5 To swell the list the following may be added: President Abraham Lincoln; first Lord Houghton; the Scottish historiographer, John Hill Burton; Samuel Morley, the philanthropist; William Rathbone Greg; Gogol, the Russian novelist; Sir James Erasmus Wilson, LL.D., F.R.S.; W. F. Skene, D.C.L., famed Celtic scholar; Marshal Manteuffel; Hon. Edward Turner Boyd Twistleton. ANEURIN WILLIAMS. Prof. Harrison in his biography of Edgar Allan Poe (vol. i. p. 8, Virginia edition), speaking of the year of Poe's birth, 1809, mentions the following as born in the same year: Elizabeth Barrett, Alfred Tennyson, Charles Darwin, Chopin, Mendelssohn, Abraham Lincoln, Gladstone, Fanny Kemble, and Oliver Wendell Holmes. Irvine. R. M. HOGG. At 1S. xii. 399 is an article 'Remarkable Men born during the same Year,' from 1748 to 1821. Under 1809 will be found: Richard Monckton Milnes, M.P., poet; Mendelssohn, composer; Joseph Mazzini, revolutionist; Nathaniel Hawthorne, writer; Rt. Hon. William Gladstone, ex-Chancellor of the Exchequer; Signor Gavazzi; Canrobert, French commander. Tennyson is under the year 1810. AN ENGLISH ARMY LIST OF 1740 (12 S. ü. 483; iii. 132).—I regret I can add little to PROF. BENSLY'S note, but as he is good enough to invite my views respecting the Edmund Fielding who received his first commission in 1733, and a later commission in the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers on Mar. 22, 1739/40, I write to say that the young ensign would appear to be unquestionably Henry Fielding's younger brother. That Edmund Fielding, jun., followed the army as a profession is fairly well established on the following evidence : (a) In the Voyage to Lisbon' it is recorded under date July 24, 1754 (corrected date July.19, see 12 S. ii. 515; iii. 100):— "As we passed by Spithead we saw the two regiments of soldiers who were just returned from Gibraltar and Minorca....I found that the troops in general embarked from England to these garrisons, since they had been changed every third year, with the utmost cheerfulness; but that, before this time, they looked upon going to Gibraltar and Port Mahon in the light of banishment; which made many of them melancholy, and some of the soldiers, it is said, had such a strong desire of revisiting their native country, that they absolutely pined away, which an officer in the Marine (c) In the Whitefoord Papers,' 1898 (P. 25), the name appears, under date 1743, Cochran's Regiment of Marines. as a first lieutenant in a list of Col. James yet unascertained. Hitherto the reference was the latest It is known that Edmund Fielding died young, but the exact date of death is as in the Whitefoord Papers point to which he had been traced, but I have turned up a document in the Public Record Office to which his signature is attached, together with those of his brother and sisters, bearing date 1744. PROF. BENSLY also desires further particulars concerning the military career of General Edmund Feilding. It will be well, perhaps, to await the remainder of this important Army List, which may throw light on the regiment of Invalids which he commanded; but I may add that in addition to being occupied in London, as described by Miss Godden, General Feilding, can be traced in official documents and contemporary newspapers, as stationed at various times at Exeter, Greenwich, and Portsmouth. J. PAUL DE CASTRO. C. H. Dalton gives in George the First's Army, 1714-27,' vol. ii. p. 141, the following note concerning General Edmund Fielding: "1. Appointed ensign in the 1st Foot Guards, Dec. 15, 1696; | captain in Brig.-General Webb's Regiment (8th Foot) before 1704; | fought at ment of Foot, April 12, 1706; | succeeded Col. Blenheim; major of Lord Tunbridge's RegiBrasier in command of a Regiment of Foot in Ireland, Aug. 1, 1709; half-pay, 1713; | colonel of a newly raised Regiment of Foot (41st), Mar. 11, 1719; | brig.-general, Mar. 16, 1727; major-general, Nov. 8, 1735; | lieutenantgeneral, July 2, 1739; | died June 20, 1741." J. H. LESLIE. HYPHENATES (12 S. iii. 10).—In speaking of" the American Germans," L. L. K. has put the cart before the horse. For in this country American citizens of foreign birth and those descended from such are always called "German Americans,' ""Irish Americans," &c., as the case may be, sometimes with and sometimes without a hyphen joining the two words. Thus we have the following societies: British-American As sociation," "Danish American Historical the first English Prioress at Buckland Association," "German-American Alliance Sororum. I think the inquirer might find of Boston and Vicinity, ," "German American it worth while to look through Timbs's Society of the United States," Greek- 'Curiosities of London.' 