resulting from the innocence or beneficence of the offender's disposition, can operate, the strength of the temptation may operate in abatement of the demand for punishment. But it can never operate so far as to indicate the propriety of making the punishment ineffectual, which it is sure to be when brought below the level of the apparent profit of their offence.

The partial benevolence which should prevail for the reduction of it below this level, would counteract as well those purposes which such a motive would actually have in view, as those more extensive purposes which benevolence ought to have in view: it would be cruelty not only to the public, but to the very persons in whose behalf it pleads in its effects, I mean, however opposite in its intention. Cruelty to the public, that is cruelty to the innocent, by suffering them, for want of an adequate protection, to lie exposed to the mischief of the offence: cruelty even to the offender himself, by punishing him to no purpose, and without the chance of compassing that beneficial end, by which alone the introduction of the evil of punishment is to be justified.

NOTE W, page 324,

Forging of Bank of England Notes.

An account of the Total Number of Forged Bank Notes, discovered by the Bank to have been Forged, by Presentation for Payment, or otherwise, from 1st January 1812, to 10th April 1818; distinguishing each Year, and also distinguishing the Number of Notes of 11. of 21 of 51. of 101. of 201. and above 207. in Value

:

The Total nominal Value of the 131,361 Notes reported above, excluding those above 201, of which no individual Return is made, was ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-SEVEN THOUSAND TWO HUNDRED AND FORTY-TWO POUNDS.

HONORARY MEMBER OF THE PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON;

Author of a Compendious System of Modern Geography; a Statistical Chart of Europe; an Essay on Improving the Condition of the Poor; and Translator of M. de Rossel's Treatise on finding the Latitude and Longitude at Sea, with Notes and Additions.

London:

VOL. XII.

Pam.

NO. XXIV.

Y

TO THE RIGHT HONORABLE

GENERAL LORD MUNCASTER,

&c. &c. &c.

MY LORD,

THE following Remarks were written solely for your Lordship's perusal; and under the auspices of that approbation which your Lordship was pleased to bestow upon them, they are now submitted to the public. The importance of the subject must plead for the temerity of the attempt; as whatever has a tendency to place the cultivation of the intellectual powers and moral principles of man in its true light, and to stamp its genuine impress more indelibly on the public mind, is not without real claims to indulgence.

Sanctioned by your Lordship's patronage, the present effort to produce these effects, however feeble, cannot be in vain. Allow me, therefore, to observe, that its success must be ascribed to your Lordship's condescending encouragement; while for its defects, he alone is responsible who has the honor to remain, with every sentiment of respect,

MY LORD,

Your Lordship's much obliged,
and most faithful Servant,

ROYAL MILITARY ACADEMY,

December 15th, 1817.

THOMAS MYERS.

REMARKS,

&c. &c. &c.

THE grand and ultimate object of Education is to store the minds of youth with that knowledge and wisdom which will render their future lives the most beneficial both to themselves and society. This important object, however, can only be accomplished by an effectual preparation for the discharge of those individual and social duties, and the practice of those public and private virtues, inseparably connected by Providence with that sphere of life in which they are called to move. That man is in a great measure the product of education, is a position supported by daily experience; and hence arises that distinguishing tint which so frequently diffuses itself over every lineament of his subsequent character, and imparts either brilliancy or shade to the whole complexion of his social deportment. In preparing the youthful mind, therefore, for its future career, it should ever be remembered, that if illumination be useful, virtue is essential; and that the real value of knowledge springs from its alliance with purity of principle.

When the understanding is cultivated at the expense of the heart, the consequences are always dangerous, and often fatal. An exclusive cultivation of the affections engenders a fanatical exaltation of feeling; and a developement of the intellectual powers alone releases the passions from the curb of principle, and allows them to exercise their baneful sway without control. Hence amusement assumes that importance which is due to utility only; a depraved wit snatches the palm which integrity alone deserves; and genius, degraded by abuse, is crowned with those laurels to which probity and honor have an exclusive claim. Thus the endowments which ought to give scope to the noblest powers of the

human mind, and support to the moral dignity of man, are converted into the instruments of its certain destruction.

Consequences so dangerous to individual happiness and social prosperity can only be avoided by conducting the intellectual and moral faculties in a parallel march, and giving to each its appropriate developement and direction, by instructing youth in all those branches of useful and ornamental knowledge which their stations in life require, and by assiduously and earnestly cultivating those principles which can alone fit the mind for entering on a career of honor, patriotism and philanthropy, when called to take its part in the active scenes of the present life, or lay the foundation of a well-grounded hope of felicity in the life to come.

Much of the pupil's early labors must necessarily be spent in the acquisition of words; and to this end the attainment of his own language, and the elements of classical learning are chiefly directed. But while he is thus acquiring the instruments of his subsequent progress, or perhaps the weapons of his future warfare, the serious preceptor will be anxious to guard every avenue to licentiousness and impurity which this enlarged intercourse with heathen writers may present to his youthful mind. Without this important watchfulness, whatever advantages might be derived from the elegance of their language, the excellence of their diction, and the sublimity of their poetry, would be more than counterbalanced by that moral taint which the manners of the age, the subjects of which they treat, and especially their ignorance of the purifying principles of christianity, have too generally diffused throughout their most valuable compositions. For notwithstanding the attention of the student is, at this period, chiefly directed to the acquisition of words, and their almost infinitely varied combinations, those must prove the vehicles of ideas; and it is of the utmost consequence that these ideas should be rendered subservient to the cultivation of those principles of morality, probity and honor, which must be constantly and affectionately inculcated, not only as forming the basis, but as constituting the essential support, of his future fame.

One of the first and most serious obstacles experienced by those who are engaged in developing the faculties of the human mind, and guiding its expanding powers into the paths of usefulness and truth, is that volatility of disposition so characteristic of the early periods of life. To overcome this instability, and habituate the mind to a steady and close application to any required subject, are therefore objects of great importance in the early progress of mental culture; and the future acquisitions of the pupil will in general be commensurate to the degree in which they are accomplished. The judicious tutor will, therefore, direct his constant and unwearied