fully, "I am happy at this meeting, permit me to profit by it.” And pointing out the path to the promenaders, he preceded them in the avenue to the chateau. The botanist eagerly followed him. But when the Duc turned to speak to Rousseau, the philosopher had disappeared as if through a trap-door. After having remained a moment astounded, petrified, enraged, Jean Jacques had thrown himself, like a wolf, into a thicket, and it was impossible to recover traces of him. M. Trochereau did not hear from him till two days after. He had fled directly to Montmorency, whence he wrote to his friend these words: "You are a traitor and a coward! You have exposed me, like a curious beast, to the derision of the great; you can expect only my malediction. All is over between us !" The Duc de Noailles laughed till he cried at this adventure; and as in fact he had seen Jean Jacques, he presented the gingo biloba to the botanist. It was the only consolation which remained to the latter, with the ivy planted by the philosopher. After the death of M. Usquin, whose memory will always be blessed at Feuillancourt, his fine estate was purchased, in 1848, by Madame Reizet (widow of the regent of the Bank of France), who embellished it with a pond, an island of flowers, and cascades, the view of which from the reception hall is enchanting; then with a second pond, shaded by a willow, and a pavilion of rock work, surmounted by a belfry, where the chatelaine corresponded by signals with her old friend, Count Elzear de Sabran, the worthy twin brother of the Chevalier de Boufflers. But let us pause before another souvenir of Madame Reizet, and recall here St. Leger and his heroic devotion. And, imposing silence to their protestations, he went away, repeating these words of St. Leger: The good shepherd giveth his life for his sheep. This prelate was Monseigneur Affre, whose archiepiscopal villa is still at St. Germain, and who died, a few days afterwards, as you know, like St. Leger, struck by the barbarians of the Faubourg St. Antoine, at the moment of his extending to them the olive-branch of peace and pardon. Judge with what care and what respect are preserved, at Feuillancourt, this bench and its inscription: Here sat Monseigneur Affre! Madame Reizet also caused to be rebuilt, in her park, the ancient chapel of St. Radegonde, whose origin dates from the seventh century. In 1850, at the sale of the Reizet succession, chapel, villa, park, souvenirs, streamlets, trees and flowers, all the beauty and glory of Feuillancourt were about to perish beneath the hammer of the black band, that cloud of carrion crows who follow revolutions on the track of blood and ruins; when all was ransomed and saved by one of those fortunate sages to whom Heaven has given wealth for the interest of society, by a man of heart and mind, by M. Wallut, a contributor of the Musée des Familles. It is at Feuillancourt that our valued and witty co-laborer, worthy son of the proprietor, meditates and prepares those charming pieces of which the Gymnasium has presented a specimen to applause, and the proverbs and sketches with which he but too rarely enriches our magazine. It is there that a chatelaine, who by her virtues and graceful hospitality deserves the name, does the honors of his park and villa, with the charm and distinction of olden time, to the savants, artists and curious, who are attracted thither by the fame of the habitation, or the persons of its inhabitants. Not only has M. Wallut respected and preserved the works of his predecessors; the chapel of St. Radegonde, the rare and beautiful plants of M. Trochereau, the ivy of Jean Jacques, the gingo biloba of the Duc de Noailles, the edifice of M. In the month of June, 1848, of so bloody Bonard, the bignonia of Girodet Trioson, the ponds memory, an illustrious prelate was sitting on this and fountains of Madame Reizet, the sacred bench bench which to-day bears his name. Some one of the martyr-archbishop, the virgin alley where was relating to him the chronicles of Feuillan- Queen Hortense meditated, which Beauharnais court, not forgetting that of the Bishop of Autun. and Jerome Bonaparte traversed; the giant magArrived at these words of St. Leger, about to nolias, which bear their fragrant stars to the very ransom his flock with his blood- The good shep-roof; the unrivalled clematis and aristoloche which herd giveth his life for the sheep-the narrator shade the chapel with their aspiring festoons; was interrupted by a message sent to the prelate.the prodigious beeches, beneath which a whole This message announced to him the commence-battalion might find shelter; the mico coulier ment of the frightful civil war which was about to of Provence, the kerulteria of Japan, the silvery revive in Paris the horrors of the times of barbarism. The prelate dropped a tear on the despatch, and rising with calm resolution, himself finished the narrative of the journey of Lentger, and of his martyrdom at the camp of Ebroin. Then, seeing his auditors pale and trembling at what they divined, he said to them, on leaving Feuillancourt: "Courage and adieu; since there are still Ebroins, there must also be St. Legers. Pray for me and for my flock, like the friends of the Bishop of Autun. I must repair to my post, at Paris, between the two conflicting parties." cedars of Lebanon, of Virginia, the pines of Lord Weymouth, the lime-trees of Canada, the sophoras and tulip trees, and all that marvellous forest, convoked hither from two hemispheres, and which has