that they should not be liable to the penalties of the ftatutes Ann. C... of Provisors and Præmunire. The truce of commerce between England and the Duke Decemb. of Burgundy's Dominions, is prolonged for one year. Queen Margaret having obtained of King Lewis an aid 1463. of five hundred men, comes to Scotland, and from thence Reg. 3. attempts to land near Newcastle; but fhe is forced to retire with precipitation, and a tempeft arifing, the narrowly efcapes to Berwick: Her fleet and army being driven on the coaft near Banburgh Castle, they burn their fhips, and ef cape to Lindisfarn Ifland; where being affaulted by the Baftard Ogle, many are flain, and about 400 taken prifoners. Soon after, Queen Margaret, with her husband King Henry, enters England, with a body of Scots, and having taken and garrisoned Banburgh Caftle, advances into the Bifhopric of Durham, where the is joined by the Duke of Somerfet, Sir Ralph Percy, &c. King Edward hearing of this invafion, prepares both by April. fea and land to oppose his enemies, and then comes to York. He difpatches the Lord Montacute into Northumberland to May. raife the Militia; and, after his coming to York, fends a great part of his army to the faid Lord; who meeting, on Hegeley-more, a detachment commanded by the Lords Hun- May 15. gerford and Roos, and Sir Ralph Percy, put them to rout, and Percy is flain. Incouraged with this fuccefs, Montacute advances to Lyvel's plain in Hexhamshire, where Henry's army lay intrenched, and attacking them in their lines, obtains a compleat victory. Henry Beaufort Duke of Somerset, the Lords Roos, Hungerford, and Molyns are taken prifoners; but Henry, Margaret, and Prince Edward escape into Scotland. The Duke of Somerset is beheaded at Hexham; the other Lords and Knights are executed at Durham; and 25 others at York. King Edward, who was advanced as far as Durham, returns back to York; having fent Richard Earl of Warwick, and the Lord Montacute, to recover Alnwick, Dunftanburgh, and Banburgh, which they do with ease. Information being given to King Edward, that preparations were making in France, to fupport the interefts of Henry and Margaret, he fends for the Earl of VVarwick, and leaves the Marquifs of Montacute in the North, as Governor of the northern marches. A Parliament meets at Westminster, which grants the April 29. King B 2 Ann. C. 1464. Reg. 4. King 37,000l. to be levied in the Counties, Cities, and King Edward makes truces with France, with the Duke Henry not being allowed to remain in Scotland after the truce, and fancying he could be concealed in England, comes to Lancashire; but he is apprehended at WaddingtonHall, by Sir James Harrington, and being brought to London, is committed to the Tower. Queen Margaret retires to France, with the Prince her fon And Edmund Duke of Somerset, and the Duke of Exeter withdraw into the Low-Countries, where they lived in a most wretched and poor condition. King Edward iffues out a proclamation, offering a pardon to all the Lancaftrians, that would come and fubmit to him And of fuch as refused to fubmit he confifcates the eftates, beftowing them upon thofe that had ferved him. He alfo makes himfelf very popular. The Earl of Warwick is fent Ambaffador to France, to demand in marriage for King Edward, Bona of Savoy, fifter to the Queen of France; and the marriage is accordingly concluded. But King Edward renders all these Negotiations ineffectual, by falling in love with Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Richard Widville, Baron Rivers, and widow of Sir John May 1. Grey of Groby, whom he marries privately at Grafton. June 3. 1465. Jan. 26. Honours and favours are heaped upon the Widville family, at which the reft of the Nobility are highly disgusted. The Earl of Warwick, in particular, returns to England, with a heart full of hatred and revenge, but however conceals his fentiments, till a proper opportunity. The Parliament, after feveral prorogations, meets again at Westminster; and grants the King, for life, tunnage and poundage; of every English Merchant, for every fack of wool, 11. 13s 4d; of every 240 wool-fells, the fame ; and of every laft of hides, 3 l. 6's. 8 d. And of MerchantStrangers, for every fack of wool, and every 240 woolReg. 5. fells, 3. 6 s. 8 d; and of every last of hides, 31. 135. 4 d. The league of the Public Good is formed in France against Lewis XI. The truce between England and Scotland is prolonged till Oober 31, 1519. 4 Queen Queen Elizabeth is crowned at Westminster. Ann. C. The Duke of Bretagne and Earl of Charolais endeavour May 26. to conclude an Alliance with King Edward. Elizabeth, the King's eldest daughter, is born. 1466. King Edward keeps fair with the King of France, and Feb. 11. the Dukes of Berry and Bretagne; and concludes a fhort Reg. 6. truce with Bretagne, and another with France: As alío Apr. 30. an Alliance with the King of Denmark. June 7. A marriage is fet on foot between the Earl of Charolois and Margaret King Edward's fifter; and a treaty of per- Oct. 23. fonal Alliance and Friendship is figned between the faid Earl and King Edward: Who also makes an Alliance with the King of Caftile. King Edward being courted by the King of France, and 1467. the Duke of Burgundy, has feveral Negotiations with thofe Feb. &c... two Princes. Reg. 7. A Parliament meets at Westminster, wherein the King re- June 3. fumes all the grants he had made during his Reign. Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, dies, and is fuc- July 15. Iceeded by his fon Charles Earl of Charolais, who' ratifies his Alliance with King Edward. The Queen's relations are loaded with honours and preferments, whilft the Earl of Warwick and his Friends are neglected. Richard, Earl Rivers, the Queen's father, being made Lord-Treasurer, and High-Conftable, the Earl of Warwick withdraws from Court, full of refentment; and going to France fecures King Lewis's protection, and concerts measures with him. The Parliament meeting again, according to its adjourn- 1468. ment, at Westminster, grants the King two tenths, and Reg. 8. two fifteenths. May 12. After feveral Negotiations, the marriage between the Princess Margaret and the Duke of Burgundy is concluded, and fhe is conducted to Bruges, where the marriage was June. foon after folemnized. The truce of commerce between England and the Duke of Burgundy's Dominions is prolonged for 30 years. July 9. King Edward concludes a treaty with the Duke of Bre- Auguft. tagne (who was hard preffed by the King of France) whereby he engages to fend him an aid of 3000 archers. And they depart, not long after, under the command of An-Oober. thony Widville, Lord Scales. Lewis XI, having concluded a treaty with the Duke of Burgundy, goes and confers with him; but the Duke difcovering his infincerity, makes him prifoner; and Lewis is forced B 3 Ann. C. forced to fubmit to hard terms, in order to regain his liberty. Oa. 20. 1469. Reg. 9. Aug. 17. King Edward renews the ancient Alliance between England and Arragon; and gives a licence for transporting some Cotefwold sheep to Spain, which proves prejudicial to the English wool-trade. Richard Nevil, Earl of Warwick, having formed the defign of endeavouring to dethrone King Edward, draws into his plot his brothers, John, Marquifs of Montacute, and George, Archbishop of York; as alfo George, Duke of Clarence, the King's brother, to whom he gives his eldest daughter, Ifabella, in marriage. The Earl and Duke go to Calais, where the marriage is folemnized. King Edward, ignorant of the Earl of Warwick's defigns, makes him Jufticiary and Chamberlain of SouthWales, &c. By the fecret practices of the Marquifs of Montacute and Archbishop of York, an infurrection happens in Yorkshire; but it is fuppreffed by the Marquifs of Montacute, who caufes their leader, Robert Huldern, to be beheaded. The Malecontents, not difcouraged at this, take up arms again, under the command of Henry, fon of the Lord FitzHugh, Sir Henry Nevil, the Lord Latimer's fon, and Sir John Coniers, and not being able to make themselves masters of York, march towards London. King Edward, upon the receipt of this news, orders William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke, to raife an army in Wales; who having drawn together about 7000 men, and being joined by the Lord Strafford with 800 archers, they go in queft of the enemy. The Lord Stafford and Sir Richard Herbert go with a detachment of 2000 horfe to view the enemy, and falling upon their rear, are defeated. After this fmall advantage, the feditious, afraid of the King's increafing forces, refolve to retire to Warwick, and to wait for affiftance from the Earl, who was lately come over from Calais, and was raifing forces; but being met by the July 26. Earl of Pembroke, near Banbury, both armies come to an engagement, wherein the Earl of Pembroke is defeated; and being taken prifoner, is beheaded with his brothers, in revenge for the death of Sir Henry Nevil,, who was flain the day before. Some feditious in Northamptonshire affemble in great numbers, and chufing one Robert Hilliard, or Robin of Riddifdale, for their leader, go and feize Richard, Earl of Rivers, Rivers, and his fon, Sir John Widville, at Grafton, and be- Ann. C. head them, without any form of law. The Lord Stafford having deferted the Earl of Pembroke the night before the battle of Banbury, on account of a quarrel between them about a ftrumpet, the King orders him to be beheaded. Aug. 17. Lewis XI. fends Ambaffadors to England, under pretence 1470. of renewing the truce. Reg. 10. John Tiptoft, Earl of Worcester, is made High-Conftable Mar. 14. of England, in the Earl of Rivers's room; and, foon after, Lieutenant of Ireland. The Earl of Warwick and Duke of Clarence declare for March. the Rebels, and levy troops; the King, on his part, raifes alfo forces, and advances- againft his enemies, who flood ready for battle, at Wolney in Warwickshire. In the mean time, an accommodation being fet on foot, the King, who was extremely defirous of it, and did not doubt of the fuccefs, neglects to fecure his camp; of ' which the Earl of Warwick being informed, he attacks the King, unawares, in the night, and taking him prifoner, caufes him to be conducted to Warwick, and then to Middleham Caftle, where he is put under the cuftody of George Nevil, Archbishop of York. After which the Malecontents difband most of their forces. The King having obtained leave from the Archbishop to hunt now and then in Middleham-Park with a small guard, finds means to escape; and repairing to York, where he stays but two days, he takes a compafs through Lancashire, and fo comes to London. The Earl of Warwick re-affembles his difperfed troops, and the King does the fame. Through the perfuafions of fome peaceable Lords, a Conference is held at Westminster, between the King and the Chiefs of the oppofite party; but nothing being done, the King retires to Canterbury, and the Malecontents to Iarwick, Sir Robert Wells having levied troops in Lincolnshire for the Earl of Warwick, the King fends for his father, Richard, Lord Wells, to Court, and commands him, upon pain of death, to order his fon to difmifs his troops; but the fon refufing, the King orders the Lord Wells (with Sir Thomas Dimock) to be beheaded. Incensed at this, Sir Robert Wells waits, near Stamford, May. for the King's coming, when he might have eafily retired; and the two armies coming there to an engagement, the B 4 King |