already fome particulars in your laft, p. 832.), Dr. Long, and Mr. Samuel Richardfon, when compared with the many curious particulars of the latter already printed in the "Anecdotes of Bowyer," will be no unpleasing morceau to the lovers of biography. They are from the papers of Mr. Jones, which have already furnished fome communications, and fhall fornish more, from

Yours, &c. EUGENIO. Dr. RICHARD NEWTON. A very fenfible, thoughtful, judicious, and a truly honeft nian. Ilis writings fhew his learning, judgement, and integrity, and his life exemplified every Chriftian virtue.

He was my very good friend, and a promoter of my ftudies. I entirely loved and refpected him living, and fall al. ways revere his memory now he is dead. Several large pages would not fuffice to exprefs his real worth.

Mok orderly and exact in his family at Launden Grange (where I often vi fited him), as well as in his college. Difcreet and punctual in every part of his conduct. Highly and justly cftcem. ed by all the wife and good.

He lamented the indolence and inactivity, and was grieved to obferve the fecular views and ambitious fchemes, of fome of the Heads of Colleges and Halls. But he, for his own part, refolved to do his duty, as became a good governor, and a friend to ufeful difcipline aud learning.

An example of temperance and decency in every part of his behaviour; and of great moderation aifo, in refpe&t of the diferent fentiments of his fellowproteftants. He valued, and occasion. ally vifted, and would converfe and fometimes-dine with, Dr. Doddridge, when he came to Northampton. He faw that they both aimed at the fame great and good end, in fitting up hopeful young ftudents for the Chriftian inituity.

He utually made excurfions, in the long vacations, into various parts of the kingdoin, moft commonly taking with him, for company and improvement, one or more young gentlemen of fortune in his college, at the requeft, and with the approbation, of their parents. He was himfelf, in every refpect, a gentleman and a man of refined good breeding. You might ke this in every part

of his conversation.

At evening, upon fuch journeys, he would, a little before bed-time, defire his young pupils to indulge him in a

fhort vacation of about half an hour, for his own private recollections. During that little interval they were filent, and he would fmoke his pipe with great compofure, and then chat with them again in an ufeful manner for a short pace, and, bidding them good night, go to his reft.

Bp. Compton, who had a kind affection and juft efteem for him, collated him to the rectory of Sudbury, in the Doctor's native county of Northampton. He refided there for fome years, and, during his refidence, difcharged all the parts of his office as a parith-minifter with exemplary care and fidelity.

Among other particulars, he read the evening-prayers of the Liturgy at his church on the week-day evenings, at feven of the clock, hay-time and harveft I fuppofe excepted, for the benefit of his parihioners, fuch as could then affemble for public devotions.

When he left the place, returning again to Oxford [about 1724], he en joined his respective curates fucceffively, three worthy men (Mr. Baker, Mr.

and Mr. Saunders), to keep up the fate good rule; which they faithfully obferved.

He exerted alfo his beft endeavours, from time to time, to prevail with the fucceeding Bifhops of London (Gibfon more particularly) to beflow his faid rectory on his cuiate for the time being, and on each fucceflively, and he would refign the charge: each of the appli cations without fuccefs. By the way, his Lordship was continually teazed for preferment (and particularly for --) by his kinfman Jones, the editor of Horace, &c. whom he afterwards collated to the rectory of Uppingham in Rutland. His Lordfhip's fucceffor, Bp. Sherlock, readily confented to Dr. New ton's propofal, and Mr. Saunders accordingly fucceeded the Doctor in the tory.

As Jones was the fecret adverfary, of whofe threwd queftions the author of "Pluralitics indefenfible" takes notice in the fubfequent editions of that valuable treatife; you may there fce that, for the space of 20 years after the faid author left refiding upon the fpot, he never pocketed a fathing of the profits thereof, freely beftowing them all, partly upon his curate, partly in works of charity to the poor of his parith, and the remaining portions towards the defraying of other neceifary expences chargeable upon the faid benefice.