assumed, in the groves and beside the streams of this terrestrial paradise, dimensions and as. pects, lights and shadows, which confound the pencil of the artist and the imagination of the poet. But M. Wallut has just completed this fairy assemblage by an embellishment of the best taste and the most graceful effect, in transforming the old garden of Trochereau into a meadow with verdant slopes and soft prospectives, animated with a new piece of water and an English river, | into such good hands! Such will be the refrain with bridges and cascades. of all amateurs who, after having seen it, shall say: Au revoir ! Thrice fortunate Feuillancourt, to have fallen TANNING WITHOUT BARK. system, and of the same dimensions, could only resist a strain of 5 cwt. Sheepskins, kidskins, and some other species of leather, which in general may be torn asunder in the hands with the exercise of only a small degree of force, acquire in this process a strength which is quite surprising. Another great advantage in the new process is rep In the last number of the Journal of the Society of Arts there is some account of a discovery in tanning hides, which- however interesting in a scientific point of view, or profitable to the dealers in leather—will prove anything but consola-resented to consist in saving time in preparing. tory to many country gentlemen. If successful to the extent which the inventor anticipates, indeed, this new process will enormously depreciate the value of woodland property, by destroying the markets for one of its most remunerative products, viz., oak-bark. Timber has fallen in value until it is often barely worth cutting, much less growing; and the use of bark, it now seems but too probable, will be superseded to a degree which will render it not worth stripping from the parent trunk. The following account of the new dis-treatment the conversion would be perfect in sixty covery is given by the society: The thickest ox-hide requires only two days and hours, allowing six periods of agitation in the It was stated in the Mechanics' Magazine of stated that leather prepared thus, without tan, drum, each of ten hours' duration. It is further September 18, 1852, that a Mr. Preller had taken out a patent for preparing skins with materials of the passage of water, combined with remarkable possesses greatly-increased capacity for resisting which bark formed no part. He used, on the one hand, vegetable substances, consisting largely of suppleness; so that for boots and shoes it is far starch, and containing little gluten, such as bar-East Indies, in particular, this quality is highly preferable to tanned leather. For the West and ley-flour, rice-flour, or even starch itself; on the advantageous, and for the supply of troops would other, butter, milk, grease, and other fatty animal matters; to which he added salt or saltpetre probably be found to be attended with economy, and in certain proportions. With this mixture skins mate the importance of these facts to country genproductive of comfort. We can hardly over-estiprepared in the usual manner are smeared, after tlemen; for, if further experience shows them to which they are agitated in a revolving cylinder be fairly stated, then it is clear that the timber on for a certain length of time, when they quickly become ready for the currier. This method of all valuations will have to be made upon an enan estate will become seriously depreciated, and treatment is attended with such advantages in tirely new basis. the course of manufacture, and in the character of the produced article, as to promise nothing short of a complete revolution in the arts of the tanner. A large factory in Southwark has been fitted up by Mr. Preller, where he is carrying on his manufacture to a very considerable extent, and with a degree of success which could hardly have been supposed would attend his efforts in the comparatively short time which has elapsed since he began. His leathers have already acquired a high reputation in the market, and are rapidly getting into favor for a variety of manufacturing purposes, especially for driving-bands, for which their superior strength, flexibility, uniformity of texture, and durability, render them eminently serviceable. The peculiar merits of Preller's method are said to be these. It reduces the weight of leather, and at the same time increases its strength; and this takes place to such a degree that it has been found that oak-tanned leather of three-eighths of an inch in thickness is incapable of resisting a strain which Preller's leather, one-fourth of an inch in thickness, will resist in constant working. A strip of a yard long, about half an inch in width, and one-eighth thick, gave way with a breaking weight of 6 cwt. 20 lbs., while ox-hide, well tanned or the oak-bark We may rank with historical books the edition of Kossuth's Speeches which has just appeared under the auspices of Mr. Francis Newman. The speeches have been condensed and abridged for the sake of avoiding the great waste of space involved in that endless repetition necessary and proper in their delivery before successive audiences. That such condensations have been made with great judgment, and that the best points have been chosen for publication, are but necessary consequences of the fact that so able a man as Mr. Newman was their editor. The volume consists chiefly of speeches delivered in America, since it was there that M. Kossuth poured out and exhausted (we are not, it appears, to add in vain) all the