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smaller. And in some cases the said spinner is suppressed, by fixing to the top of this cone at a one of its drawing systems, receiving motion from a fixed pinion, which serves at the same time as a collar for this end of the cone to move in. Or in fine, if a fired pinion should give too much drawing tendency (as was before observed), then with a proper wheel a motion of its own is given to that pinion, differing from that of the cone. and drawing system, that the effect may be as desired. In witness whereof, &c.

Specification of the Patent granted to WILLIAM NEWBERRY, of St. John Street, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman; for an Invention of certain Machinery for the Purpose of sawing Wood, splitting or paring Skins, and various other useful Purposes.

Dated January 30, 1808.

With a Plate.

To all to whom these presents shall come, &c. NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I the said William Newberry do hereby declare, that my said invention is described and ascertained in and by the drawings hereunto annexed, and the following description thereof; that is to say: First, my invention consists of a method of working an endless revolving saw-blade over two dumb wheels or rollers, to be used for any of the purposes to which a common saw may be applied; to this sort of saw a variety of machinery may be attached for guiding the pieces to be cut, for the manner of doing which the annexed drawing will give an explanation.

Fig.

32 Patent for sawing Wood, splitting or paring Skins, &c.

Fig. 1, (Plate III.) A, is a cast-iron frame to carry the wheels. B B are the wheels, having eacl: an iron plate screwed behind it, to prevent the saw from running off backward. C C is the blade of the saw. D is a bench or platform on which the piece to be cut is laid. E E are two semicircles of iron fixed thereto, whose centres are parallel to that part of the saw-blade which is even with the top of the bench; one of these is marked with the divisions of a circle, by which means on turning them in the sliders, the bench may be placed at any angle to the blade of the saw, and there fixed by means of the screws F. Gis a guide to keep the saw from running out of its line; close under the bench is another guide like it. HH are two wedges to force down the lower wheel, so as to give the saw the necessary tension. I is the piece to be cut, which may be brought forward to the saw either by hand or by passing it between rollers in the well-known way now practised for drawing iron, &c. therefore, on carrying the wheels to revolve by any moving power, the saw continually passes through the piece till it is cut.

Fig. 2, are guides for cutting parallel pieces from any kind of planks or boards. A, is a part of the bench; and B, of the saw. C is a slider, having in the end of it any number of small rollers parallel to the saw; this slide moves in and out at pleasure, and is fixed by a thumbscrew. D is a roller fixed to a universal joint, and pressed in by the springs EE; therefore upon C being fixed at any distance from the saw, the roller D pressing the piece close against C, a parallel piece is taken off throughout, however the plank may be warped or twisted; if the bench is elevated so as to cause the rollers in C to form an angle with the saw, a feather-edged piece is

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taken off. If any shape not much out of a line is wanted, it may be cut by laying a pattern by the side of the piece.

Fig. 3, A is the piece to be cut; then by laying on the pattern B; and fixing the rollers in C, Fig. 2, the saw will pass the dotted line corresponding nearly with the outside of B.

Fig. 4, is a guide for cutting circles of all sizes; A is a part of the bench, and B of the saw; C is a socket sliding on a rod which is marked, so that the centre of the intended circle is immediately determined from it; D is a rod and pair of claws turning on a centre to guide the piece to be cut, then by fixing the socket C at the proper distance from the saw, the piece is passed up to the saw in the required width. Secondly, for splitting or paring of skins, the two wheels are laid level instead of being over each other, and an endless knife is worked upon them, to which is affixed two whetstones one above and the other below it, so as to sharpen the knife as it goes; it is used with the rollers, &c. of a common skin splitter; the plate of steel for the saw or knife may have. its two ends rivetted and brazed together, or they may be shut before it is brought to its thinness, and drawnt down afterwards. Although I have described the saw or knife in the way I have made it, yet it may be put in a variety of other forms, either with working it over one roller with the assistance of slides, or over more than two rollers, or may be kept on the rollers by pegs or stubs on them with corresponding holes in the saw; the framing may likewise be made in a variety of shapes of wood or metal; but the one here described answers every purpose. In witness whereof, &c.

VOL. XIII.-SECOND SERIES.

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