Neshoba. Original, Na-sho-ba, Wolf. A county in Mississippi.

Nittayuma. Original, Nit-a-yum-ma, Bear yonder. The name of a creek in Mississippi.

Natchez. Original, Na-chuf-fih, to break off from. A town in Mississippi named after an ancient tribe of Indians that formerly inhabited the country on the Mississippi river; exterminated January 25th, 1733 by the French under Bienville.

Noxubee. Original, Nak-sho-bih, offensive odor. The name of a creek and also a county in Mississippi. It took its name according to Choctaw tradition, from a great battle fought upon its banks in the remote past, between the Choctaws and Muscogees. The Muscogees were defeated and left their slain upon the battle field which were thrown into the creek by the Choctaws; and such were the number that the decomposing mass polluted the air for miles around. It was fought in 1790 according to Choctaw tradition, with 500 warriors slain.

I read the following in the St. Louis Globe Democrat, of July 18th, 1896: "There is in the same state (Mississippi) a creek called Noxubee. The change from the Original in this word has also been very striking. The Indian form of the word was Ok-a-mak-shobi." There is no such word in the Choctaw or Chickasaw languages.

Nanna Wayah, Original, Nunih Waiyah,. leaning mound. The name of a mound in Mississippi, previously mentioned.

Ok-la-ta-ba-shih (the people's mourner) was the Noah of the Choctaws, in their tradition of the flood, who made a boat into which he placed his family and provisions and thus sayed them-truly an appropriate name.

Oska loosa. Original, Os-si lu-sa, black eagle, A town in Illinois.

Opelousas. Original, O-pah lus-sah, swamp owl. The name of a place in Alabama.

Oaktoma. Original, Ok-toh-bi, to be foggy. The name of a creek in Mississippi.

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Okefinokee. Original, O-ka-hi-o-lih, waters tanding. A swamp in Georgia,

Ossachile. Original, Os-si-chah-li, swift eagle. The name of an ancient Choctaw chief whom De Soto visited in 1540.

Omaha. Original, O-mi-ha (if a Choctaw word), it must be. Said to mean "To go against the current."

Osceola, Original, Os-si-o-lachih, Singing Eagle.. The renowned Seminole.chief and patriot.

HISTORY OF THE INDIANS.

601

Okolona. Original, Ok-la-lok-on-lih, People gathered to gether. A town in Chickasaw county, Mississippi.

Os-ki-fa-kop-lih, Stripped Cane. A large and lengthy creek in Mississippi known as Trimcane.

Ocklawaha. Original, Ok-la-yan-ha, People subject to fever. The name of a river in Florida.

Okeion. Original, Oka-i-ah, Moving water. The name of a little place in Mississippi.

The beginning of the creek Oka ittibihha (by abbreviation Oktibihha) was known to the Choctaws as O-ka-ai-it-tufa-ma (The coming together of the waters), and refers to the junction of the seven large creeks which form it, viz:

First.-Catarper. Original, Ka-ta-pah, checked or pushed back; i. e., water retarded by drifts..

Second.-Os-ki Fa-kop-lih, cane stripped of its leaves; so called by the Choctaws from the abundance of switch cane growing upon its banks, with which, when stripped of its leaves, they made their beautiful baskets-literally the place where the cane is trimmed.

Third. Bai-yih (white oak) Wai-yih (leaning over).;
Fourth.-Bok (creek) Fa-lai-ah (long).

Fifth.-Hush-ih (sun) Bok (creek).

Sixth.-Ba-cha-ya Bok (line creek), which divided the Choctaw and Chickasaw nations on the north, when living east of the Mississippi river.

Seventh. Sukatanchi. Original, Shuk-ha Ni-a-chih, hogs fattened. The place where hogs are fattened.

Okahola. Original, O-ka-ho-yah, Filtered water. The name of a town in Marion county, Mississippi.