resources of his eloquence. The book really deserves to be well read. Of the great powers of M. Kossuth as an orator, of his good cause, of his warm heart, and of his right to great personal respect, we never doubted, though we have seen reason to doubt gravely his powers as a statesman. With them no reader of this volume need concern himself. Here we may admire all that is great in Kossuth, and forget all that is deficient. Examiner. For the Examiner, Oct. 8. THE MISMANAGEMENTS. writing the exact opposite of their meaning and here was a fifth party whose game they were unconsciously playing, who betrayed their blunder by his very rapacity and insolence, and thereby lost the advantage of which they would have possessed him! In this grand match of pigeons and crow, the crow bepigeoned himself. The example shows that the note of despotism should always be the sic volo sic jubea, sit pro ratione voluntas. The arbitrary wrongful will should strictly eschew reasoning, which must always be antagonist to its cause. Had the Czar observed this policy of reserve, suited to abused power and a bad cause, how different would now be the posture of the Eastern question! But truly, says Coleridge, a rogue is a fool with a circumbendibus. The Czar being now in a position of much disadvantage, and France and England being by the turn of things forced to assume a firmer attitude, a corresponding tendency to peace will doubtless appear on the part of Russia. The big bully of the north is domineering and encroaching, or tractable and pacific, according to the truckling, or to the spirit of resistance with which he has to deal. If the right uses are made of the present posture of things, Russia will be manageable enough; but we confess our fears of the next move of the Conference, it being now the turn of the powers to commit the next blunder, outdoing that of the Czar. THE Eastern question is like an ill-played game of chess, in which a bad move on one side is answered by a worse on the other. The clever managers of the Conference had unwittingly given to the Czar all that he asked in the famous Vienna note, which was but another version of the Menschikoff ultimatum. Having drawn up this ingenious paper, their absorbing anxiety was to make sure of its acceptance by the party whose demands it satisfied in full without consulting the other, as the old saying has it," reckoning without the host;" and in the untutored simplicity of their diplomatic hearts, infinite was their exultation at finding that the Czar would not refuse subscription to his own terms, nay, would have the grace to accede readily. Here was a happy solution indeed. Every ministerial quarter in London and Paris was full of the glad tidings that the Eastern question was settled. As the Magnifico joyfully cries when he tries the clumsy foot of Cinderella's sister in the glass slipper, "It 's done! it's achieved! it's in -all but the heel," so did this exquisite little note fit the occasion, excepting only the part of the principal concerned all but the heel. Turkey saw plainly enough that it gave up the whole matter in dispute, and objected accordingly; upon which she was roundly rated for being more nice than wise, for stickling for unsubstantial differences, and, The Times says that the Emperor is pacific, above all, for ingratitude to the powers who had and proof of the sincerity of his assurances is taken such excellent care of her interests and happily easy, for he has only to withdraw his honor, and obtained terms so favorable to both. troops from the Principalities. He is now in But in the midst of this chiding and up- act and deed at war with Turkey; and the braiding of the Porte, out came the Russian declaration of war on the part of the aggrieved interpretation of the disputed text, together country, if it has been issued, is nothing more with the rejection of the amended version, and than a declaration of the state of things. It then it appeared beyond all question or cavil is but an acceptance of the situation of Rusthat the Vienna wiseacres had given up all sia's making. Another solution at Vienna is that they intended to refuse to Russia, and the danger, however, that we have to deprethat the Sultan had with good reason objected cute. The powers of blundering are repreto signing away the independence and integ-sented with fearful reality in that Congress, rity of his empire. If the Czar had contented signally falsifying the French proverbial sayhimself simply with rejecting the modified ing of the wit of four, which Voltaire so comnote as a deviation from what was deemed plimentarily assigned to the Academy of just and fitting by the mediators, the displeasure of the whole world would have been The uncertainty of the last six months is a directed against the Porte, which would have greater evil to the commercial interests of been represented as captiously quarrelling with England and France than even war itself would terms fair, safe, and honorable. But the be, and it is high time that it should cease; players of the game at Vienna having on their and the same firmness that may now bring it side made a move egregiously unsound, the to a conclusion would in all human probability bungler on the other retrieves the fault by one of still greater magnitude. The Emperor's interpretation of the note justified the Porte's refusal, and stultified the Vienna Conference. And such, even such, is the craft of diplomacy. Here were four representatives of as many mighty nations, who did not