66 are American Club," Greek-American His- 3. Eden mentions Magdalen and Wadham torical Association," "Swedish-American Colleges, Oxford, as possessing portraits of Historical Association," &c. And here are Charles I. and his queen, and Brasenose a few titles of books: Franco-Americans and St. John's of their founders. Charles I. of the State of Maine,' Irish-American and his granddaughter Queen Anne Tories,' 'An Irish-American Victory over also to be found in Harlow Church. Great Britain,' 'The Irish-American Library,' &c. Hence the term "hyphenates has been applied to those American citizens who are alleged to place the interests of the foreign country from which they have been derived above the interests of their own country. ALBERT MATTHEWS. Boston, U.S. FELLOWS OF THE SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES (12 S. ii. 469, 518; iii. 35).—I have to thank MR. PRICE and MR. GOULD, as well as other correspondents who have written to me personally, for answers to my query. May I ask, as a further favour, for information as to the date of death, and the works, of Edward Brent, who was elected Jan. 19, 1758 ? E. BRABROOK. Langham House, Wallington, Surrey. PORTRAITS IN STAINED GLASS (12 S. ii. 172, 211, 275, 317, 337, 374, 458, 517; iii. 15, 36, 76, 95, 159, 198).-In The Ambulator,' 11th edition (London, 1811), at p. 42, there is a mention of the portraits of Margaret Beauchamp, grandmother to Henry VII., of Henry VII. himself, and of Queen Elizabeth in the east window of Battersea Parish Church; at p. 108 the old church at Greenwich is said to have formerly contained a portrait on glass of Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester at p. 146 mention is made of the Crown Public-House, Lower Street, Islington, and it is asserted that " among other decorations on painted glass, apparently of the reign of Henry VII., is an original portrait of Elizabeth, the queen of that monarch, supposed to have been painted in 1487 ; and at p. 245 is a reference to the window from Bexhill now in the possession of MR. MILNERGIBSON-CULLUM (see ante, p. 95). JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT. 1. In the Great Hall at Lambeth Palace is a window containing a portrait of Archbishop Chicheley. 2. On the Chancery landing of St. John's Gate, Clerkenwell, a window has portrait figures of the Grand Priors Sir John Kendal and Sir Thomas Docwra, and also of Fina, 4. St. Andrew's Undershaft, London, has in the west window portraits of Edward VI.,, Elizabeth, James I., Charles I., and Charles II. 5. St. Helen's, Bishopsgate, has a modern window of a dozen citizens of London. A. G. KEALY. Bedford. GUNNERS' HANDBOOKS (12 S. iii. 90, 153). Claudius Shaw. See D. B. Shaw. Second edition. London [1855]. 12mo. Shaw at first published his works under BISHOP, PRIVATE SECRETARY TO GEORGE III. (12 S. ii. 410).-I cannot find any one of this name holding the office of Private Secretary to the Sovereign, the duties of which, I believe, were usually discharged by the Keeper of the Privy Purse. Charles Van Hulse appears to have acted as Private Secretary for some time to William III., and to have been followed by John Robethon until April, 1702, after which I can find no name until Herbert Taylor held the position from 1805 to 1812; in the latter year the same person, John McMahon, was appointed both Keeper of the Privy Purse and Private Secretary. Since 1830, however, the two appointments have generally been kept distinct. W. R. W. BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE VICTORIA CROSS (12 S. iii. 49, 97). Your correspondent at the first reference has omitted in his list two books written by the same author, namely: Britannia's Calendar of Heroes,' compiled by Kate Stanway, with an introduction by the Rev. the Hon. E. Lyttelton, late Head Master of Eton; and the other Sons of Valour,' by Kate Stanway. In the first mentioned there are over one hundred and sixty signatures of heroes of the Victoria Cross. The other work contains the names of 522 men who have been awarded the bronze cross, and is published at one shilling. Shrewsbury. H. T. BEDDOWS. The subjoined will find a suitable place in these lists: 'How one of the McGovern or McGauran Clan won the Victoria Cross in the Indian Mutiny.' By J. H. McGovern, F.L.A.S. Liverpool, 1889. J. B. McGOVERN. St. Stephen's Rectory, C.-on-M., Manchester. ST. BURCHARD (12 S. iii. 127).—It is stated that St. Burchard's Day is Feb. 2. What is the authority for this? On reference to Sir H. Nicolas's Chronology of History: Alphabetical Calendar of Saints' Days,' I find : Oct. 14, but formerly Burkard or Burchard, bishop. in Germany on Thursday after St. Denis. Note that St. Denis is Oct. 9. St. Burchard is not given in the Roman Calendar nor in the Prayer Book Calendar. J. DE C. L. FOUNTAINS ABBEY ACCOUNTS (12 S. iii. 129).—Pulvis pestilencio will probably be the powder against pestilence afterwards included in our old London pharmacopoeias, which consisted of the powders of sanders wood (white, red, and yellow), basil seeds, Armenian bole, cinnamon, dittany, gentian, and tormentil roots, the seeds of citron and sorrel, pearls, sapphires, and the bone of a stag's heart. Pulvis vitalis would, in all likelihood, be a somewhat similar composition, one of the uses of the above, says Culpeper, being to cheer the vital spirits and strengthen the heart." C. C. B. Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (Mythology). Collected and translated from the Hawaiian by W. D. Westervelt. (Boston, U.S.A., Ellis Press; London, Constable & Co., 6s. net.) THE Hawaiian mythological imagination has the luxuriance and the violence of the land of its birth, with something of that weirdness of everchanging outline which also is characteristic of a country actively volcanic. The gods and semigods of the traditions which Mr. Westervelt has here set before us are both as clearly defined as such are usually found to be at a corresponding degree of culture, and subject to confusions and of this degree offer. changes more abrupt even than most mythologies The exceptions are Pele the fire goddess and her youngest sister Hiiaka. Pele, if the reports of Western interpreters may be taken as substantially correct, is a remarkable example of force, beauty, and comprehension in an invention of popular imagination. She will easily stand comparison-so far as poetic or artistic value goes with any similar figure of any mythology. Hiiaka, her little sister, was and out of it presently came a lovely and gentle born in an egg. This Pele carried in her bosom, goddess whose half-filial relation to Pele constitutes the only touch of morality in the legends though even that is not incompatible with deeds pointed out, the bas-reliefs being considered by the of terror and cruelty on the part of Pele towards writer as experiments for work on the doors of her. One thinks inevitably of Demeter and the Duomo. Signor Mario Brunetti contributes a Persephone; and it is noticeable that pigs-note on Romney's sojourn in Venice, and quotes thrown into the chasm of her crater at Kilauea the document in which permission was asked are the appropriate sacrifice to Pele also. Mr. Westervelt's narratives are attractively written especially that of the winning of Lohiau, and the long toil and hard fighting of Hiiaka on her sister's behalf. He winds up with the story of Kapiolani-one of the great stories of the world-and gives us Tennyson's poem on the subject, which made us rather wish that some one else would try his hand at it. Slavery in Germanic Society during the Middle Ages. By Agnes Mathilde Wergeland. (Chicago University Press; London, Cambridge University Press, 48. 6d. net.) THIS is a memorial volume to an accomplished historical scholar, having been found the most suitable of her writings to be reprinted with that object. The Preface, contributed by Mr. Franklin Jameson, speaks of Dr. Wergeland's energy of mind and inspiring qualities as a teacher, and what he says is well borne out by this specimen of her work. After a brief introductory chapter, we have the subject of slavery in Germanic society dealt with under the heads of Reduction, Restitution, and Liberation. The writer's grasp and knowledge of her material is evident, especially her familiarity with the ancient legal aspects of slavery. She makes explicit and connects together much which even the professed historian has hitherto commonly left vague, and thereby made of less importance than it really was in his picture of the past. This monograph in itself is, however, more like an exercise for a degree than a book properly speaking. The reader is enabled by it rather to appreciate the vigour and learning of the writer than to satisfy himself by acquiring for his own part a good grip of her knowledge. Its style, though terse, is curiously evasive, and there is an almost total absence of historical example and illustration. Although one point of difference between the slave and the free may be said to be that the free have a history, and the slave, generation after generation, has none, still, more numerous and more consecutive references to history-especially chronological references would greatly have improved the clearness of the argument. It is, nevertheless, a brilliant essay upon a subject of the highest interest, which deserves more attention from students than it usually receives. The Burlington for March has for frontispiece a photogravure of a portrait of an aged Venetian nobleman, from the collection of Lord Northwick, still in the gallery at Northwick Park. This picture, which has been cleaned, is attributed by Sir Sidney Colvin to Titian, and dated about 1585. Signor Giacomo da Nicola continues the Notes on the Museo Nazionale of Florence,' and gives reproductions of three bas-reliefs found by him in the store-room of the museum. These are powerful works of art, representing respectively the Crowning with Thorns, Christ before Pilate, and the Way of the Cross, and are attri buted with some confidence to Donatello. The correspondences with Donatello's known work are for him to copy Titian's 'St. John the Baptist' in the church of S. Maria Maggiore. Mr. Campbell Dodgson supplies a reproduction of a woodcut illustrating the relics of the Holy Roman Empire, including the robes and regalia used at the coronation of the Emperor at Aix-la-Chapelle, and the spear of St. Maurice. Mr. A. Kingsley Porter in The Chronology of Carlovingian Ornament in Italy' discusses, and gives reproductions of, the ornament on the tomb of S. Cumiano in the crypt of the church of S. Columbano at Bobbio (Piacenza). These ornaments, of great beauty and delicacy of technique, belong to the time of the Lombard king Luitprand (712-743), and illustrate Mr. Porter's thesis that the great time of Carlovingian art was the eighth century. This tomb also points to a centre of Irish artistic influence in Italy at this time. Mr. Lionel Cust discourses on Manet at the National Gallery, and some of the pictures now on view there are reproduced. Mr. G. F. Hill has an article on the Whitcombe Greene Plaquettes. To secure insertion of communications correspondents must observe the following rules. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. When answering queries, or making notes with regard to previous entries in the paper, contributors are requested to put in parentheses, immediately after the exact heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to which they refer. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate." MRS. VENDENHEIM.-Forwarded. MALVERN.-Forwarded to MR. PENRY LEWIS. ST. PAUL'S SCHOOL: EDWARD NELTHORPE (12 S. iii. 128).-COL. FYNMORE writes: "Burke's Peerage and Baronetage,' 10th edition, has Edward, third son of Sir Goddard Nelthorpe, Bart., d.s.p. Dec. 24, 1728.' SARAH, DUCHESS OF MARLBOROUGH (12 S. iii. 169).-MR. A. R. BAYLEY, quoting from 'Historical Memorials of Westminster,' Stanley's gives as the Dean's authority for the story Mrs. Delany's 'Autobiography,' iii. 167. ODOURS (12 S. ii. 490; iii. 179).-MR. W. A. HIRST writes: "The gas mentioned at the latter reference is called by the French the Lilac Death." NOTICE. UNLESS the unexpected happens, the next number (March 31) will be the last weekly issue of N. & Q.'-at least, until the conclusion of the War. It will be remembered that in 1915, rather than allow me to accept an offer which was made to purchase the copyright, certain contributors raised a sum of money as guarantee against loss in carrying on." The amount then collected is now so nearly exhausted that I am faced with the possibility of having to stop publication altogether unless expenses are at once reduced. I much regret that the change has become so imminent before acquainting our readers with its necessity. The reason for this is that the contributor who was most active in raising the Guarantee Fund asked me to delay making any announcement for a month, before the conclusion of which he hoped to be able to render it possible to continue the weekly issue. In addition to the voluntary work thus undertaken on behalf of the paper, he generously agreed to find £20 towards the expenses that would be incurred during the interval. The time has now expired, and I regret to say that he has been unsuccessful in his endeavour. I have put before those who contributed to the Guarantee Fund the following four suggestions which were made to me: (1) That a small private company should be formed among the contributors. (2) That 'N. & Q.' should be issued monthly instead of weekly. (3) That the size of the paper should be reduced to 16 pages weekly. (4) That the price should be raised from 4d. to (?) 6d. weekly. LONDON, SATURDAY, MARCH 24, 1917. CONTENTS.-No. 65. NOTES:-Portsmouth Dockyard in 1756, 221-Fleetwood Cruscan - King's QUERIES:-" Benedict," the Della REPLIES:-Representations of the Blessed Trinity, 231- Notes. PORTSMOUTH DOCKYARD IN 1756. THE diary which follows came into my hands from the same source and under the circumstances stated in my previous communications (see ante, p. 89). The writer of the present diary was apparently a naval officer whose particular duty was the inspection of dockyards, as the writer of the former diary was probably a military engineer officer. Neither has signed his name-which, after all, is only what one would expect, for one never does sign one's name to a diary unless But the naval man fortu The response so far received points conclusively to the monthly issue-not so much because of the number who regard such a course as the least of the evils, as because nearly all those who favour it have already it be official. sent contributions towards making it pos-nately has given the date in full, whereas the sible. It is proposed that the monthly issue military man left it to be discovered by shall take the form of a 32-page paper, correspondents of N. & Q. Probably the published at 6d. on the 15th. It will be identity of the former could be ascertained enlarged or curtailed as circumstances permit at the Admiralty if the officials of that or necessitate. department had not just now weightier matters to occupy all their time. I can only hope that the friends of 'N. & Q.' will enable us to make the change as successful as is possible in the very trying circumstances at present obtaining. J. EDWARD FRANCIS. Muddling through seems to have been the order of the day in the reign of King George II., as it has been on different occasions in more recent reigns, and good 66 |