conclufions; and that, whatfoever fuccefs it has, the rest of the actions of his life have not patled with fo much filence, that if nothing be due to his skill, there may at least fomething be allowed to his good fortune. It was no little thing for Sir Hugh, a young man, and of no confiderable fortune, to get himfelf into a public contract, joined with two men of the first eminency, the one for land, the other for fea, fervice. It was a great thing, after an eftate fell to him, to get out of the incumbrances of the faid contract fo honourably and fo fairly as he did. Admit his paffage by land to Tangier was begun upon never fo much want of reafon, yet it brought him thither timely enough, with profperity and good fuccefs. "Among his more private concernments must be reckoned an improvement to his eftate of 2500l. the year from his allum, which, being a bufinefs of great intricacy, and depending upon the fatisfying of divers interefis, paffed not without a debt greatly due to his particular industry and care; nor did the quarrels forced upon him at his firft acceffes to the court, from a great and brave man, end at all to his dishonour, with any perfonal reflections upon his conduct or courage." The expence of this Mole, from Mar. 25, 1663, to Dec. 31, 1668, while it was under the direction of the Earl of Tiviot, Sir John Lawfon, and Sir Hugh Cholmley, jointly, was £.84,800, and, including falaries and money advanced, L. 103,965, which, added to the ex pences under the management of Sir Hugh, from the end of the foregoing account to June 30, 1676, amounting to £. 119,932. 55. 44. 4, made the total expenditure for the Tangier Mole £.243,897.55.44.4. About four years after, the King applying to his Parliament for a freth fupply, for the relief of the place, then beteged by the King of Morocco, met with a refufal, and fuch strong remonstrances against it, that, in the end of 1684, he fent Lord Dartmouth with a fleet to defroy the town, cattle, and mole, and fill up the harbour, which took up fix months. From this time it has been only a poor Moorish fishing port. Thus ended the expenfive poffeffion of a place which had been part of the dower of Queen Catherine of Portugal, on her marriage with Charles II. 1662*, and which the King next year declared a free port +-Sir Hugh lived to see the end of all his labours, and died and was buried at Whitby, 1688. In confideration of his Alphonfo, King of Portugal, took it from the Moors in 1471. † See Rapin, XIII. 297, 311; XIV. 163, 264, 350. fervices there, Charles II. granted him, 1674, a royal charter for many liberties, franchifes, and privileges in the manor and port of Whitby, which his defendants fill continue to enjoy*. Hugh Cholmley, Efq of Whitby and HoufTangier, now in his 67th year, has ham, great grandfon of Sir Hugh, of printed the above memoirs at his own expence. Hollar etched 12 views of Tangier, 1669, making a fet, befides three more long flips of half a sheet; and as del. is added to them, it should feem that he was on the spot. 128. Collefims for a Hiftory of Sandwich. Part I. 4to. WE congratulate the antiquarian republick on the addition to the commen ftock from fo able a writer as the Hiftorian of Sandwich. This firft part indeed contains only an account of the Hofpitals of St. Bartholomew, St. John, St. Thomas, the Carmelite Friary, the Chantriest, the Free Grammar-fchool. founded by Sir Roger Manwood, Kent. 1563, whole monument in St. Stephen's church at Sandwich is here engraved. The other prints are, the Gate and Chapel of St. Bartholomew's Hospital; the Free-fchool; Seals of the Hofpital, Friary, and Free-fchool, Plans of the Eftates belonging to the Hofpital and School; Autograph of Sir Roger Manwood. The fecond part will begin with the churches and parishes, and the other fubjects will be arranged nearly as they tand in the propofals; and Mr. Boys hopes the whole will be ready for delivery in the course of this year. 129. The Evangelical Library, or Repository of See alfo Mr. Charlton's " History of "Whitby," p. 290-324; where, p. 370, by mistake Sir Hugh Cholmley is called gover nor of Tangier, whereas he was only re weyor-general of the works; and that place had only three governors while in the hands of the English, the Earl of Tiviot, Lord Middleton, and the Earl of Inchiquin. + The last chaplain of St. Thomas's Chan try was a learned schoolmaster, and great beater-down of Papiftry, Warfon, Watson, John Wickliffe, Herman Withius, Dr. Ifaac Watts, Abp. Ufher, and ether eminent Divines, with the Live and Por