At

the Norfolk diale&t, instead of saying, Domine ce-Cancellarie, did very archly pronounce the words thus, Domina Vice-Cancelaria; which occafioned a general fimile in that great auditory.

His friend the late Mr. Bonfoy* of Ripton told me this little incident: That he and Dr. Long walking together in Cambridge, in a dufky evening, and coming to a fhort poft fixed in the pavement, which Mr. B. in the midft of chat and inattention took to be a boy ftanding in his way, he faid in a hurry, "Get out of my way, boy." That bor, Sir (faid the Doctor very calmly and flily), is a poft-boy, who turns out of bis way for nobody.

I could recollect feveral other ingenious repartees, if there were occafion. One thing is remarkable. He never was a hale and hearty man; always of a tender and delicate conftitution, yet took great care of it. His common drink, water. He always dines with the fellows in the hall. Of late years he has left off eating flesh-meats; in the room thereof, puddings, vegetables, &c. Sometimes a glafs or two of wine.

Mr. SAMUEL RICHARDSON, Printer. (A REAT GENIUS.) Dr. Young tells me, that he has been long and intimately acquainted with him, and has always had the highest efteem for him, on account of the many excellences, natural and moral, which he difcerned in him. As the Doctor has had much free converfation with him, he is acquainted with many particulars relating to him, which are known to none, or to but very few, befides himself.

Mr. Richardfon having not had the advantage of a complete education (as the fituation and circumftances of his father would not allow him to beftow itt), Dr. Young, to whom he was recounting the various difficulties he had paffed through, afking him, "How he came to be an author? He anfwered, When I was about 12 years of age, I drew up a short character of a certain gentlewoman in the parith, who was reputed a great Saint, but I looked upon her to be a great hypocrite. The character, it fees, was fo exactly drawn, that when it came to be privately handed

Father to the late C.erk of the Houfe

of Commons.

+ A farver in Derk hire.

He was educated at Chrift's hofpital.

about amongst fome felect friends, every one could difcern the features, and appropriate the picture to the true origi nal, though no name was affixed to it. This little fuccefs at firft fetting out did, you will naturally fuppofe, tempt me at different times to employ my pen yet further in fome trivial amufements or other for my own diverfion, till at length, though many years after, I fat down to write in good earnest, going upon fubjects that took my fancy moft, and following the bent of my natural inclination, &c."

Dr. Young made this pertinent and juft obfervation, that this man with the advantages only or chiefly of mere nature, improved by a very moderate progrefs in education, ftruck out at once, and of his own accord, into a new pro vince of writing, and fucceeded therein to admiration. Nay, what is more remarkable, and feldom feen in any other writers, he both began and finished the plan on which he fet out, leaving no room for any one after him to make it more complete, or even to come near him and it is certain, that not one of the various writers that foon after, and ever fince, attempted to imitate him, have any way equalled him, or even come within a thousand paces of him. That kind of Romance was and is peculiarly his own, and feems like to cons tinue fo. "I confider him," faid Dr. Young," as a truly great natural ge nius; as great and fuper-eminent in bis way, as were Shakspeare and Milton in theirs."

Mr. Shotbolt tells me, that when Mr. Richardfon came down to Wellwyn, with the late Speaker Onflow and other friends, to vifit Dr. Young, he took up his quarters with Mr. Shotbolt, there being not room enough at the Doctor's; and that, getting up early, about five of the clock. he wrote two of the best letters in Sir Charles Grandifon in one or two mornings before breakfast. Mr. Onflow had a high cftcem for him; and not only might, but actually woul have promoted him to fome honourable and profitable ftation at court; but the good man neither defired nor would accept of fuch pofts *, &c. being much better pleafed with his own private way of living.

Mr. Richardfon, befides his being a great genfus, was a truly good man in all refpects; in his family, in commerce, His bufinefs being very prohiable, and his fortune good. EDIT.

in converfation, and in every inftance of conduct. Pious, virtuous, exemplary, benevolent, friendly, generous and humane to an uncommon degree, glad of every opportunity of doing good offices to his fellow-creatures in diftrefs, and relieving many without their knowledge. His chief delight is doing good. Highly revered and beloved by his domeftics, because of his happy temper and difcreet conduct Great tenderness towards his wife and children, and great condefcenfion towards his fervants.

