as described in his admission register to Gray's Inn, 3 May, 1720. He was elected M.P. for Hedon at the general election of the following year. Upon a vacancy of 1741, but unseated on petition 4 March occurring in 1746 he again contested, but lost the election, 29 Nov., 1746, by one vote, he polling sixty-four votes against his competitor's sixty-five. Upon petition, however, 11 Feb., 1746/7, the decision was reversed, and Robinson secured the seat. Re-elected at the general election in July, 1747, he sat till the dissolution of 1754, when he again contested, but lost by thirty-one votes against ninety-seven, after which he made no further attempt at Parliamentary honours. A Luke Robinson died at Lichfield, 24 Feb., 1764 (Gent. Mag.); and a Luke Robinson of York died in 1776; monument in Bath Abbey Church (Gent. Mag., vol. for 1783, p. 214). One of these may have been the W. D. PINK. OUR NATIONAL ANTHEM (11 S. xi. 68, 113). There is a good deal about the National Anthem in Parodies of the Works of English and American Authors,' collected and annotated by Walter Hamilton, vol. iv. pp. 111--12. Although in the Index 'God save the King' appears under Henry Carey, Hamilton leaves the question of authorship open as to both words and music. He remarks :— LUKE ROBINSON, M.P. (11 S. xi. 9, 55, 70, 111, 177). The first of the two M.P.'s of these names was of Thornton Riseborough, co. York, eldest son of Sir Arthur Robinson of Dighton, Knight, Sheriff of Yorks 1632. 1633 (who was buried at Escrick, 10 Dec., 1642), by his first wife, Elizabeth, daughter of William Walthall of London, citizen and mercer. He was baptized at St. Peter's, Cornhill, 6 Sept., 1610; admitted to Gray's Inn, 11 Feb., 1629/30; M.P. for Scarborough, last-named M.P. October, 1645, till 1653; for N.R. co. York, 1656-8; Malton, 1659 (by double return), till void, 7 March of same year; Scarborough again, 1660, till expelled 11 June. Was a member of the First and Second Councils of State to the Commonwealth, 1649-51, and also of the Rump Second Council, 31 Dec., 1659, till the Restoration. He married (1) 9 May, 1633, at Belfrys, York, Frances, daughter of Phineas Hodgson, D.D.; she was buried at York Minster, October, 1634; (2) in 1636, at St. Lawrence, York, Mary, daughter of Edward Pennell of Woodhall, co. Worcester; she was buried at York Minster, 6 Aug., 1642; (3) Judith, daughter of Sir John Reade of Wrangle, co. Lincoln, Knight, who survived her husband. His will dated 3 July, 1669, and proved at York; to be buried at Pickering.' He Left three sons, Luke, Arthur, and John, aged respectively 14, 11, and 10 at Dugdale's Visitation of Yorkshire, 28 Aug., 1665; also one daughter, Judith, co-executor of her father. 66 The family was descended from John Robynson, citizen and Merchant Taylor of London and Merchant of the Staple, who was elected Alderman of Aldgate Ward, 29 Feb., 1592, but discharged 3 April following, being buried at St. Helen's, Bishopsgate, 28 Feb., 1599/1600, having had nine sons and seven daughters, as portrayed on an elaborate monument to the father and mother in that church. I have never been able to ascertain definite genealogical particulars of Luke Robinson, M.P. No. 2, beyond that he was third son of Charles Robinson of Kingston-on-Hull, Many interesting facts bearing on these disputed questions will be found in an account of the National Anthem, entitled God save the King,' by Richard Clarke, London, W. Wright, Fleet Chappell; The Music of the Church,' by Thomas Street, 1822; also in Old National Airs,' by W. Hirst; and An Introduction to the Study of National Music,' by Carl Engel, London, 1866." ROBERT PIERPOINT. In A Great Peace-Maker: the Diary of James Gallatin, Secretary to Albert Gallatin, U.S. Envoy to France and England, and Negotiator of the Treaty of Ghent,' edited by Count Gallatin (London, Heinemann, 1914), the diarist says (p. 170), speaking of a ball at the Russian Embassy in Paris on 20 Nov., 1820 : "The orchestra as a finale played all the different national airs. "Yankee Doodle' sounded rather tame and vulgar after the grand Russian Hymn and God save the King. Oddly enough "God save the King' is the National Anthem of Geneva; it was played after the Escalade' in 1602. The name of the composer is not known. Both Lulli and Handel claimed it; but that is absurd, as the original manuscript music is in the Arsenal at Geneva." BARRULE. as THE HOUSE OF NORMANDY (11 S. xi. 105). This descent is not quite correct in at least one particular. Arlette is shown married to Robert, Duke of Normandy; but it is well known that the Conqueror was illegitimate. Is there any proof that Gunred (usually spelt Gundred) was the Conqueror's daughter? The question has been raised lately in these columns, but has brought no reply. Again, is the consanguinity between the Conqueror and his wife correctly shown? Did not Freeman leave the point unsolved? The descent can be carried further back as follows: Eistain Glumra. (the noisy) = Rolf Nefja .. Rägnvald, Jarl of Mæren, Ragnild (Hild). fl. A.D. 863 (see ante, p. 105). R. W. B. REGENT CIRCUS, PICCADILLY (11 S. x. 313, 373, 431, 475; xi. 14, 51, 98, 136, 155).