Oktibbehaw. Original, O-ka-it-tib-ih-ka,. The water fight. A county in Mississippi. The name given by the ancient Choctaws to a large creek flowing into the Bigbee river above the town of Columbus, Miss., now known as Tibi, (corruption of Ittibih, having fought). It took its name, according to Choctaw tradition, from a great battle fought between the Choctaws and Muscogees years before the advent of the whites, in which the Muscogees occupied the north side of the creek and the Choctaws the south, shooting their arrows across the creek. The Choctaws were defeated, but soon reinforcements returned and drove the Muscogees out of their country.

Opelika. Original, Ok-pul-ila-ka, The lily by itself-the lone lily. The name of a missionary society in Alabama.

Oktarkthalapulla. Original, Ok-tark-toh-boko-lih, bluish white prairie. A beautiful prairie in the southwestern part of Oktibbehaw county, Mississippi, six miles southwest of Starkville, known, before brought into cultivation, as "The

Blue Prairie." It was a peculiar looking prairie, presenting a lonely and melancholy appearance, nearly round, perfectly level and extending nearly two miles each way without a tree or shrub upon it, but covered with a carpet of grass standing (in the summer season) from two to three feet in height. It was the last prairie between Starkville and the Mississippi river, surrounded by magnificent forests of oak and pine, in which were found wild game in sufficient quantities to gladden the heart of the most fastidious lover of the chase; in which I, with other congenial spirits, fully shared and enjoyed many years ere progress blotted it out.

Okahatchee. Original, Ok-la-huch-cha, river people. An ancient Choctaw village whose people used river water.

Oaklehy. Original, Ok-la-le-lih, People who plow. The name of an ancient Choctaw village in which several white families lived.

Otocklawfa. Original, Ok-tah-lau-a, Many prairies. A town in Mississippi.

Oaktewally. Original, O-ti-wa-lih, Exhibiting chestnuts. The name of a little town in Mississippi.

Okatomie. Original, Ok-a-to-mih, Sunshine in water. The name of an ancient Choctaw village in Mississippi.

Okenachitto. Original, Ok-hin-a-chi-toh, Big stream. The Chocktay name of a large creek in Mississippi.

Okshawali. Original, Ok-shau-a-lih, Light complexion, The name of an ancient Choctaw town, among whose people were many of fair complexions.

Osyka. Original, Os-si-ka, The Eagle. A town in Pike county, Mississippi.

Ofahoma. Original, O-fi-hum-ma, Red dog. Town in Leake county, Mississippi.

Okachickama. Griginal, O-ka-chukma, Good water. The capital of Yalobusha county, Mississippi. Yalobusha.

abound.

Original, Ya-lo-ba-ai-a-sha, Tadpoles

Onalaska. Original, O-na-lu-chah, To arrive being wet. A town in Arkansas.

Okatibbee. Original, O-ka-it-tib-ih, Water fight, i. e. A battle across the water. A town in Lauderdale county, Mississippi.

Oktoc. Original, Ok-tak, prairie. A town in Oktibbeha county, Mississippi.

Pillahatchee. Original, Pil-lah-huch-cha, far off river. A river in Rankin county, Mississippi.

"Ponchatoula, a Choctaw word," says the St. Louis GLOBE DEMOCRAT of July 18, 1896, "is a corruption of Panchagoula, which, according to the declaration of the well in

formed superintendent of the Choctaw schools in Mississippi, a gentlemen who speaks the Choctaw language fluently, means pond lilly." The Choctaw words for "pond lily" are Haiyip (pond) Okpúl (lily).

Pasgagoula, Original, Pus-ka-ok-la, people having bread. A town in Jackson county, Mississippi.

Solgohachia, a town in Arkansas. Original, Sok-kohuch-cha, Muscadine river.

Panola. Original, Po-no-la, cotton; the name of a countyin north Mississippi.

Pachuta. Original, Pa-sho-hah, to handle, a town in Perry county, Mississippi.

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Piache. Original, Pi-e-shih, to care for us, the name of an ancient Choctaw town which De Soto passed through in October, 1540.

Puchcheyanshoba. Original, Pu-chi-yo-shu-bah, pigeon to be lost-Strayed Pigeon, ancient Choctaw village.