know what they were about, or how to express their intentions, forty. have been equally successful at any antecedent period of the negotiations, and would have saved Europe much anxiety and much detriment to many material interests. The solution lies in resolution. And we have to thank the Czar for putting himself so much in the wrong as to put the Allies in the right position in spite of their distrusts and timidities. . Of course the Times is not such a fool as that journal that the Hungarians were neither its correspondent, and we have no need to tell socialists nor red republicans. Let us add that we are proud always to recall our persevering advocacy of the rights of the Hungarian nation, and to feel that our support was invariably offered in the interests of order and civilization, never in those of anarchy or revolution. It was because that gallant people, among all the populations of the Austrian empire, alone offered any perfect security for orderly constitutional government, that we steadily advocated their cause. It was when Austria, in exchange for the means of overpowering by force the liberties of her own subjects, submitted to become a Russian vassal, that we ceased to regard that empire in any other light than as an advanced outpost of absolutism against the liberties and progress of the west. It was when the western committed since the destruction of Poland, powers looked on calmly at the greatest crime that we ventured to question whether, even as a mere calculation of profit and loss, the balance might not have been in favor of maintaining the dignity of England in such a matter, even at the risk of a depression of some eighths per cent. in the funds. It is remarkable that the principal journals which denounce negotiation and clamor for war, are those which have always been the professed admirers and advocates of Kossuth and Mazzini, and the friends and supporters of all the refugees, republicans, and rebels, in every part of the world. In a European war they see the prospect of a general conflagration, and of those elements of anarchy and revolution being once more let loose, the forcible compression of which they have never ceased to deplore. War presents the best hope and chance of overturning reigning dynasties and establishing red republics; and to arrive at such ends they are content to wade through slaughter," and to "shut the gates of mercy on mankind.” One of these journals (the Examiner) makes no secret of this object and expectation, when it talks of "the certainty, The duty in our judgment committed by which no sane man has ever doubted, that war Providence to those on whom power and upon the Danube is synonymous with insurrec-strength are devolved, is that of watching tion in Hungary." To C. C. we have nothing to say, but to the Times, which adopts these statements, we say that they are false, and that their falsehood is not better known to any one than to the Times itself. We never were among the "admirers and advocates" of Kossuth. We stood alone in the liberal press of this country against what seemed to us the indiscreet uses to which it was attempted to turn his popularity on his arrival in England. The Times ought to be thoroughly aware of this, for it remarked approvingly on the circumstance at the time, and it quoted our articles from week to week. We have never "denounced negotiation" or "clamored for war." We have only persisted in exposing and denouncing, from the first, those blunders of negotiation which have brought us to the brink of war, and every one of which the Times has successively adopted and afterwards cast away. over, advocating, and enforcing the rights of the weak; nor have we ever known this sacred duty omitted without shame, or performed without advantage and honor. From the Economist. RUSSIAN DESIGNS EXPLAINED BY RUSSIA. DURING the last abortive attempt of the Poles for the recovery of their independence, they obtained possession of Warsaw and held it for some time. Among the archives they discovered a number of important and secret dispatches from the Russian Court to its various diplomatic agents, and several other papers of great interest and value. Some of these have just been made public by Prince Adam Czartoryski, whose name is a sufficient guarantee of their anthenticity. Among them is the original memorial addressed by the order of the Emperor Nicholas to his The Times knew perfectly well, when it brother Constantine, explaining to him the inserted C. C.'s falsehoods, that the "prospect relative position of Russia and Turkey after of a general conflagration" has had no favor the treaty of Adrianople, and the confidential from us. It was precisely this special danger, designs and motions of the former. It bears which, in an article published on the 20th of the signature of Nesselrode, and the date of August, 1853, and copied into the Times of February 12th, 1830. We give a few brief the 23d August, we suggested as some allow-but most instructive extracts: ance and excuse for hesitation even in the boldest statesmen at such a crisis as the present. The war which has just terminated so successfully, notwithstanding the active hostility of Austria and the secret opposition of Great Britain, leaves Russia in a position too elevated and too summary glance over the last fifty years of imposing to need any detailed development. Russian history, can doubt whither tend the On the one side, the general voice of Europe has consistent designs and the steady march of done justice