— I thank MR. FROST for his correction, in support of which I contribute the following. In Cruchley's New Plan of London, 1838," Street, running to Hyde Park Corner. Piccadilly is a continuation_of_Coventry Coventry Street, c. 1681, took its name from Mr. Secretary Coventry's mansion, which stood near the end of the Haymarket, and was sometimes called Piccadilly House. The London Gazette, 30 July to 3 Aug., 1674, No. 908, mentions "Mr. Secretary Coventry's House in Piccadilly. And in Savile's Corresp.' (Camden Soc.), p. 293, it is named Piccadilly House. The celebrated place of entertainment called Piccadilly Hall, situated at the top of the Haymarket, belonged to Robert Baker, of the parish of St. Martin's-inthe-Fields. By his will dated 14 April, 1623, he bequeathed 21. 108. in money GILBERT FAMILY (11 S. ix. 49, 112). At and 108. in bread to the poor of the parish the latter reference it is stated that Vivian the Accounts of the Overseers of the Poor in which he lived. This is recorded in makes no mention of any issue of the marriage of St. Martin's as follows:-"Of Robte of John Gilbert of Greenway (and Compton Backer of Piccadilley Halle gewen by will Castle) with Anne, daughter of Richard Courtenay. There was issue four sons (John, There is no earlier use of the name Pomroy, Courtenay, and Humphrey) and Piccadilly. eight daughters (Anne, Catherine, Henrietta, Maria, Elizabeth Margaret, Urania, Joan, and Lucy). From the second son, Pomroy, are numerous descendants now living. WILLIAM GILBERT. 35, Broad Street Avenue, E.C. 'ALL'S FAIR IN LOVE AND WAR (11 S. xi. 151).—On p. 754 of Cassell's Book of Quotations (1907) this saying is treated as a later form of "Fair chieve all where love trucks," from John Ray's Compleat Collection of English Proverbs,' first pub lished in 1742. A. C. C. Evelyn in his Diary,' 31 July, 1662, says: "I sat with the Commissioners about reforming buildings and streets of London, and we ordered the paving of the way down to St. James' North, which was a quagmire, and also of the Haymarket about Piquedillo." 66 Piccadilly was at first only a short road running no further west than SackvilleStreet; as far as Albemarle Street it was called Portugal Street, and all beyond the way to Reding (Wheatley's 'London Past and Present '). Present). The portion of Regent Street from Carlton House up to Piccadilly was finished in 1817. Pigot & Co.'s 'Directory," 1823-4, contains a map showing Regent THE HUNAS OF WIDSITH (11 S. xi. 143). Street crossing Piccadilly before the Circus -The late Mr. Karl Blind called attention was constructed. But in a map of London and to the passage in Bede in The Gentleman's Westminster, 1822, the whole of the Regent Magazine in 1883. For several other refer-Street thoroughfare is for the first time shown ences on the subject of German and Scandi- completed. It is evident from the above navian Huns see the Introduction in The accounts that Folk-Tales of the Magyars,' published by the the Haymarket; and, it may be added,, gay Piccadilly" began at Folk-Lore Society in 1889. L. L. K. remains so to this day. TOM JONES. 66 CLERICAL DIRECTORIES (11 S. xi. 109, 158). -A "new edition" of the Clerical Guide,' edited by Richard Gilbert, was published by Rivington-printed by Gilbert & Rivington -in 1836. That the need of an annual list was felt is evident by an extract from an autograph letter before me written by Thomas Dudley Fosbroke, 21 Oct., 1829, to J. B. Nichols, the publisher : "One of the books reviewed [by T. D. F.] suggests an idea, which deserves your consideration. An Army List and a Law List are both published with profit. Now there are returns made annually to the Privy Council of all the Incumbents and Curates throughout the realm. By a little interest with the officers of the Privy Council, and perhaps a trifling pecuniary bonus, you could publish annually a Clerical List of Încumbents and Curates, including the Stipendiary, made out of these returns. It is not a work of labour. I merely throw out the hint because I think it might turn to good account. The Bishops and Clergy from obvious interest and utility would be sure to patronise it. Mr. Davies Gilbert could, I think, easily obtain the access to the documents. The Bishops, I am sure, would facilitate the thing, if the Council refuse, and they can supply the documents from the Visitation Lists. Say nothing about it, for Rivington would grasp at it, at least I think so.' Gloucester. ROLAND AUSTIN. BARRING-OUT (11 S. viii. 370, 417, 473, 515; ix. 55; x. 258; xi. 32).