Pantotoc. Original, Pa-ki-tak-oh-lih, grapes hung upHanging Grapes, the name of a town in north Mississippi. Seneasha. Original, Si-nih-ai-an-ta, sycamore abound, the name of a little branch in Mississippi,

Shetimasha. Original, Shit-til-e-mab-ai-a-shah, Habitation of the disdainful. The Shittilemahaiashah Indians of St. Mary's Parish, Louisiana, are evidently a remanent of an ancient Choctaw Iksa (clan), a few feeble sparks still lingering in the ashes of their exterminated Iksa.

more.

Senatobia. Original, Sin-ih-toh-bih-a, My white syca The name of a town in Tate county, Mississippi. Shubuta. Original, Sho-bo-tah, Smoking. A little town in Clarke county, Mississippi.

Siboglahatcha. Original, Is-su-ba-ok-la-hu-cha, Horse river people i. e. People living on horse river. A creek and town in Calhoun county, Mississippi.

Suqualak. Original, Shau wa-lah, widely branching. A town in Noxubee county, Mississippi. The name also of a small creek emptying into Noxubee near the great ball play ground, upon which, in 1790, was fought the great battle before mentioned.

Sukatanche. Original, Shuk-ha ne-a-chih, fattened hogs; i. e., the place where hogs fatten. A large creek in north Mississippi and town in Kemper county, Mississippi.

Tangipahoa. Original, Tun-chi-pa-sho-hab, corn handled-where corn was bought and sold.

Tallula. Original, Ta-lo-ho ah, continually singing. The name of the falls of a river in Georgia, said to be 536 feet. Talluhah. Original, Tal-lu-hah, a bell. A town in Lou

siana.

Tuskogee. Original, Tush-ka-ko-cha, weather warrior, i. e., a warrior who foretells the weather.

Tallasha. Original, Ta-la-ai-ar-sha, Palmetto abound. The place of palmettoes.

Toonisuba. Original, To-no-lihis-su-ba, rolling horse. A place in Mississippi.

Talletuluck. Öriginal, Ta-le-tul-i, Palmetto rock, Palmetto by a rock. A town in Kemper county Mississippi.

Tacaleeche. Original, Tak-a-li-chih, to put down, town in Benton county Mississippi. Town and river in Panola county Mississippi.

Tullahoma. Original, Tul-i-hum-ma, red stone, rock or iron. Town in Jones county Mississippi.

Wantubbee. Original, Ai-an-ta-ub-ih, To be at and kill. A little place in Mississippi.

Winona, Original, Wa-ton-la, A crane. A town in Mississippi.

Yakanookane. Original, Yak-ni-nak-ish-wa-na, Cat fish land. A creek in Oktibbehaw county, Mississippi..

Yoconapatawfa. Original, Yak-ni-pa-tuf-fih, Land

ploughed.

Waupanuckee. Original, Wak-chah-nu-sih, To sleep wide a part. A town in the present Chickasaw Nation.

Tallula. Original, Til-oh-lih, to break off. A town in Issaquena county, Mississippi.

Issaquena. Original, Is-si-ok-hena, deer branch. A town in Mississippi.

Tillitoba. Original, Tul-i-toh-bi, gray rock. A town in Yalobusha county, Mississippi.

Taloeah. Original, Ta lo ah-i-ah, to go singing. A town in Marion county, Mississippi.

Tamolah. Original, Ta mo-ah, lost. A town in Kemper county, Mississippi.

Tallase. Original, Tul-li-ai-sha, rocks abound. An an-. cient Choctaw village which De Soto visited in 1540.

Toccopola. Original, Tosh-bo-ko li, mouse colored. A town in LaFayette county, Mississippi.

Toomsuba. Original,, Ta-is-su-ba, because or in as much as a horse. A town in Lauderdale county, Mississippi. Topisaw. Original, Tah-pi-sah, to see now. A town in Pike county, Mississippi

Talawah Original, Ta-lo ah, singing... A town in Marion county, Mississippi.

Tubby. Original, Ub-ih, to kill. A town in Itawamba county, Mississippi.

Tooanoowe. Original, To-mib-no-wa, walking in the sunshine. The nephew of Tumoachi.