to the moderation of the Emperor; that empire-we do not envy him his logic. on the other, the conditions of the treaty of Adri- If, seeing and admitting these designs, he anople have nevertheless consolidated the prepon- feels disposed to stand aside and let them have derance of Russia in the Levant, extended (ren- their way, we do not envy him either his force) her frontiers, set free her commerce, any one secured her interest, and guaranteed her rights. spirit or his sense of justice. And if It rested with us alone to have desires to know how invariably, and on system, marched our armies on Constantinople and "the protection of their brethren in the faith" overthrown the Turkish Empire. No power has been made the pretext for Russian enwould have opposed us; no immediate danger croachments on the liberties of neighboring would have threatened us if we had then struck States, we recommend him to read the "Decthe last blow at the Ottoman dominion in Europe. | laration" of Catharine II. to the Diet of PoBut, in the opinion of the Emperor, that monar-land (20th April, 1766) on behalf of the chy, reduced to exist only under the protection of Greeks in that Catholic Kingdom-and the Russia, and listen only to her desires, suited bet- Report of the Diet on the seditious movements ter our political and commercial interests than which Russia had excited there in 1789. any fresh arrangement which would have obliged And, finally, if any one wants further inforus either to extend our territory by new con- mation as to the treatment which Roman quests, or to substitute for the Ottoman Empire Catholic dissenters meet with from the Greek independent States, which would ere long have become our rivals in power, in civilization, in Church-from that same tolerant Emperor industry, and wealth. It is on this principle who now interferes to protect his co-religionthat His Imperial Majesty now conducts our relaists from the intolerance of the Mussulman tions with the Divan. Since we have not chosen he may hear of something to his advantage by to destroy the Turkish government, we now seek perusing (in the same valuable "Recueil des to maintain it in its actual position. Since this Documens") the " Allocution" of Pope Greggovernment can only be useful to us by its defer- ory in the Secret Conclave, 22 July, 1842, and ence and submission towards us, we shall exact the Petition of the "Not-united Greeks" (i. e., from it the faithful observation of its engagements, the Greek Christians who acknowledge by and the prompt realization of ALL OUR DESIRES. ancient treaty the Papal authority) of the province of Uszacs, in 1835, remonstrating against the cruelties to which, as Dissenters, they were subjected. He will find enough to convince him that Christians of any non-conforming denomination are far safer in life, limb, liberty, and property, under the Infidel Sultan than under either Christian Czar, Emperor, or Grand Duke. It From the Examiner, 8th Oct. EASTERN QUESTION. The occupation of the Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia for ten consecutive years, was originally intended to be demanded as guarantee for the payment of the indemnities (for the cost of the war). But the Emperor was of opinion that this occupation would expose us to several inconveniences and to great expense, and that it would be tantamount to taking actual possession of these provinces-the conquest of which has always appeared to him the less important, since, without maintaining troops there, we can dispose of them according to our pleasure, A VOICE FROM ST. HELENA ON THÉ whether in time of peace or in time of war. would also have been a deviation from our declarations, and have drawn upon us the just remon- OUR attention has been drawn to some restrances of the other powers of Europe, had we markable passages from conversations reported thus virtually annexed the Principalities to the to have been held by Napoleon with Mr. Barry southern provinces of our empire. These con- O'Meara thirty-six years ago, and published siderations, and the appeal which the Convention of the 14th September authorizes the Sultan to by that person in his book on the captivity at make to the generosity of His Imperial Majesty, St. Helena. We do not need to make any enable us to stipulate for other securities for the comment upon them. What we have been payment of the debt due to us. These writing on this question from week to week securities will not overload the Ottoman Empire for the last six months amounts to little more with a burden the weight of which would cause than an enlarged commentary on these exits fall; but they will be such as to leave in our traordinary expressions of the ex-Emperor of hands the keys of a position from which it will be France, which (bating some exaggerations easy to us to keep it in check, and will saddle it natural to the speaker and the time) contain with a debt which will make it feel for long years the exact rationale of the Eastern question as its true situation in respect to Russia, and its cer- it stands at this moment. tain ruin, if it ever again attempt to brave us. If any man, after reading these despatches, and the more recent ones from the same pen which are still fresh in our memory, and after looking at the map, and casting even the most The conversations took place in May, 1817 On the 22nd of May, says O'Meara, after leaving the bath, Napoleon spoke about Russia, and said that the European nations would yet find that he (Napoleon) had adopted |