THE KNAVE OF CLUBS (12 S. vi. 111).Many packs examined by me are as described, i.e., the Knave of Clubs and all court cards in spades face opposite to the suits. If, however, your correspondent will try a Cincinnati pack from Gibson, in Leadenhall Street, he will find all mixed up. No order in them as above. J. KEY. CREAM-COLOURED HORSES (12 S. viii. 338, 396). According to The Daily Chronicle of July 22, the stock of creams will not be allowed to die out, and for the future they will be employed as cavalry drum horses. It also mentions that of the team of six, two are already acting in that capacity, one being attached to the 2nd Life Guards and the other to the 9th Lancers; one had to be destroyed, and the three others will be drafted to different regiments as soon as possible. A. H. W. FYNMORE. CIGARETTE SMOKING (12 S. viii. 432; ix. 38). Effect of Tobacco on Men' (W. J. Gies and others in The New York Medical Journal, June 1, 1921, 809-811) is the latest article noticed, and it seems to conclude that moderate smoking is not harmful to most adults, and is helpful to some, and that the least harmful method of smoking tobacco is in cigarettes. The question here, however, is so worded that the answers are likely to be misleading, since “inhaling is expressly excluded. No smoker myself, I have no doubt that inhaling smoke from cigarettes is injurious, not because it is from tobacco, but because it is from combustion with an insufficient supply of oxygen. Cigar smoke is too acrid to take way down into the lungs, but cigarette smoke can thus be inhaled; it, in the depths of the lungs, comes into actual physical contact with the minutely divided blood, with result to be paralled in a test-tube by shaking therein blood in contact with carbonic monoxide; thereupon the chemical constitution of the blood is said to be visibly changed, what 'Perhaps it was right to dissemble your love, But why did you kick me downstairs The source was given among the Notices to Correspondents,' at 9 S. iii. 460: 6 "These lines occur in The Pannel,' I. i., taken by J. P. Kemble from Bickerstaffe's Tis Well it's no Worse,' and produced at Drury Lane, Nov. 28, 1788. They are also found in Debrett's 'Asylum for Fugitive Pieces,' vol. i., p. 15." A second editorial note, at 10 S. vii. 460, refers to The Panel' and to Mr. Gurney Benham's · Cassell's Book of Quotations.' 7. The law is a ass-a idiot were Mr. Bumble's words on a well-known occasion ('Oliver Twist,' chap. 51). 66 8. "Bobus Higgins, Sausage-maker on the great scale," makes his first appearance, I think, in Carlyle's Past and Present,' Bk. i., chap. 5, Aristocracy of Talent.' In the last chapter of Bk. iv. he is Bobus of Houndsditch.' have him again in No. vii. of Latter-Day Pamphlets': "Bobus of Houndsditch' Sausage-maker on the great scale." We EDWARD BENSLY. Calendar of State Papers. Foreign Series. Elizabeth. Vol. xx. September 1585-May 1586. Edited by Sophie Crawford Lomas. (H.M. Stationery Office, £1 2s. 6d. net.) THE winter to which the Papers in this volume broke a year or two later in the attack on England belong lowered heavy with that menace which by the Spanish Armada. In August, 1585, Elizabeth had decided to support the Netherlands against Philip. Accordingly she now sent out to. them English companies to garrison the towns, Philip Sidney and Thomas Cecil to be governors with Leicester as governor of the expedition and respectively of Flushing and the Brill. To the general reader the best-known event in this enterprise is the death of Sidney at the Battle of Zutphen-which lies, however, a little beyond our period. The policy of Elizabeth, as usual, hampered checks and refusals, and the obstacles it presented confess to a dubious feeling about that word, which to continuous and straightforward action. our author tells us is of his own invention. It Between Elizabeth on the one hand and Parma is intended to denote poems such as The on the other we have Walsingham and Burleigh, Vision of Piers Plowman' or the ballad of Chevy Davison and Heneage, Leicester himself, and Chase '—which deal with isolated incidents or Norreys, commander of the British forces in the special aspects of life. Perhaps some reader Netherlands, coping with a situation difficult of our columns could suggest a better. enough apart from caprices in policy. The