traits of the different Authors, complete Indexes, Notes, &c. WE have given at large the title of this collection, publishing in weekly numbers at Ed each, amounting to about 20, intended to form an elegant and uniform 8vo edition, at the head of which fand the fermons of Bp. Lati mer. If these are not equal to thote of Sherlock, Jortin, Porteus, or our contemporary preachers, we must remember, that the tafte of the times changes in divinity as much as in drefs or language. Solomon fays, "the words of the wife are as goads," a text which our editors have chofen for their motto; and fhould they bore modern Chriftians, they may not be loft in the regions of Barbican, Moorfields, and Tottenham-courtroad. 130. Sermons by H. Maty. 8vo. OF a very different complection from the preceding, but calculated to answer an end equally good-the relief of a worthy relict and orphan of a confcientious and eccentric man. The editors, the Bishop of St. David's, Dr. Layard, and Mr. Southgate, have made their acknowledgements and apologies to the numerous fubfcribers, and have given them as good an equivalent for their benevolence as they were able. We understand an Appendix to these Sermons has been advertised as ready to be delivered to thofe Subfcribers who of for it; but it is only the author's rea fons for feparating from the establish ment, as printed in our vol. XLVII. p. 466 and we are affured, the publication of this Appendix is a trick upon the editors and their book fellers, being printed, entirely without their privity, by fome zealous Unitarian, who feels hurt by the rejection of fome particular Sermons of Mr. Maty. 131. A Friendly Dialogue, between a common Unitarian Chriflian and an Arbanafian; occafioned by the former's Bebaviour during feme Part of the Public Service: or, an Aitempt to reflore Scripture Forms of Worship. To which is added, a Second Dialogue, between Eugenius and Theophilus, on the fame Subject. 2d Edit. 8vo. AMONG the numerous publications of this nature, we have met with none which more deferve the appropation of candour and fair reafoning n than thefe two Dialogues. The firft is the production of the late reverend and pious Mr. Hopkins, author of an Appeal which, fome years ago, met with very deferved eftimation at its first appearance in the world. The author felt himself fully convinced of his own interpretations of Scripture, and avowed himself an Unitarian, and believed in the divinity and pre exiftence of Chrift. Under these opinions, he had altered the Liturgy agreeable to his fentiments, and therefore continued to hold his preferments in the church; but died with much concern upon his mind, that he had not wholly refifted the claims of a large family, for whofe fupport alone he had not feceded from the Eftablished Church. The dialogue is candid and pious-is calculated to explain, in an cafy familiar manner, the great difputes which have fo continually gaged the learned in discovering the true interpretation of Scripture, and in difcuffing the mode of worship ufed in the Eftablithed Church. The author denies any authority from Scripture for joining the Son and the Holy Spirit in worship to the Father, and that this is inconfiftent with the example of Chrift and his Apostles; that the honour ascribed to Chrift, in the Revelation, was not an equality with the Father, for it was honour due to the Saint who was flain" for our redemption; and therefore, as God could not be flain, it was a reverence naturally due to this refpected creature of God's fervice, and not the worthip due to God; that the Holy Spirit is no other than the guidance and protection of God, which was showered down upon the Apostles for the purpofe of propagating the Gospel after the afcenfion of Chrift; and which influence is promifed to all fincere Chriftians, in the discharge of their molt difficult duties; wherefore they are bap tifed in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit: but that there is no Scripture authority for any prayer or doxology to the Spirit;—and that there is no authority for the three perfons in one God, except in the text of St. John, 1 John v. 7, the three records, which has been proved, beyond doubt, to be an interpolation. Such is the first Dialogue. The fecond is, we underfand, the production of the Rev. Dr. Disney, the worthy fellow-labourer of the amiable Mr. Lindley, who, we doubt not, are both actuated with a lively and devout zeal in the caufe in which they have fo the appearance of fingularity, to join in deeply engaged. Here he canvaffes the