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ing and Sun-setting. 2, 4
Correspondence of Eras 3
High Water at Outports. 5
Heights of High Water at
the London Docks
Occultations of Stars
Memoranda for 1881
Table of Duration
Moonlight

Notes for the Year
Eclipses, &c.

.

8,9

9

of

. 10

11

11

. 11

. 11

Illumin. Discs of Venus

and Mars

The Four Quarters of the

Year

12

Quarter Sessions
Dividend & Transfer Days 13
Holidays at Public Offices 13
Law Sittings, &c.

. 18

IRELAND.

Page
. 54

Page

LAW AND JUSTICE.
Courts of Law, England. 73

Scotland. 75
Ireland 76

Inns of Court

.76

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Coll. of Physical Science. 61
University Coll., London 61
University of Wales.
King's College, London
Queen's Coll. London.
Trinity College, London 62
Crystal Palace Sch. of Art 62
New College, London. 63
Manchester New College. 63
College of Preceptors. 63
Catholic Univ. Coll.
. 63
Owen Coll., Manchester. 63
Queen's Col., Birmingham 64
Queen's Coll., Liverpool. 64
St. David's College.
14-36
. 64
School of Mines, &c. . 64
Agricul. Coll.,Cirencester 64
Royal Veterinary College 64
Univ. Coll., Bristol. 64
Yorkshire Coll. of Science 65
Royal Ind. Eng. Coll.. 65,
Theological Colleges
Foundation Schools
Scottish Universities
Irish Universities

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77

Circuits of the Judges. .77
Lord Mayor & Aldermen
of London.
Central Criminal Court 77
Allowance to Witnesses. 77
Law and other Public
Offices

COMMERCE & TAXATION.

78

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MISCELLANEOUS IN-
FORMATION.

.84

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.39

66

39

ARMY AND NAVY.

The Ministry

39

British Army.

68

Government Offices.

39

East Indian Army

. 70

93

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Army Agents

. 71

House of Commons.

.45

Royal Navy.

Table of Expenses, In

71

Alphabetical List of Mem

Navy Agents

71

come, &c. . Table of the value of a

94

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94

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Lords Lieut. England.

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Royal Mil. Col.,Sandhurst 72
Royal Mil.Acad.Woolwich 72
R. Nav. Coll., Greenwich. 72
Royal Hibernian School. 72
Army Medical School . 72
Greenwich Hosp.& School 72
Chelsea Hosp. & Asylum 72

LONDON:

PRINTED FOR

Lease, per £100 clear
annual rental

Metropol. Water Comps. 94
Gas do.
Museums & other Public
Institutions.
Weights and Measures

95

...

95

96

OF STATIONERS,

AT THEIR HALL, LUDGATE HILL.

DOMINI

Price One Shilling; or, Four Shillings bound in cloth with the "Companion."

Thermometrical Register.

Each

THE Thermometrical Register, showing the highest and lowest temperatures of the corresponding month of the preceding year, has been resumed in the British Almanac Calendar at the request of numerous correspondents. These registers are copied from those made at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich. They show the highest and lowest ranges within each twenty-four hours, from self-registering thermometers. month is placed with its corresponding month, as affording the most ready and advantageous means of comparison, although by this arrangement the register of the last three months of 1878 follows the nine months of 1879, which are all that can be given up to the day of publication.

Equation of Time.

In this Almanac the calculations are all made for mean time (given by the clock), instead of apparent time (given by the sun-dial), which latter had been used up to the year 1833. It must be obvious that, for all practical purposes, mean time is the most useful: and to obtain it from apparent time, the columns in the Almanac headed "Equation of Time" should be used. The column "Equation of Time" ought, for example, to be consulted when persons are desirous of setting their clock by a sun-dial. When Clock after Sun is written above the number of minutes and seconds opposite to the day, then the clock ought to be set so much slower than the sun-dial, and the contrary. Moonlight.

The

THE "Moon's age" is set down in days and the nearest tenths of days from the time of change. Thus it is New Moon on the 11th of March at Oh. 47m. morning, and therefore at noon of that day she is 11h. 13m. old, which is set down as five-tenths. fraction of the day of course continues the same throughout the lunation. See also the table on page 10 showing the hours of darkness and duration of moonlight.

VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, or the declination of the magnetic or mariner's needle from the meridian or true north-and-south line at the undermentioned places in the United Kingdom, estimated for the year 1880.

N.B.-The variation is westerly, that is, the magnetic pole is west of the true north pole, and is found to be decreasing in the United Kingdom about 9' annually.

Scilly Islands, 20' 59; Falmouth, 20° 41'; Plymouth, 20° 15'; Portland, 19° 29'; Portsmouth, 18° 59'; Brighton, 18° 27'; Dover, 17° 52'; London, 18° 31'; Yarmouth, 18° 4; Sunderland, 20° 25; Edinburgh, 21° 52'; Glasgow, 22° 39'; Liverpool, 20° 49'; Pembroke, 21° 19'; Holyhead, 21° 44'; Dublin, 22° 46'; Belfast, 23° 4'; Galway, 24° 14'; Cork, 23° 21'.

AUXILIARY TABLE FOR FINDING THE TIME OF SUNRISING AND SETTING.

The time of Sunrise and Sunset in the British Almanac' is adapted to the parallel of latitude in which London is situate-viz., 51° 30', N.

THE table, pages 3-4, has been constructed to show the variations of time through the United Kingdom-namely, between the latitude of 58° and 50° 10' N. The times of sun-rising and sun-setting are computed for the instant that the sun's centre is even with the horizon of the sea. The number of minutes found in this table under the month-day, and in the required latitude, are to be applied to the time of sun-rising and setting found on that day in the Almanac; the result will be the time of his rising and setting at the place required.-Ex. At what time will the sun rise and set on May 20 at Edinburgh? The times of sunrise and sunset on that day in the Almanac are 4h. 2m. A.M., and 7h. 50m. P.M. In the table, in parallel of 56°, in which (p. 3) Edinburgh is found, and under May 21, are 23 minutes; which, subtracted from 4h. 2m., leaves 3h. 39m. for time of sunrise; and, added to 7h. 50m., gives 8h. 13m. for time of sun-setting. But at those places where instead of mean time at place* railway time is now used, which in Great Britain is Greenwich mean time, and in Ireland Dublin mean time, to the times of sun-rising and sun-setting, as deduced by the auxiliary table, the longitude in time must be applied thus :-For places in Great Britain whose longitude is west of Greenwich, to the time of sunrise or sunset add the longitude in time, and for places whose longitude is east of Greenwich, subtract the longitude in time, the result will be the railway or Greenwich time that the sun rises or sets. N.B.-Longitude in arc, indicated by the signs °" (degrees, minutes, and seconds) is converted into longitude in time by reckoning 360° 24 h., 15° 1 h., and 1° 4 m. Example:-On June 21st at Penzance, in latitude 50° 7' N. and longitude 5° 31' W., what will be the railway time that the sun rises and sets?

* See the above Explanatory Notice, Equation of Time.

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At London, or in lat. 51° 30', by Calendar, page 25.. 3 45
Cor. by Aux. Table, page 4, for lat. 50° 10'...add 8

Mean time at Penzance
Longitude in time.........

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Railway or Greenwich mean time

The places which follow the different parallels hereunder stated are situate within 15 miles of latitude, either north or south of it.

Lat. (N)

GREAT BRITAIN.

58° 0'-Dornoch, Tain, Dunrobin, Portenleik, Dunclaim.

57° 30'-Peterhead, Fraserburg, Banff, Elgin, Cromarty, Inverness, Applecross. 57° 0'-Aberdeen, Bervie, Braemar, Laggan, Corpach.

56° 30'-Forfar, Dundee, Perth, Comrie, Ardchattan.

56° 0'-Berwick, Haddington, Edinburgh, Linlithgow, Kinross, Stirling, Dumbarton,

Glasgow.

55° 30'-Embleton, Jedburgh, Selkirk, Sanquhar, Lanark, Irvine, Ayr.

55° 0'-Newcastle, Morpeth, Carlisle, Annan, Dumfries, New Galloway, Wigton. 54° 30'-Scarborough, Whitby, Hartlepool, Stockton, Richmond, Appleby, Cockermouth, Whitehaven, North part of Isle of Man.

