THE

APPENDIX

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE

HE primary authority for Falkland's life is Clarendon, History of the Rebellion, and Autobiography. Indeed a biographer may well say, "Clarendon, Clarendon, toujours Clarendon". My references (except where otherwise stated) are to the edition of the Rebellion published at Oxford in 1839, of the Life in 1827. For criticism of Clarendon cf. Firth, ap. English Historical Review, vol. xix., Nos. 73, 74, 75. Rushworth, Historical Collections (London, 1692), and Nalson's Collections (London, 1682), are invaluable, as are the Journals of the Houses of Lords and Commons. S. R. Gardiner's Constitutional Documents (Clar. Press); May's History of the Long Parliament; Baillie's Letters and Journals; Strafford's Letters; Whitelocke's Memorials; Anthony Wood's Athena Oxonienses (ed. Bliss, 1813), and Life (ed. Clark, Oxford, 1891); various volumes of the Historical MSS. Commission; the Verney Memoirs; Cases in the Courts of Star Chamber and High Commission (ed. Gardiner for Camden Society); Lismore Papers (ed. Grosart); Aubrey, Lives (Oxford Hist. Soc.), are more or less important. Falkland's most important speeches are printed verbatim in the text, generally from Rushworth corrected from Cobbett. His Poems have been collected and edited by A. B. Grosart (1870). I have printed in the text, virtually in extenso (from "King's Pamphlets," E. 121, British Museum), A letter sent from the Lord Falkland 30 Sept., 1642, concerning the late conflict before Worcester (London, 1642), and have referred also to A discourse of Infallibility, with Mr. T. White's answer to it,

and a reply from him. . . . Also Mr. W. Montague . . . his Letter against Protestantism, and his lordship's answer thereunto . . . to which are now added two Discourses of Episcopacy by Viscount Falkland and William Chillingworth, edited by Triplet, London, 1660. The last-mentioned discourses are not included in the earlier edition of 1651.

Our knowledge of Elizabeth Tanfield, afterwards first Lady Falkland, is derived from a Life printed in 1861 (see note, p. 52). Lady Georgiana Fullerton's Life of Lady Falkland adds but little to it. For the second Viscountess Falkland, cf. Letter to Lady Morison containing many remarkable passages in the most holy life and death of the late Lady Letice, Vi-countess Falkland, by the Rev. John Duncon (first printed 1649). Lloyd's Memoirs and Sir Philip Warwick's Memoirs of Charles I. throw an occasional light on Falkland and his friends. The works of the latter, especially Chillingworth's, are essential to an understanding of Falkland's position.

Among modern works I have used freely the Dictionary of National Biography (though the articles on the first and second Lord Falkland are not free from error); Gardiner's History of England and Civil War; Principal Tulloch's Rational Theology and Christian Philosophy in England in the Seventeenth Century (Blackwood, 1874), which contains an admirable appreciation of Falkland; Lady Theresa Lewis's Lives of the Friends and Contemporaries of Clarendon (Murray, 1852), containing a good though not wholly accurate life of Falkland; W. Hudson Shaw's Lecture on Lucius Cary, Lord Falkland (Philadelphia, 1896)—an admirable sketch; W. A. Shaw's History of the English Church during the Civil Wars and under the Commonwealth, 1640-1660 (Longmans, 1900). I much regret that owing to a curious mischance I failed to make acquaintance with Falklands (Longmans, 1897), an interesting work by the author of The Life of Sir K. Digby, until my book was nearing completion, otherwise I should doubtless have incurred a considerable debt to it; and that F. A. Hyett's Gloucester appeared too late for me to make use of it. Money, Two Battles of Newbury; Hallam, Constitutional History; Courthope, His

tory of English Poetry; Mrs. Sturge Henderson, Three Centuries of Life in North Oxfordshire; W. H. Hutton, English Church (1625-1714); Ditchfield, Memorials of Oxfordshire; H. A. Evans, Highways and Byways in Oxford and the Cotswolds; Boase, Oxford; H. O. Wakeman, The Church and the Puritans; Forster, Grand Remonstrance; Sanford, Studies in the Great Rebellion, are among the modern works which I have laid under contribution. The last two have something of the value of contemporary authorities, so careful is their research. Horace Walpole's Royal and Noble Authors contains a spiteful sketch of Falkland.

Among many essays on Falkland the best are those of Lord Lytton (Quarterly Review, vol. 108 (1860), and reprinted in Prose Works), Matthew Arnold, Mixed Essays, and Goldwin Smith, Lectures and Essays (privately printed at Toronto, 1881).