the fame worship, publicly, which they restriction of fubfcription to the Articles perform in their clofet, to act confitof the Church; but he cannot remove ently in their conduct, nor to countethe barrier. He even declares that the nance, by their prefence, a mode of claim of a right to establish human for worship which is inconfiftent with their mulacies of religious faith and doctrine convictions. Whatever may be the is directly contrary to the defign and Doctor's convictions, we cannot wholly fpirit of the Gofpel. It is to be obferv. agree with him when he condemns the ed, that, without fome formulary of "tritheifm of the established liturgy as worship, men would be left too much "idolatry." It must be allowed on all to the fate of their own wandering hands, that our reformed Church has thoughts: to be bound to a form of not yet quite cleared away all the objecdoctrine is different from that of wor- tions that might, in an enlightened age ship. It is a certain fact, that many of like this, be raised to its formulary; but the doctrines to which graduates at the furely it is divefted of idolatry when Universities are bound are disbelieved, fymbols are no longer the object of adobecause they are overturned at the very ration, but God is worshiped in a manmoment of matriculation. The Doctor ner, or threefold character, which men, reprobates, with becoming warmth, the equally zealous as the Doctor himself, practice of requiring every perfon to re- deem the juft interpretation of holy ceive the Lord's fupper according to Scripture. We cannot, however, withthe rites of a particular Church, previ- hold our warmeft commendation of his ous to his acceptance of a place of civil active zeal, and the very firenuous truft, as entirely foreign to the defign manner in which he perfuades his of the Inftitutor, a grofs proftitution of readers to examine for themfelves, and the Chriftian ordinance, and a very in- to exercife a freedom of thought and fufficient fecurity to the ftate. After action, unfhackled by the interes of this, he recurs to what he had advanced the world, or the fears of power: and on the fubject of fubfcription; and adds the Doctor has good right thus to exhow much the people are concerned in hort the world, who has withttoed the this restriction being thrown afide, fince allurements of worldly advantage for what the minifter feels as the engage the fake of thofe fentiments that he ment of his faith, and is bound to avows, and which have led him to leteach, the people are obliged to hear;- cede from the Etablished Church, and thus both parties are greatly affected by to refign fome confiderable preferment them. The Doctor next reprefents the therein.-We cannot conclude this ar distraction of attending a mode of wor- ticle without tranfcribing the following fhip in which the hearer cannot always paffage from the fecond Dialogue, join his allent. But, fuppofing any one which we deem worthy the attention of in this fituation, perhaps it may not be all fects and all men: "Social worship untrue, that, the more attentive be was "is a very great means of edification in to reject what he could not approve, "a variety of ways; it calls men forth would keep his mind fo conftantly en- "to the public avowal of their princigaged that his devotion in thofe parts "ples in the face of the open day; it he did approve would do away this "advances brotherly love in an interdiftraction apprehended. We will rea- "communion in the offices of religion; dily affent, with the Doctor, that the "it concentrates the example of good worshipers of God fhould be entirely "men, and animates devotion in their confenting in their prayers and praifes; "neighbours; it keeps alive the princibut when we daily fee fo much diverfityples of religion and piety, and pie in men's opinions, and even from their own, in fhort spaces of time, we can fcarcely hope to find a thorough unanimity in any religious affembly; and the Church of England has gone a great way to reconcile this diverfity, and to unite men of very oppofite fentiments. The clufe of this fecond Dialogue is employed in exhorting men, once convinced of their principles of faith, to adhere to and avow them,-to withstand 66 pares men to act a virtuous part in the Icenes of active life." May we not afk here, if half the perfons hip practite any in their cloiets? The great who adopt a particular node of public worerror of the whole controverfy lies in fuppofing that all who follow a particular mode are influenced by conviction, and not by fashion or other