54° 0'-New Malton, York, Aldborough, Clitheroe, Lancaster, Preston.

53° 30'-Grimsby, Kingston-upon-Hull, Pontefract, Manchester, Wigan, Liverpool, Beaumaris, Holyhead.

53° 0'-Lynn Regis, Boston, Lincoln, Nottingham, Derby, Stafford, Flint, Chester, Denbigh, Caernarvon, Harlech.

52° 30'-Birmingham, Yarmouth, Norwich, Thetford, Ely, Peterborough, Leicester, Coventry, Lichfield, Shrewsbury, Ludlow, Montgomery, Aberystwith. 52° 0'-Ipswich, Colchester, Cambridge, Hertford, Bedford, Buckingham, Oxford, Gloucester, Worcester, Hereford, Monmouth, Brecon, Carmarthen, Cardigan, St. David's.

51° 30'-LONDON, Ramsgate, Canterbury, Rochester, Chelmsford, Windsor, Wallingford, Marlborough, Malmesbury, Bath, Bristol, Newport, Cardiff, Llandaff, Pembroke. 51° 0'-Dover, Winchelsea, Brighton, Guildford, Chichester, Winchester, Portsmouth, Southampton, Salisbury, Shaftesbury, Wells, Ilchester, Taunton, Bridgewater, Minehead, Barnstaple.

50° 30'-Newport (I. W.), Poole, Weymouth, Exeter, Ashburton, Totnes, Plymouth, Tavistock, Launceston, Bodmin, Camelford, Padstow.

50° 10′-Truro, Falmouth, Helston, Penzance.

IRELAND.

55° 0'-Carrickfergus, Antrim, Coleraine, Londonderry, Lifford, St. Johnstown. 54" 30'-Belfast, Killyleagh, Downpatrick, Armagh, Charlemont, Dungannon, Augher, Donegal, Ballyshannon, Enniskillen, Sligo.

54° 0'-Carlingford, Newry, Dundalk, Drogheda, Kells, Cavan, Belturbet, Carrick, Boyle, Castlebar, Killala.

53° 30′-Dublin, Swords, Naas, Athboy, Mullingar, Philipstown, Kilbeggan, Athlone, Roscommon, Lanesboro', Tulsk, Tuam, Ballinrobe.

53° 0'-Wicklow, Blessington, Baltinglass, Carlow, Athy, Kildare, Portarlington, Maryborough, Ballinakill, Banagher, Galway, Ennis.

52° 30'-Newborough, Enniscorthy, Wexford, Kilkenny, Cullen, Clonmel, Cashel, Killmallock, Limerick, Askeaton. 52° 0'-Waterford, Dungarvon, Youghal, Tallow, Lismore, Rathcormack, Cork, Mallow, Killarney, Tralee, Ardfert, Dingle.

51° 30'-Kinsale, Bandon, Clonakilty, Baltimore.

LIST OF THE CORRESPONDENCE OF ERAS WITH THE YEAR 1880. [In those Bras which begin with the Christian year, the year alone is stated; in those which begin at a different season, the month in which the 1st of January, 1880, occurs is also given.] Correspondence Abbrewith 1880. 17th Thebet 5640 6593 .24th Cohiac 1596 Audynæus 2191 1249

Year of the World (Jewish account)

Julian Period

Dioclesian, or of Martyrs

Seleucides, or Grecian

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Persian Era of Yezdegird III. (Parsee account)

viations. A.M.

Jul. Per.
Ær. Diocl.

Er. Seleuc.

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18th Muharram 1297 Poos or Margaly

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The following List, showing the difference of Time, nearly, between London and the Outports of the United Kingdom, as well as a few foreign Ports, is derived from Local Tide Tables and the best books on Navigation.

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To find the time of High Water at the above Places, it will be necessary to add or subtract the numbers in the above Table, according to the directions stated, to of from the time of High Water at London, as given in the Calendar for the day required.

For example:-On the 2nd of January, the morning High Water at London Bridge is 4h. 40m.; the High Water at Dover Pier is 3h. 10m. earlier; subtract, according to the direction, 3h. 10m. from 4h. 40m., and the time of High Water at Dover Pier on that day will be found to be at 1h. 30m. in the morning.

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