He was always very fedulous in bufinefs, and almoft always employed in it; and dispatched a great deal by the pru dence of his management, &c.

Mem. The tender touches of his compofitor Mr. Tewley, in his letter to Dr. Young, foon after the death of his good mafter.

MR. URBAN,

Nov. 2.

IN anfiver to Mr. Barclay's 1st Queftion, (p. 674) take the following paffage from Madox's Baronia Anglica, PP. 133, 134.

"It is true, in ancient times, the earls and barons of England did often call their chief tenants barones. The earls and great lords did then in many particulars imitate the form and fashion of the king's court. As the king had, fo had they their dapifers or fenefchalls, chamberlains, and other officers in their houfcholds, and likewife abroad their barones, their chief chivalerian tenants.

"The_barons properly fo called were the Barones Regis. Mr. Selden, Sir H. Spelman, and others, feem to have been fond of the diftinction of Barones majores and minores; but I do apprehend it is a frigid diftinction, and of no folid ufe. But the king's barons only, and no others, were properly called Barons. For they, and no others, were the king's men or homagers holding of him by barony. Of thefe fome might be, and were, greater than others; i. e. fome of them might have, and indeed had, larger baronies than others, a greater number of knights, and a greater extent of demefnes and rents, but in general they were all peers: as fome citizens of the fame city may be greater than others in household or wealth, but ftill they are all of the fame ftate and degree. And if a man has a mind to proceed further in trifling, he may fub-diftinguifh, and fay, there were barones majores, minores, and minimi; meaning by the minimi, the barons of

ports and boroughs. So that, in truth, it was not worth while to call these perfons barones minores in oppofition to the barones majores, the king's barons; for the former were of a clais or order different from that of the latter."

Q. 2. The red rofe was the badge of the House of Lancaster, and the white rofe that of the Houfe of York, for the fame arbitrary reafon that other houfes chofe particular badges. The falcon and fetterlock the device of Edmund duke of York, and the eagle and padlock that of John of Gaunt duke of Lancafter, his elder brother (though, after all, these may be one and the fame device differently reprefented *); the fox-tail dependant, the device of Henry IV. t; a rofe within a fun that of Edw. IV. t, and others which have had a meaning put upon them. But of the two rofes take Camden's account |. "As John of Gaunt, duke of Lançafter, "ufed a red rofe for his device in right "of his wife, Maud of Lancaster; fo "Edmund his brother took for his a "white rofe, which the fautors and fol"lowers of their heirs did afterwards "bear for diftinction in that bloody war "between the families of Lancaster and "York; long before which affumption a white-rofe tree at Longleat did bear upon one branch a fair white rofe on "the one fide, and as fair a red rofe "on the other, which might be interpreted to have been a foietoken of "that divifion."

66

66

66

Q4. The rout made about noble blood by Horace, B II. Ode iv. is mere poetic rant to his friend Xanthias Phoccus, who pretended to be nice in his amours, and at the fame time was cruelly jealous of Horace. Every one knows how great is the power of education and circumftances on' perfons of every condition. They can draw forth a mute inglorious Milton," or a Cromwell guiltlefs of his country's blood." Genius, any more than courage, is not hereditary. There is no doubt but the meaneft peafant or flave, with proper cultivation, may rife fuperior to the most princely blockhead with like advantages. Great allowance must be made for natural parts, which may be alike in all.

Q5. Andrew Boorde was phyfician to Henry VIII. confequently could not

*Sandford, Genealog. Hift. pp. 249, 375. + lb. p. 265. + Ib. p. 387. Remains, p. 214.

write nor live in 1643. He took a dofe of poifon in 1548. The citation from him is not faithful. In his "Compendious Regimente or Dietarye of Health," printed 1562, 12mo. fpeaking of ale, he fays, "ale is made of malte and wa"ter, and they the whiche do put anye "other thynge to ale than is rcherfed, excepte yeft, barme, or goddes good, doeth fophyftycall there ale;" plainly implying that yet, barme, or godde's good, are fynonymous terms for one and the fame thing. Accordingly that excellent lexicographer Dr. Johnfen explains yeft by barm, and barm by yeft; but god'sgood was too antiquated a word to have fallen in his way and indeed, I know not where elfe to point it out but in the paffage in queftion.