reafons, and indeed by any reafon at all. EDIT. 132. I 1 32. Reports of Cafés argued and determined in the Court of King's Bench in Eafter Term in 28 George Iil. By Charles Durnford and Edward Hyde East, Efgrs. Barristers at Law. Vol. II. Part IV. fol. of WE took notice of a former part this periodical and excellent work; and gave fome extracts from it relative to the last city caufe, and the decifion of the twelve Judges in the long-contested matter of Sutton and Johnfon: we now turn over this number with increafing fatisfaction, as we fee that an enlarged quantity of matter has produced no unfual hafte or inadvertent inaccuracy. We endeavoured to felect fome particular cafes, for the perufal of our readers; but found fo many of them equally material for legal and general information, that the limits of our Mifcellany oblige us, with fome regret, to refer that pleasure to the readers own refearches. 132. A new and compendious Syftem of Haf bandry; containing the Mechanical, Chemical, and Pbilofopbic Elements of Agriculture, &c. &c. By George Winter, Member of 1. Society of Arts in London, of the Bath Agriculture Society, Honorary Member of the Odiham Agriculture Society, and of the Sooiety for the Participation of Useful Knowledge at Norwich, and a Pratical AGRICUL TURIST. Bristol, printed by W. Routh; London, fold by Mrs. E. Newbery. 8vo. BY the book before us, Mr. Winter, the author, appears to be a gentleman of fortune and a self-intructed AGRICUL TURIST, who, being under no neceffity to labour for a family, has applied himfelf to agriculture as a reliet from idlenets, and for the improvement of the art.To what is properly called HusBANDRY Mr. W, if we may judge by his Compendious Syftem, has no juft pretence; but by his fuperior talents he has been happy in converting that labo. rious and painful employment into the "mok useful, profitable, plealing, rational, and amusing life of an AGRI"CULTURIST, fully enjoying the "weet refreshing breeze, to neceffary "to the prefervation of health; and at the fame time indulging his contemplative turn of miad in the way the "most agreeable to himself and advanTageous to his country." Before he bent his thoughts to hufbandry, he feems to have forefeen the great difadvantage under which that employment laboured. He had, no doubt, marked the decrease of theep and horned cattle, owing to the annual inclosure of commons, and the monopoly of graziers. To fuch an observer the great icarcity of animal manure that must neceffarily enfue, could not efcape notice. And it appears that he was not unapprifed that, without manure, nothing capital could be effected in the cultivation of land. He therefore very judiciously began his first operations, by making himfelf matter of the mechanical, chemical, and philofophical elements of ftercoration; by which he was enabled to apply to dif ferent foils different manures, fo as to deftroy what was noxious in their compofition, and to cherish and increase that which was rich and fertilizing. Being an excellent accountant, he judged it alfo an effential point in agriculture to afcertain the nuinber of feeds proper to be fown on every portion of well cultivated land, that, by registering the produce, he might be able to tell without which, he believed it impoffible with certainty the accumulated excess; for the niceft agriculturist to afcertain precisely his profit and lofs. Apropos: a clufter of barley growing in a field of peas attracted his attention, as he clearly perceived they were all the produce of a fingle grain. Curiofity led him to count the ears. They were 28 in number, containing in the whole 338 grains. Such an amazing increase aftonifhed him, and made him reflect, “if "one grain could produce upwards of 66 300 grains, how comes it that farmers "could produce no more, and were fa"tisfied with a crop of only ten to one?” He from that moment determined to endeavour to find out where the errors lay; and for that purpose had a Winchefter bufhel of each fort of grain weighed and numbered. The refult as follows: "takes one bushel and 3-4ths of a peck "Winchester meafure."