this important work. In witness whereof, we, the underwritten minifter plenipotentiary of his moft Chriftian majefty, being thereto duly authorized, have figned the present counter-declaration, and have caufed the feal of our arms to be affixed thereto. Given at Verfailles, Sept. 3, 1783. (L. S) GRAVIER DE VERGENNFS. We, ambasador plenipotentiary of his imperial and royal apoftclick majelly, having acted as mediator in the work of pacification, declare that the treaty of peace figned this day at Verfalls, between his Britannick majefy and his moth Chriftian majeliy, with the two feparate articles thereto annexed, and of which they form a part, as alfo with all the claufes, conditions, and flipulations, which are therein contained, was concluded by the mediation of her Imperial majefly of all the Ruffias. witnefs whereof, we have figned these prefents with our hands, and I have caused the feals of our aims to be affixed thereto. Done at Vertailles, Sept. 3, 1783. In LE COMTE DE MERCY ARGENTEAU. (L. S) We, minifters plenipotentiary of her Imperial majefty of all the Ruffias, having acted as mediators in the work of pacification, declare that the treaty of peace, figned this day at Verfailles, between hus Britannick malefly, and his moft Chriflion majefty, with the two fparate articles thereto annexed, and of which they form a part, as alfo with all the claufes, conditions, and ftipulations which are therein contained, was concluded by the mediation of her Imperial majefty of all the Roffias. In witnefs whereof, we have figued thefe prefents with our hands, and have caufed the feals of our arms to be affixed thereto. Done at Verfailles, the third of September, one thousand feven hundred and eighty-three. (L. S.) PRINCE IVAN BARIATINSKOY. (L.S. A. MARCOFF. The DEFINITIVE TREATY of PEACE and FRIENDSHIP btween HIS BRITANNIC MAJESTY and the KING of SPAIN, figned at the fame time, [The preamble and three first artiles (mutatis mutandis) are verbatim the fam with those in the French treaty, so need not be reteated.} Art. IV, THE King of Great Britain cedes, in full right, to his a holic majefty, the island of Minorca; provided that the fame ftipulations infested in the following article fhall take place in favour of the Britith fubjects, with regard to the abovementioned ifland. V. His Britannic majetty likewife cedes and guarentees, in full right, to his Catho lie majefty, Eaft Florut, as alfo Welt Flo rida. His Catholic afty agrees that the Brith inhabitants, or others we may have been fubjects of the K of Great Britain in the faid countries, may set re in full fe curity and liberty where they thall think proper, and may fell their estates, and remove their effects, as well as their persons, without being reftrained in their emigration, under any pretence whatever, except on account of debts, or criminal profecutions; the term limited for this emigration being fixed to the space of eighteen months, to be computed from the day of the exchange of the ratifications of the prefent treaty: but if, from the value of the poffeffions of the Englifh proprietors, they should not be able to difpofe of them within the faid term, then his Catholic majefty fhall grant them a proclamation proportioned to that end. It is further ftipulated, that his Britannic majefty fhall have the power of removing from East Florida all the effects which may belong to him, whether artillery or other matters. VI. The intention of the two high contrafting parties being to prevent, as much as poffible, all the caufes of complaint and mifunderstanding heretofore occafioned by the cutting of wood for dying, or logwood; and feveral English fettlements having been formed and extended, under that pretence, upon the Spanish continent; it is exprefly ag eed that his Britannic majesty's fubjects thall have the right of cutting, loading, and carrying away logwood, in the district lying between the river Wallis or Bellize, and Rio Hondo, taking the courfe of the faid two rivers-for unalterable boundaries, fo as that the navigation of them be common to both nations, to wit, by the river Wallis or Bellize, from the fea, afcending as far as oppofite to a lake or inlet, which runs into the land, and forms an ifthmus or neck, with another fimilar inlet, which comes from the fide of Rio Nuevo or New River, at its current. The faid line fhall continue with the courfe of Rio Nuevo, defcending as far as oppofite to a river, the fource of which is marked in the map, between Rio Nuevo and Pio Hondo, and which empties itself into Rio Hondo; which river fhall alfo ferve as a common boundary as far as its junction with Rio Hondo; and from thence defcending by Rio Hondo to the fea, as the whole is marked on the map which the plenipotentiaries |