history of these particular months, as detailed in THE Editor of The Bulletin of the John Rylands these letters, has little that is of outstanding Library, Manchester, for July is much to be conimportance in it; on the other hand, it is full of gratulated on an excellent number. He himself the miseries of starving garrisons and the un- contributes an article on Dante-dealing chiefly easiness of a population under the occupation with the history of the poet's works and influence. and movements of soldiery. There is also here Dr. Tout has an illuminating paper on the place material which will enable the student to in history of St. Thomas of Canterbury; Dr. straighten out the tangled question of the secret Vaughan has a subject of very great interest in negotiations between Elizabeth and Parma. Giamba Hista Vico: Dr. Rendel Harris imparts Mrs. Lomas provides a carefully-worked-out what, if it stands criticism, will prove an important Preface in which the main threads of all the discovery that of a considerable fragment of complicated intrigues are satisfactorily traced the work of Marcion; and Dr. Powicke gives us out and combined. The relations between the first instalment of a study of Ailred of Rievaulx, England and France are scarcely less interesting the occasion for which was the acquisition by than those between England and the Netherlands the John Rylands Library of a manuscript of or Spain. The French Court is in the thick of Walter Daniel's Centum Sententiae.' Mr. the struggle with the King of Navarre, and Buckle discusses, in the light of the Rylands anxious to prevent Elizabeth's grant of money Coptic MS., the history of the Forty Martyrs of for German redes to come to his assistance. Sebaste. There is a note by Mrs. Rose-Troup Stafford is Elizabeth's Ambassador at Paris and on Henry de Cicestria's Missal, and those of our Chasteauneuf the French Ambassador in England. readers who were interested in Mr. George Horner's Among the matters with which Stafford has to query at 12 S. viii. 168, on the whereabouts of concern himself is the affair of the Giffords. a Syriae MS. a Harmony of the Life and Passion of our Lord, once in the possession of Dr. Adam Clarke, may be glad to know of the short note on the subject-also from the pen of Dr. Rendel Harris-which concludes this number. Pleasant detail of matters other than war and politics may be found in the newsletters (of which this volume includes three or four and in a fair proportion of the rest of the correspondence. Thus Lord Willoughby, writing from Copenhagen. tells about Tycho Brahe, his observatory and his discovery of a comet, The text, we learn, was ready for publication We congratulate Mrs. Lomas on at last seeing before her the completed result of her labours. We are asked to state that copies are to be obtamed at imperial Houses Kingsway, WCS Ordenda Sourous aplish History. By L F Hofer, Cambridge Tex malost hit, lo volume is intendal for the vo begoing in histories" study, and therefore takos the most elementary facts and princh & MSS. 1s. per 1,000 words. Carbons 3d. per 1,000 words. Miscellaneous copying 11d. per folio. Careful work, promptly executed.-W. D. S. SPILLER, 23, Manor Place. Hackney. E.8. BOOKS ALL OUT-OF-PRINT BOOKS supplied, no matter on what subject. Please state wants. Topography, Archæology, Genealogy, Biography, Court Memoirs, etc. List free.-BAKER'S Great Bookshop. 14-16. John Bright Street, Birmingham. THE AUTHOR'S HAIRLESS PAPER-PAD. The LEADENHALL PRESS, Ltd., Publishers and Printers, 9-47, GARDEN ROW, ST. GEORGE'S ROAD, SOUTHWARK, S.E.1. Contains hairless paper, over which the pen slips with perfect freedom. Ninepence each. 88. per dozen, ruled or plain: postage extra, 1s. 3d. Pocket size, 5s. per dozen, ruled or plain: postage 18. The Completion of a Great Work The Times Illustrated History and is now complete. The Index (Vol. XXII.) is The twenty-two bound volumes of The Times History Red Cloth Half Leather, royal, purple or red Persian Leather - £16 10 0 19 5 0 22 0 0 25.17 0. Send a remittance to-day, and add this magnificent work to your shelves. Printed and Published by THE TIMES PUBLISHING COMPANY, LIMITED, The Highways of A New Guide for the The New Times Road Map of Scotland forms the most The Times ROAD MAP is divided into six sheets, on the scale of three miles to |