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one's call-but who did not despise the modern enlightenments of his profession, because they were not in Paulus Agineta; though, at the same time, he did not despise the admirable and industrious Paul because he was not up to the last doctrine of the nucleated cell, or did not read his Hippocrates by the blaze of paraffine; a man greedy of all knowledge, and welcoming it from all comers, but who, at the end of a long life of toil and thought, gave it as his conviction that one of the best helps to true education, one of the best counteractives to the necessary mischiefs of mere scientific teaching and information, was to be found in getting the young to teach themselves some one of the natural sciences, and singling out ornithology as one of the readiest and most delightful for such a life as his.

and boy are there-he, the self of each, was elsewhere (for I differ from Professor Ferrier in thinking that the dog has the reflex ego, and is a very knowing being). I noticed that anything they really knew roused them somewhat; what they had merely to transmit or pass along, as if they were a tube through which the master blew the pea of knowledge into our faces, was performed as stolidly as if they were nothing but a tube.

as such amid our rapturous applause. I then red Dougal what cutlery was; but from the ventured to ask the master to ask small and sudden erubescence of his pallid, ill-fed cheek, and the alarming brightness of his eyes, I twigged at once that he didn't himself know what it meant.

and was not surprised to find that not one of So I put the question myself, them, from Dougal up to a young strapping shepherd of eighteen, knew what it was!

was, and was answered; it was then pointed At last the teacher asked where Sheffield to by the dux, as a dot on a skeleton map. And now came a flourish. "What is Sheffield till he came to a sort of sprouting "Dougal famous for?" Blank stupor, hopeless vacuity, Cratur"-almost as wee, and as gleg, and as I end these intentionally irregular remarks terrier, whom I saw at that moment through tousy about the head as my own Kintail by a story. Some years ago I was in one of the open door careering after a hopeless rabbit, the wildest recesses of the Perthshire High- with much benefit to his muscles and his wind lands. It was in autumn, and the little school, who was trembling with keenness. supported mainly by the chief, who dwelt all shouted out something which was liker "cutHe the year round in the midst of his own people,lery" than anything else, and was received was to be examined by the minister, whose native tongue, like that of his flock, was Gaelic, and who was as awkward and ineffectual, and sometimes as unconsciously indecorous, in his English, as a cockney is in his kilt. It was a great occasion: the keen-eyed, firm-limbed, brown-cheeked little fellows were all in a buzz of excitement as we came in, and before the examination began every eye was looking at us strangers as a dog looks at his game, or when seeking it; they knew everything we had on, everything that could be known through their senses. I never felt myself so studied and scrutinized before. any one could have examined them upon what If they thus mastered, Sir Charles Trevelyan and John Mill would have come away astonished, and, I trust, humble. Well, then, the work of the day began; the mill was set a-going, and what a change! In an instant their eyes were like the windows of a house with the blinds down; no one was looking out; everything blank; their very features changed their jaws fell, their cheeks flattened, they drooped and looked ill at ease-stupid, drowsy, sulky and getting them to speak or think, or in any way to energize, was like trying to get any one to come to the window at three of a summer morning, when, if they do come, they are half awake, rubbing their eyes and growling. So with my little Celts. They were like an idle and half-asleep collie by the fireside, as contrasted with the collie on the hill and in the joy of work; the form of dog

making knives, and scissors, and razors, and I told them that Sheffield was famous for that cutlery meant the manufacture of anyall up, and eagerness, and nous, and brains thing that cuts. Presto! and the blinds were at the window. cliffe, with "Rodgers and Sons, Sheffield," on happened to have a Wharnthe blade. sented it to the enraptured Dougal. Would I sent it round, and finally prethere, know that knife again when they saw not each one of those boys, the very boobiest it, and be able to pass a creditable competitive examination on all its ins and outs? and wouldn't they remember "cutlery" for a day or two? minister performed an oration of much ambiWell, the examination over, the tion and difficulty to himself and to us, upon the general question, and a great many other questions, into which his Gaelic subtlety fitted like the mists into the hollows of Ben-a-Houlich, with, it must be allowed, a somewhat similar tendency to confuse and conceal what was beneath; and he concluded with thanking the chief, as he well might, for his generous sup

port of "this aixlent CEMETERY of ædication." | is the Maker and Governor, not only of the Cemetery indeed! The blind leading the objects, but of the subjects of itself, that knowblind, with the ancient result: the dead bury-ledge is the mother of virtue. ing their dead.