-To these references add 'Rattlin the Reefer' (by Lieut. Edward Howard, R.N.), edited by Capt. Marryat, chap. xiv. et seq. The indicated date of the incident, which may be founded on fact, is about 1800. See chaps. xiv., xvi., pp. 49, 56 of Routledge's shilling edition. According to Allibone, the novel was first published in 1838. ROBERT PIERPOINT. An article entitled 'Rural Life,' &c., by James Bromley, Esq., which appeared in the Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire (1879-80, vol. xxxii.), gives on p. 133 an early reference to this custom. The entry is taken from the diary of Mr. Peter Walkden (1684-1769), a Nonconformist clergyman, whose cure was at Thornby, near Chipping, Yorks : "When his son's schoolfellows barred out' the schoolmaster he gave them 2d. to celebrate the event." Notes on Books. The Handbook of Folk-Lore. By Charlotte Sophia Burne. (Sidgwick & Jackson, 68. net.) WE accord a hearty welcome to this Handbook, published under the auspices of the Folk-Lore Society. It is a revised and enlarged edition, and the author in her Preface gives an account of the " complicated genesis of the book. When the original edition was published in 1890, its scheme of classification was devised by Sir Laurence Gomme. This has been retained, with only such modification as experience and extended knowledge have shown to be desirable. Some years ago Mr. E. Sidney Hartland collected a quantity of material for a new edition which was not carried out, and he has generously placed the manuscript at the author's disposal; in addition, "the whole work has had the benefit of his wide range of rading, and of his suggestions and advice.' The author explains that the subject is presented in a popular form, and is adapted for persons residing in country places as well as missionaries, travellers, or settlers whose lot is cast among half-civilized populations. "Such persons have it in their power to contribute very greatly to the advance of an important study, the value of which is as yet hardly appreciated; and it is believed they will be willing to do so, if only the way is pointed out to them. To do this is the aim of The Handbook of Folk-Lore.' With a view to this, the Introduction contains suggestions to collectors, followed by a short list of accepted terms, practical hints as to the way to put questions to natives, and some types of IndoEuropean folk-tales. The first part of the book treats of Belief and Practice,' and the collector is advised how to begin his own studies so as to familiarize himself with the attitude of the folk and their methods of thinking and reasoning. In the first chapter, The Earth and the Sky, Sir Everard im Thurn is quoted as stating that "the Indians of Guiana believe that inanimate objects, such as plants, stones, and rivers, are compounded of body and spirit, and not only many rocks, but also many waterfalls, streams, and indeed material bodies of every sort,. are supposed to consist each of a body and spirit,. as does a man.' Although the idea of personality in rocks and stones does not present itself in so "the belief that great crude a form in Europe, common. standing-stones are transformed human beings is The circle known as the Hurlers in Cornwall is believed to be a party of Sabbathbreakers turned to stone." The vegetable world is also, as we know, surthat the cocoa-nut has eyes, and therefore will rounded with superstition. The Malay believes never fall on anybody's head. Drovers' sticks in England are often made of holly, because it has the useful property of bringing back runaway cattle if thrown after them. Houseleek is encouraged on roofs in France and Germany to Mr. Bromley, in an explanatory note, repel lightning; sprigs of yew are hung from adds: Barring - out. resorted to by the pupils before the holidays to stipulate for the discipline of the succeeding term." AITCHO. An ancient school custom balconies in Spain with like intent; and while we know many who will not allow hawthorn blossom to be brought into the house, as they suppose it to bring misfortune, yet pieces of it gathered on Ascension Day are used in some parts of England as a protection against lightning. Turning to the animal world, the author says: "Perhaps hardly enough importance has hitherto been attached by students to the idea of the superhuman power and knowledge of animals. Yet it is widely