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Boards, and for the supervision of the working of the papers in the Final Examinations of the Society's Board.

20. Judgment will then be passed by the Society's Board of Examiners, and the Awards, Prizes, and Certificates will be communicated to the parties concerned.

21. The Prizes and First Class Certificates will be awarded at some local centre of importance. The Council will afford some aid to the travelling expenses of the Candidates who may desire to come up and receive their Certificates.

EXAMINATIONS AT OXFORD AND
CAMBRIDGE.

22. The Council have read with the greatest satisfaction the Statute, recently published by the University of Oxford, for examining and granting Certificates and the title of " Associate in Arts of Oxford" to young persons not of the University. Cambridge is following this excellent example, so far as to Examine and grant Certificates.

The Examinations are to be annual, independent of any denominational test, and open to all youths under 18 years of

age.

With the view of assisting to bring the proposed title of "Associate in Arts of Oxford," within the reach of the Members of Institutes in union with this Society, the Council will grant to each youth, not less than 16 or more than 18 years of age, who shall obtain, in 1858, three of the Society's Certificates of the First Class in the Subjects contained in the Oxford Programme, the sum of £5 towards his expenses, if he attends at the University and undergoes the Examination there.

By order of the Council of the Society of Arts.
P. LE NEVE FOSTER,

Nov. 23, 1857.

Secretary.

The remaining portions of this Programme are inserted, with none but necessary alterations, as drawn up by the Examiners on the 30th of September, 1857.

SUBJECTS FOR EXAMINATION.

23. To guide the reading of the Candidates, and to indicate the portions of the subjects that will be taken in the Examinations, the Examiners in the several departments have set down certain text-books. But they desire it to be distinctly understood that in so doing they do not pronounce any opinion as to the comparative merit of the works named. The selec tion is in many cases determined by the cheapness of the book, or by its being in common use. Real knowledge, however or wherever acquired, will be accepted by the Board of Examiners of the Society of Arts.

I. MATHEMATICS.

ARITHMETIC.

24. Vulgar and Decimal Fractions-The Principles of a Decimal Notation in Money on the basis of the pound unitRule of Three, single and double-Practice, Simple Interest and Discount.

25. The Examiners will take into account not only the correctness of the work, but the clearness with which it is set down, and the neatness of the figures. Round compact figures, as nearly alike as possible to old fashioned printed numerals,* will be preferred.

*

26. Any of the modern Treatises on Arithmetic, such as Colenso (Longmans), or Barnard Smith (Bell & Daldy), may be used.

BOOKKEEPING.

27. Candidates should be prepared to answer questions as to the nature and use of the different books usually kept in a merchant's office. They should be prepared to journalize a series of transactions from a Waste Book, and, having posted the entries to the Ledger, to balance the accounts, to prove

Such as 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9.

them by a trial-balance, and finally to exhibit an account of profit and loss, with a balance-sheet.

28. Candidates will be required to draw the usual commercial forms, such as Receipts, Bills of Exchange, Promissory Notes, Invoices, Account Sales, Accounts Current, Bills of Parcels, and to explain the meanings of the technical terms used in general business.

29. The following books, or some of them, may be consulted:

Bookkeeping, Irish School Series. (Groombridge.)
Rudimentary Bookkeeping. (Weale's Series.)
Kelly's Elements of Bookkeeping. (Simpkins & Co.)

ALGEBRA.

30. Algebraical Fractions, Square and Cube Root, Greatest Common Measure, Least Common Multiple, Simple and Quadratic Equations single and simultaneous, Ratio, and Variations.

31. Colenso's Algebra (Longmans), or Barnard Smith's Algebra (Bell & Daldy), may be used with advantage.

GEOMETRY.

32. Euclid, Books I, II, III, IV, VI, XI and XII. Potts' smaller Edition is recommended. (Parker.)

33. A facility in solving geometrical theorems and problems, deducible from the first six books, will be expected on the part of those who desire to obtain high class Certificates.

MENSURATION.

34. The calculation in numbers of the areas and circumferences of plane figures bounded by arcs of circles or right lines. The superficial and solid contents of cones, cylinders and spheres, &c.

35. Candidates will be expected to be familiar with the different rules for measuring and estimating artificer's work,

such as joiner's, bricklayer's, mason's, slater's, and plumber's work, and to be able to prepare estimates for such work from given quantities.

36. The following books may be consulted:

Rudimentary Treatise on Mensuration. (Weale's Series.)
Young's Treatise on Mensuration. (Simms & M'Intyre.)

TRIGONOMETRY.

37. In Plane Trigonometry, the formulæ for the trigonometrical functions of the sum of two angles, the numerical solution of plane triangles, and the use of Logarithmic Tables.

38. Hall's Trigonometry for Schools, (Christian Knowledge Society,) or any of the modern treatises on Algebraical Trigonometry may be consulted. Mathematical Tables. (Chambers' Series.)

39. Spherical Trigonometry. Napier's Rules. Solution of Spherical Triangles.

CONIC SECTIONS.

40. The properties of the three Curves treated geometrically. Also as deduced from the Cone. The principles of Projection, orthogonal and central, applied to derive the properties of the Conic Sections from those of the Circle.

41. Drew's Conic Sections, (Macmillan,) or

Whewell's Conic Sections, (Parker,) may be consulted.

NAVIGATION AND NAUTICAL ASTRONOMY.

42. A good knowledge of Plane and Spherical Trigonometry, of the definitions and terms used in Nautical Astronomy, and of the various measurements of time and their mutual conversions will be required. Neatness, order, accuracy, in the numerical solutions of problems. Demonstrations of the formulæ employed. The use of Nautical Astronomical Instruments, &c.

43. Riddle's Navigation and Nautical Astronomy. (Baldwin.)

II. PHYSICS.

STATICS, DYNAMICS, HYDROSTATICS, AND PRACTICAL MECHANICS.

44. The Resultant of Applied Forces. The Mechanical Powers. The Construction of Roofs. Laws of Motion, &c. The Theory of the Siphon, the Pump, Hydraulic Ram, &c. The Application of the Principles of Mechanism to Simple Machines. The Steam Engine, &c.

MAGNETISM, ELECTRICITY, And Heat.

:

45. The following books may be consulted :Herschel's Discourse on the Study of Natural Philosophy. (Longmans.)

Lardner's Handbooks of Natural Philosophy. (Walton
& Maberly.)

Brooke's edition of Golding Bird's Elements of Natural
Philosophy. (John Churchill.)

ASTRONOMY.

46. The principles of Plane Astronomy.

Herschel's Astronomy. (Longmans.) First chapters.
Airy's Lectures on Astronomy.

47. Candidates in Mathematics, or Physics, who are not prepared to be examined in the whole of the above subjects, may take up any subdivisions of them, and receive Certificates therein of the grade to which the Examiners shall consider them entitled.

III. CHEMISTRY.

48. Organic and Inorganic. Candidates will be examined in Chemical Symbols, in the Chemistry of the Metalloids and of the Chief Metals,—with reference particularly to the following Trades and Manufactures: Metallurgy of Lead, Iron, and Copper: Bleaching, Dyeing, Soap-boiling, Tanning, Brick-making, Pipe and Tile-making. The Manufacture of Coal-Gas, Sulphuric Acid, &c.

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