:

Q.7. may be anfwered by another query. One merit of flour, or any powdered fubftance, being drynefs, is it not a reflection on, or injury to, a miller or yender of fuch fubftances when they are debafed or moiftened by any hetero geneous mixture?

Q. 8. has been already well anfivered by your refpectable correfpondent Paul Gemfege in your 24th volume, p. 67. He fuppofes turning cat in pan a corruption of turning cate, the old word for cake, in pan. See alfo p. 212 of the fame volume. As to Meirs. E. H. and W. H. with their derivation of English words, 1689, in the fame volume, p. 172, I know no more of them than of their friends the Caripani, a perfidious people in Calabria and Apulia, or of the gravers, by which I fuppofe is meant cutters or paiers of turfs, who turn the top of turves downwards, as an etymology for toply turvy; which Mr. Upton on Spenfer, vol. VIII. 43. more fenfibly makes a corruption from the top fide of any thing being turned down.

If thy friend Ebenezer thinks any of thefe answers to his queries vague and unfatisfactory, he will fee the reafon why his 3d and 6th querics are not anfwered at all by D. H.

P. S. I know not what honourable mention is made of the Roman gencral Egidius in Mr. Gibbon's Hiftory; but in other hiftories nearer his time he is reprefented as an afurper of the crown of the Franks from Childeric, who having by his ill-behaviour juftly offended

Another correfpondent fays, "Unlefs the author meant by God's good" God's bleffing with and upon you, must not he have meant hops?" EDIT.

his fubjects, thought it prudent to make a temporary retreat till matters could be brought about again. In the interim Egidius, who had the chief command of the Roman forces in Gaul, afcended the throne, and maintained poffeffion of it about five years, till a trufy friend of Childeric's difpofed the minds of his fubjects in favour of their rightful fo vereign. Thus Gregory of Tours tells the ftory, H. c. 12. See Univ. Hift. XIX. 403. n. U. Le Beaut indeed compliments Ægidius on his courage, and fpeaks of his ufurpation as a wom derful revolution, and in high terms of his moderation in not revolting from the Romans when he was at the head of the Franks, or enflaving his new fubjects to his old masters, at the fame time that he infinuates that he was aware of the intrigues carrying on to reftore Childeric. After the affaffination of the em peror Majorianus, Egidius revolted from his fucceffor; but foon after found himfelf obliged to refign his own crown. He retired A. D. 464 or 5 to Soiffons, where he came to a violent end. Montfaucon underftands from the words of Gregory of Tours, His ergo regnantibus fimul, that Childeric admitted Egidius to a fhare of the government. The judicious Henault omits all the uncertain period of the French History before Clo vis, and begins his abridgement 30 years later.

All thefe circumftances confidered, the ftyle of the infcription, and the name of the fculptor Morettus, fo like an Italian name latinized, induce me to conclude the ftatue defcribed by your correfpondent R. C. to be a work of fome later mafter, and as fuch excluded from the fplendid edition of the Marmora Oxonienfia. At the fame time I must acknowledge, that among the 13 perfons of the name of Egidius, exclufive of the perfon before-mentioned, enumerated by Hoffman in his Lexicon, I find but one to whom the ftatue in queftion can be fairly afcribed; and he was a Paduan, who firk modelled the laws of the Venetian ftate after its foundation, confequently he could hardly be called Romanus. If therefore the ftatue is to be afcribed to the other Ægidius, at leaft Morettus was an artist of a later period.

Hift. du Bas Empire, VII. 439. 454: 471-479.

Monumens de la Monarchie Françoise,
EDIT.

fol. 8, 9.