spread.' "Many of the North American tribes think of animals as bound together in tribes and communities like human beings, and acting like human beings, but wielding superhuman power." Under the title of Rites of Individual Life' there is much that is curious. A Welshwoman during pregnancy, even at the present day, is forbidden to make up butter or do any work in the dairy, to salt bacon, or to touch any part of a slaughtered pig, for the touch of such a woman is regarded as very pernicious." In the Northern Counties there is still a belief that a woman has no remedy at law for any insults or blows she may receive if seen out of doors unchurched." Under Calendar Fasts and Festivals' we find traces of the old agricultural reckoning by seasons : "In the Isle of Man it is a debatable question whether the 1st of January or the 1st of November is the true New Year's Day, for the latter is the date for entering all farm-holdings or farmservice." 66 66 Miss Burne has evidently thoroughly enjoyed the task of rewriting the little pioneer work of 1890, and she expresses a final hope that the compressed form in which it has been necessary to present the various examples cited will not mislead any reader into supposing that such summaries are all that is needful to give of scenes of the kind which he or she may be so fortunate as to witness, and that minute particulars would only be tedious. On the contrary, the any fuller the details supplied, the more welcome will the record be to the scientific world." This Handbook should lead to an increase in the number of students in the worldwide field of folk-lore. The present volume shows what results have been attained since our founder coined the word in 1846, and also indicates, as Miss Burne says, how much there is yet to accomplish. The Fortnightly Review and The Nineteenth Century both set before their readers this month studies-critical, inconclusive, and somewhat gloomy, as they are bound to be of the conditions and problems which surround the main business of the war, whether in present, past, or future. The sum total of them is to press home more vigorously than any of these collections of essays have yet done since the beginning of hostilities a sense of the vastness and heaviness of the task which awaits the European Governments in general, and our own in particular, when the task of the moment is accomplished. The Fortnightly has three or four papers more or less disconnected from the great topic, and we may include among them a charmingly written sketch of a French château, and a French family as visited just before the war, from the pen of Mrs. Mannington Caffyn. Mr. T. H. S. Escott in Lord Beaconsfield in Society; preserves one or two pleasant anecdotes, though perhaps no sentence is more likely to provoke a smile, than one of the writer's own, in which he explains that, "even after promotion to the peerage, Disraeli did not intentionally drop the untitled hosts whose modest hospitalities... The Neglect and Misuse of Bach's Organ Works,' by Mr. Heathcote Statham, is a welcome article, for which we can but desire the attention of lovers of music. Mr. W. W. Gibson has a striking poem, The Blast Furnace,' in which, however, the employment of the traditional form of "blank verse struck us rather as the top-hats in the pictures of early cricketers do. No doubt, in the deep nature of things, there is no reason why men should not play cricket in top-hats. Mr. John Palmer's Bernard Shaw: an Epitaph,' is a clever, and in the main well-aimed piece of criticism, which, despite a scathing line or two at the beginning, by no means errs through lack of appreciation. In The Nineteenth Century, under the title 'SelfAppointed Statesmen,' Mr. J. O. P. Bland has a vigorous article in which Mr. H. G. Wells and Mr. Bernard Shaw are bracketed together for rebuke, while a scattering of reprimands is thrown out against minor imaginative writers. Some of the remarks are, perhaps, harsher than need be; but probably the main contention of the paper will Mr. John Freecommand fairly general assent. man writes on 'Poetry Prophecy, and the Wara discussion, that is, of the works of Mr. Doughty and Mr. Thomas Hardy. Dr. Thomson continues from The Quarterly Review, as to the right of logic the pleasant dispute, transferred to these pages to survive. Beyond these all the papers are directly concerned either with the war or with social questions arising out of it, unless we except the description of a trip to Siberia last July and August by Miss Dora Curtis. Mr. Brend has some birth-rate, but we hardly think he was justified grave warnings to impart on the subject of the in choosing for his contribution a title so crude and comically alarming as 'The Passing of the Child.' Notices to Correspondents. WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately, nor can we advise correspondents as to the value of old books and other objects or as to the means of disposing of them. EDITORIAL Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries '"-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publishers" at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C. To secure insertion of communications correspondents must observe the following rules. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. When answering queries, or making notes with regard to previous entries in the paper, contributors are requested to put in parentheses, immediately after the exact heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to which they refer. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate." SLEUTH-HOUND.-"Si vis pacem," &c., was discussed at 11 S. vii. 308, 394. At the latter reference PROF. BENSLY quotes the passage from Dion Chrysostom. He suggests-since the origin of the phrase as commonly quoted is not known-that it would be useful to record the earliest instances of it. It is not thought to be ancient. LONDON, SATURDAY, MARCH 13, 1915. CONTENTS.-No. 272. NOTES:- English Chaplains at Aleppo, 201-Letters of Lady Anne Babington and her Daughter, 202-Holcroft Bibliography, 203-Inscriptions in the Ancien Cimetière, Mentone, 205-The Welsh Guards: Motto and Emblems, 206-"Star Chamber "-" Sea-divinity "-Florence Nightingale "Route-march "-" Peaceable" as a Surname"Wait till the tail breaks," 207. QUERIES:-Woolmer or Wolmer Family-Cyder CellarsScott's Woodstock-Rumley Family-Standard-Bearer at Bosworth Field-Fawcett of Walthamstow: 'Agnes' -J. Hill, 208-Family of Henry Vaughan-Tpíа κáжжа KάKLOTα-"The Reader of Liverpool "-Mordaunt's 'Obituary'-"The red, white, and blue"-"Peace with bonour" -Napoleon at Fontainebleau and Elba '-Thomas Ravis, Bishop of London-Biographical Information WantedActon-Burnell, Shropshire, 209-Brotherhood of St. Sulpice -Marybone Lane and Swallow Street-Belinus-Ballard's Lane, Finchley-Theatrical Life, 1875-85-Royal Regiment of Artillery-Leitens-Life,' Poem recited by Clifford Harrison- The Fruit Girl,' 210-" Sir Andrew "-Lady Mary Wortley Montagu-Amalafrida in Procopius-Photograph of Dickens, 211. REPLIES:-Massacre of St. Bartholomew Medal, 211Ellops and Scorpion, 212-Packet-Boat Charges-Elbée Family-"Cole "Coole," 213- Pronunciation: its Changes-De_Glamorgan, 214 M. V. de la Croze W. Roberts, Esq.-Royal Regiment of Artillery-"By hook and crook," 215-D'Oyley's Warehouse-" Wangle," 216-Solomon's Advice to his Son-The Pronunciation of "Chopin "-Heraldry without Tinctures-Lion with Rose -Author of Hymns Wanted-The Knights Templars : Alleged Appropriation-Reversed Engravings-Punctua: tionPictures and Puritans, 217 - Starlings taught to Speak- De Quincey on "Time for direct intellectual culture"-Harrison Green - Henley Family-Da Costa: Brydges Willyams--Savery Family, 218. or NOTES ON BOOKS:-The Gospel of Nicodemus and Thomas Pritchett. 1636. Bartholomew Chaffield. 1641-85. Tomb in the Aleppo cemetery. About this time the famous Bishop Frampton (Nonjuror) visited Aleppo, and acted as chaplain (see Maundrell's 'Journey '). Henry Maundrell. 1695-1701. Author of an account of a journey from Aleppo to Jerusalem, a popular book in several editions. Thomas Owen. 1706-16. Buried at Aleppo. Robert Fosten. John Hussey. last on the list. 1769-70. 1770-78. Buried at Aleppo. 1779-82. This is apparently the 66 Also '2 fowling-pecees." 66 66 In his chamber were a 'large cistern with a fountain japanned," a 'gilt iron bedstead," and a Venetian chest with the Church plate and Linen." In the stable a "Canavette with 11 empty bottles, and a horse with 2 saddles." Mr. Owen also left behind him a collection, of books, letters, and MS. sermons, and a large number of medals and other curiosities, collected during his ten years' residence in Aleppo. His tombstone has disappeared from the cemetery. The Levant merchants of all periods were ardent collectors of medals, intaglios, gems, and antiquities of all kinds, and to some of their chaplains we owe many of the historical treasures of our national collections, from the days of the bringing to England of the Arundel Marbles onwards. The Rev. Thos. Smith, Chaplain at Constantinople in 1677 (Remarks upon the Manners, &c., of the Turks,' Lond., 1678), exhibits the spirit of the antiquarian collector of that period when he urges that an incredible number of marbles remain behind in those parts, and others are continually dug up (the erecting of these having been formerly the |