Now, not greater is the change we made from that low, small, stifling, gloomy, mephitic room, into the glorious open air, the loch lying asleep in the sun, and telling over again on its placid face, as in a dream, every hill and cloud, and birch and pine, and passing bird and cradled boat; the black Wood of Rannoch standing "in the midst of its own darkness," frowning out upon us like the past disturbed, and far off in the clear ether, as in another and a better world, the dim shepherds of Etive pointing, like ghosts at noonday, to the weird shadows of Glencoe ;-not greater was this change than is that from the dingy, oppressive, weary "cemetery" of mere word-knowledge to the open air, the light and liberty, the divine infinity and richness of nature and her teaching.

We cannot change our time, nor would we if we could. It is God's time as well as ours. And our time is emphatically that for achieving and recording and teaching man's dominion over and insight into matter and its forces his subduing the earth; but let us turn now and then from our necessary and honest toil in this neo-Platonic cavern where we win gold and renown, and where we often are obliged to stand in our own light, and watch our own shadows as they glide, huge and mis-shapen, across the inner gloom; let us come out betimes with our gold, that we may spend it and get goods" for it, and when we can look forth on that ample world of daylight which we can never hope to overrun, and into that overarching heaven where, amid clouds and storms, lightning and sudden tempest, there are revealed to those who look for them lucid openings into the pure, deep empyas it were the very body of heaven in its clearness ;" and when, best of all, we may remember who it is who stretched out these heavens as a tent to dwell in, and on whose footstool we may kneel, and out of the depths of our heart cry aloud,

rean,

66

TE DEUM VENERAMUR, TE SANCTE PATER!

we shall return into our cave, and to our work, all the better of such a lesson, and of such a reasonable service, and dig none the worse.

Science which ends in itself, or still worse, returns upon its maker, and gets him to worship himself, is worse than none; it is only when it makes it more clear than before who

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But this is an

endless theme. My only aim in these desultory hints is to impress parents and teachers with the benefits of the study, the personal engagement-with their own hands and eyes, and legs and ears-in some form or another of natural history, by their children and pupils and themselves, as counteracting evil, and doing immediate and actual good. Even the immense activity in the post-office-stamp line of business among our youngsters has been of immense use in many ways, besides being a diversion and an interest. I myself came to the knowledge of Queensland, and a great deal more, through its blue twopenny.

If any one wishes to know how far wise and clever and patriotic men may occasionally go in the way of giving "your son" a stone for bread, and a serpent for a fish,-may get the nation's money for that which is not bread, and give their own labour for that which satisfies no one; industriously making sawdust into the shapes of bread, and chaff into the appearance of meal, and contriving, at wonderful expense of money and brains, to show what can be done in the way of feeding upon wind, let him take a turn through certain galleries of the Kensington Museum.

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Yesterday forenoon," writes a friend, "I went to South Kensington Museum. It is really an absurd collection. A great deal of valuable material and a great deal of perfect rubbish. The analyses are even worse than I was led to suppose. There is an ANALYSIS OF A MAN. First, a man contains so much water, and there you have the amount of water in a bottle; so much albumen, and there is the albumen; so much phosphate of lime, fat, hæmatin, fibrine, salt, &c. &c. Then in the next case so much carbon; so much phosphorus-a bottle with sticks of phosphorus; so much potassium, and there is a bottle with potassium, calcium, &c. They have not bottles of oxygen, hydrogen, chlorine, &c., but they have cubical pieces of wood on which is written the quantity of oxygen in the human body would occupy the space of 170 (e.g.) cubes of the size of this,' &c. &c." And so with analysis of bread, &c. &c. What earthly good can this do any one?

No wonder that the bewildered beings whom I have seen wandering through these rooms, yawned more frequently and more desperately than I ever observed even in church.

So then, cultivate observation, energy, handicraft, ingenuity, outness in boys, so as to give

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