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Destitution of the Clergy in Iceland; worse in Greenland 453
Bishop Andrew, Vicar of Skalholt, Coadjutor of Linkoping
Bishop Kampe at Odense, Roeskilde, Copenhagen, Maribo 468
List of the Regionary Bishops of Greenland..
470
List of the Regionary Bishops of the American Conti-
nent
List of the Bishops of Gardar: of Greenland and of the
American Continent together...
...
The Corterreals in Newfoundland and Labrador
Rediscovery by John Kolno ..
488
489
Columbus knew the Routes, to and fro, of the West Indies 501
Licenses granted to discover Land in the Atlantic.....
503
European Relics found by Columbus in Guadeloupe .
505
Did the Icelanders reveal the West Indies to Columbus?... 505
Sources of Columbus's Knowledge
507
Columbus vainly applies to Genoa..
508
Columbus deluded at the Court of Portugal, and rebuked
at those of England, France, etc.
509
Columbus at La Rabida....
510
Columbus favored by Cardinal de Mendoza..
Columbus at the Council of Salamanca.
511
512
Columbus encouraged by Perez, defeated again..
Columbus's Conditions accepted by Isabella...
513
514
The Discovery reported and celebrated in Rome
First Missionaries in the West Indies....
515
517
Announcement of "Beginnings of Christianity in Amer-
ica after the Discovery of Columbus".
APPENDIX OF DOCUMENTS.
DOCUMENT
PAGE
XVIII.
XIX.
XX.
St. Cormac's Distant Northern Voyage...... 519
Iceland or Thule known to the Ancients
Irish "Papas" in Iceland before the Scandi-
navians
519
521
XXI.
XXII.
XXIII.
XXIV.
522
Solinus and Dicuil knew Iceland to lie about
the Arctic Circle.....
Diploma of Lewis the Pious erecting Ham-
burg into an Archiepiscopal See, with St.
Ansgar, as First Metropolitan of all the
Northern Countries,—of Greenland ...... 522
Gregory IV. confirms the Act of Lewis the
Pious and appoints St. Ansgar his Dele-
gate in all the North,-in Greenland..... 525
Anastasius III. confirms the Archbishop of
Hamburg in his Jurisdiction over the
North, Greenland .....
527
XXV.
XXVI.
John X. confirms the Grants of Gregory
IV., etc.
Innocent II. restores to Hamburg the Pre-
eminence granted by Gregory IV., etc.,
over the Northern Countries,-Green-
land..
528
529
XXVII.
Emperor Frederic I. ratifies the Diploma of
Lewis the Pious....
530
XXVIII.
Greenland's and Iceland's Conversion cred-
ited to St. Ansgar.
531
XXIX. Greenland converted, ravaged, to be restored 531
XXX., a. Benedict IX. confirms to Adalbert, Arch-
bishop of Hamburg, his Rights over the
North....
533
XXX., b. Adalbert secured by Leo IX. in his Jurisdic-
tion over Greenland, etc. . . .
534
XXXI.
Ari Marson sails to Hvítramannaland or Ire-
land the Great...
535
Iceland ...
XXXII., a. Björn Asbrandson sails to the Southwest from
XXXII., b. Björn found in Ireland the Great by Gudleif,
who had sailed thither from Ireland...... 536
XXXIII.
Information from Esquimaux about Ireland
the Great....
XXXIV., a. Location of Helluland, Markland, Vinland,
and Ireland the Great...
XXXIV., b. Location of Atlantic Ocean, Vinland, Mark-
land, Deserts, Greenland..
..
XXXIV., c. European Peace- and War-Signals in An-
cient America ...
538
539
.... 539
XXXIV., d. Leif Ericsson discovers the American Con-
XXXVII., a. No Taxes but St. Peter's Pence from the
XXXVII., b. Innocent III. orders the Collection of St.
Peter's Pence in the Province of Dront-
heim ....
XXXVII., c. One-Twentieth of Church Revenues granted
to Duke Skulo for transporting Cru-
saders; Dispensations to Crusaders..... 544
XXXVII., d. John XXI. directs the Appointment of Sub-
Collectors for Greenland..
XXXVII., e. Sub-Collectors for the other Dioceses of the
XXXVII., f. St. Peter's Pence paid in White Meats and
Fish in Parts of Norway devoid of
Money ...
544
545
546
XXXVII., g. Distances cause Tithes to be postponed..... 546
XXXVII., h. The Clergy of Gardar and Neighboring
Islands unable to pay the Tithes in Due
Time.
XXXVII., i. Tithes of Greenland paid in Nature to be
547
sold for Gold or Silver....
548
XXXVIII., a. Pontifical Collectors appointed for Scan-
dinavia.....
549
given to King Magnus.
of Drontheim .....
XXXVIII., b. One-half of the Norwegian Tithes to be
XXXVIII., c. Other Dues to be collected in the Province
XXXVIII., d. St. Peter's Pence ordered to be collected.... 553
XXXVIII., e. John XXII.'s Appeal for Assistance from
550
552
Greenland ...
554
XXXVIII., f. Faculties to appoint Sub-Collectors given
XXXIX.
to the Papal Envoys in Norway, John
de Serone and Bernard de Ortolis....... 555
Amounts of Tithes in the province of Dront-
XL.
XLI.
heim, Greenland.....
Amounts of St. Peter's Pence in the Prov-
ince of Drontheim,-Greenland..
Exchanges of Norwegian Money for South-
European.
556
557
558
XLII.
Gregory XI. imposes One Year's Tithes,-
also on the Diocese of Gardar.....
559
XLIII., a, b. Pontifical Collectors appointed for Dront-
heim. . . and Gardar.....
563
XLIV.
Hymn of a Pioneer Greenlander...
564
XLV.
XLVI.
XLVII.
Leif Ericsson sent to convert Greenland.... 565
Converted Northmen relapsing into Former
LI.
LII.
heim.
Right of St. Ansgar to appoint Bishops.... 568
Faculty granted to Adalbert of Hamburg
to appoint Bishops in all the North,-
Greenland
Bishop Eric Gnupson sails for Vinland
Zeno Relation of Northern Voyages
567
569
LIII.
570
LIV.
LV., a. Adam of Bremen mentions Vinland...
Innocent III. confirms the Authority of the
Archbishop of Drontheim..