-Thus far we have clearly understood Mr. W, in purfuit of his fir idea, that of finding ut abere the errors lay; but we confefs ourselves fomewhat at a loss to comprehend the meaning of his quit ting the plain procefs which he had begun, without bringing it to a conclufion; and adopting a new mode for his future condu& in agriculture. By this new mode Mr. W. thought it neceffary" to reduce the weight of "the bushel of barley, being 52 pounds "and a quarter, into drachms, to be the "better able to proportion to an acre the "quantity of feed most advantageous for "drilling and fowing broad-cafi; ac"cordingly found that 524lbs. contain"ed 13,376 drachms." He then reduced an acre into 16ths of a perch, being 2,560; and dividing the drachms, as above, by the number of 16ths, as above, found the quotient to be 5,25,00 part of a drachm; therefore, on the 17th of April, 1782, fowed, broad-caft, 5 drachms (as being the nearest proportion of one bushel, Winchester measure, to an acre,) on the first bed, and in proportion on the 2d, 3d, and 4th, as far as the 20th, on the other beds; the foil, a fiff, unmanured loam, dug a spit deep, and the grain dropped by hand in the drills two inches deep. We must now confefs ourselves at fault, to do justice to this experiment. But, fo far as we can understand Mr. W, four of the twenty beds, fo divided as above, were fown broad-caft with different proportions of feed; the other fixteen were planted by hand, as above. The refult was, that the greateft quantity produced broad-caft was only at the rate of 55 bushels to the acre; but the greatest by planting amounted to 64 bufhels to the acre; a quantity fuffici ent, in the course of a few years, to transform the laborious husbandman into the independent and happy agriculturift. We have faid, that Mr. W. is no hufbandman; and by the readers of his Compendious Syftem we are in no dread of being contradi&ed. We have examined his book froin beginning to end, including the Index and the Poftjcript at the beginning, and can find no fuch words as cow or calf, mare or colt, yew or lamb; and (fwing only excepted) not a word of breeding, rearing, or fattening any living animal whatever, and but little of the provender by which they are fupported. Potatoes, indeed, for his pigs, he has not forgotten; but had it not been for an accident it is more than probable that the whole species of grafes (as that of leguminous food, with the exception of Poplar peas and horfe beans, really is,) would have been excluded from Mr. W's fyftem of hufbandry. But it was neceflary to iaform his readers that fwine prefer lucerne to clover; and that clover will kill pigs, if taken in the morning fafting. A circumftance that occurred to him in April, 1787, adduced in proof of this difcovery, is curious: "My fwine's feeding fo heartily on lucerne and clover," fays Mr. W. " prevented my bailiff's giving them any corn for fome mornings. Soon after, I was informed that one of the pigs, near four months old, was affected with a diforder called The Blood. I im mediately attended, found the pig extended on the grafs, in rather an infenfible state, with its dam near it in a feeming condolene manner, bewailing the fituation of its offspring. I ordered the pig to be put on its legs. It hung down its head, ftaggered, and again laid down. Its belly appeared to be full; and as my people allured me it was The Blood, according to the general custom in this part of the country, its tail was cut, which bled a little. I had it carried to the stye, where it was followed by the dam. Then I ordered fome barley meal to be immediately fcalded and mixed with milk, which it would not eat; nor could any quantity be conveyed into its ftomach by drinking. I tried feveral other methods to relieve it, but ineffectually: in a few hours it died. From the appearance of its belly being full, I fufpected it must have eaten some poisonous weeds, or swallowed fome venomous infect. Curiofity induced me to examine the vifcera; and, with all poffible circumspection, I first had its diftended ftomach opened, which contained only elaftic air, and a very fmall quantity of the meal and milk, which was curdled. I took the fame precaution in having its inteftines opened; all which contained nothing but the fame elaftic air as the ftomach. All its vifcera were perfectly found. "Hence, after a most minute investigation, I found that the diforder proceeded, not from the overflowing, but from the real want of a fufficient quantity of bloed, arifing from the want of nour fhing food. To prevent the other pigs being fimilarly attacked, I loft not a moment's time in preparing icalded barleymeal, which, mixed with milk, was given them blood-warm, with a fmall quantity of Spirits of bareborn. At first I fed them but paringly, till I thought them out of danger. Every morning after, I had them fed with corn before they were turned out. By bis precaution they throve well. Hence," ad Mr. W, “I am fully convinced that lucern |