A body of statutes was given shortly after the foundation, by which the society is made to consist of a president, fifty fellows and scholars, three chaplains, three clerks and six choristers. The expense of maintenance was, however, found so great that the chaplains, clerks, and choristers, were shortly discontinued. The statutes nearly resemble in form those of New College, and are believed to have been drawn by Sir William Cordall, master of the Rolls, who was appointed by the founder visitor for life.

The benefactors to this college are numerous, and many of the contributions are on an extensive scale. Among the friends of sq liberal an endowment it is pleasing to find the names of the fol lowing citizens of London:-Sir Robert Ducie, Hugh Henley, Walter Fish, George Palm, Jeffry Elwes, and George Benson, Of the other benefactors the chief are Archbishop Laud. Dr. Juxon, Archbishop of Canterbury, who gave 70001. Sir William Paddy, president of the college of physicians, by whom the present choir was founded. Dr. Rawlinson, and Dr. Holmes, president of St. John's, from whose generosity, aided by that of his lady, the society received the sum of 15,0001.

The buildings appertaining to the institution of Archbishop Chichele formed the first residence of Sir Thomas White's society. But extensive improvements were speedily effected, and the college now possesses two fine quadrangles, with all accustomed collegiate elevations.

St. John's College is situate near the northern entrance to the city, and has, in front, a wide terrace and a row of lofty elms. The face towards the street is regular in its features, and interesting in general character. Over the chief entrance is a square tower, with a canopied niche on each side of a bay window. In a niche richly canopied in the upper division is a statue of St. Bernard. An embattled parapet is constructed at the top.

The first quadrangle contains the hall and chapel, the president's lodgings, and chambers for the fellows and scholars. The buildings intended for the use of the society are low, but commodious.

The

The character of the whole is Gothic, with an embattled parapet ranging along the top; but, in too many instances, convenience has been suffered to prevail over taste, and sashes have been substituted for the original stone compartments and venerable casements. The second quadrangle is the most superb part of the structure. This court (with the exception of the south side, in which is the library,) was erected at the entire expense of Archbishop Land, from a design by Inigo Jones. The whole display is rich and captivating; but, when deliberately examined, the building is not calculated to reflect unmixed credit on the memory of the architect. Inigo Jones continually laboured to elicit effect, but he too often paid little attention to the means by which that result was produced. No man of his era was so great a master of the perspective of architecture; but many of his buildings rather dazzle the eye than satisfy the judgment, when closely inspected. The ranges of this quadrangle are low, in observance of the original mode of collegiate construction. The apartments on the east and west are built over cloisters, supported by eight pillars, and ornamented with busts of the Cardinal and Christian virtues. The general character of the buildings, independent of their cloisters, gateways, and numerous extrinsic ornaments, is Gothic; and an embattled parapet is formed along the top of the whole court. But, in the centre of the east and west divisions, is a splendid gateway, composed of the three Greek orders. On a line with the cloisters are double columns of the Doric. After various sculptured embellishments, double Ionic columns then take place, and support a semicircular pediment. On the face of the one gateway is a brass statue of Charles I. * and on the other a statue, likewise cast in brass, of his queen. Both are placed between columns of the Corinthian order.

The range of structure which looks towards the gardens, and

which

King Charles contributed 200 tons of timber, from the forests of Shotever and Stow, towards the buildings of this court. The statues were cast by Fanelli of Florence, and were taken down and secreted during the civil

war,

which forms a second front of the eastern division of this quadrangle, is the most interesting and unobjectionable. This consists of five bay windows of delicate workmanship, supported by brackets of sculptured stone. At each termination is a pediment of airy proportions, and a battlement ranges along the intermediate space. The gardens spread at the base of this fine elevation are very extensive, and the manner in which they are disposed is an honour to the recent period in which the arrangement took place. Mason himself (to whom the picturesque in gardening is so much indebted) might have walked through these lovely recesses without finding subject for critical animadversion.

The Hall, situate on the north side of the first quadrangle, is the original refectory of the institution dedicated to St. Bernard, though it has undergone many necessary and important alterations. It is now a fine and well-proportioned room, the sides wainscotted, and the roof arched and ornamented with much chasteness of design. The screen is of Portland stone, and is eminently handsome. The walls are adorned by portraits of the founder, Archbishops Laud, and Juxon, Sir William Paddy, and other eminent men connected with the college; and likewise, by a a whole length of his present Majesty, painted by Ramsay.

The Library runs through the upper story of the cast and south sides of the second quadrangle, and was constructed at two distinct times. The part on the south was completed towards the end of the 16th century by benefactions from the company of Merchant Taylors, aided by the liberality of some members of the college. The eastern division was formed by Archbishop Laud, and is an extensive and fine apartment. The book-cases are highly embellished, and are skilfully contrived to answer the purpose of a gallery. The books thus rendered easy of approach by the judicious mode of arrangement are very numerous, and of the most valuable description. Among them is Archbishop Laud's collection of manuscripts. The following interesting productions of art, besides some natural curiosities, add

to

to the attraction of this library: a fine miniature of Charles I. some paintings on copper of the apostles, supposed by Carlo Dolci. A curious figure of St. John, stained in scagliola, by Lambert Gorius, and a brass Eagle, executed with very superior skill and spirit, by Mr. Snetzler of Oxford. In this room Laud had the honour to entertain King Charles I. his queen, the Prince Elector, and many of the courtiers, în 1636. "I thank God," says the Archbishop, "I had the happiness that all things were in verie good order, and that no man went out of the gates, courtier or other, but contented." A play was afterwards presented in the hall, and the college is reported by Wood to have been, at that time," so well furnished as that they did not borrow any one actor from any college in the University."

The chief parts of the Chapel are the same which appertained to the original institution. Considerable improvements were made by Sir Thomas White, and the general character of the interior has been altered at a more recent period. The Corinthian order now prevails throughout. Over the communion table is a fine piece of tapestry, after Titian, representing Our Saviour, with the Disciples, at Emmaus. The figures are said to be portraits of the Pope, the kings of France and Spain, and Titian. Over the handsome Corinthian screen is placed a very good organ.

A smaller chapel, on the north side of the ancient building, was erected in 1662. The roof is finely enriched in the Gothic manner, and ornamented with the arms of Archbishop Laud.

Within the walls are deposited the remains of the founder, of Archbishop Laud, (first interred at Allhallows, Barking, near the Tower of London) and of Archbishop Juxon, together with many other eminent persons connected with St. John's. On the north wall is a marble urn, which contains the heart of the benevolent, but eccentric, Dr. Rawlinson, who contributed largely to the prosperity of the college. The remainder of his body was interred in the church of St. Giles, Oxford.

In the common room, a handsome building on the north of the hall, is a painting of St. John the Baptist, by Titian.

But splendid buildings, rare books, and exquisite sculpture, form, in their most stupendous assemblage, only a secondary cause of exultation. The distinguished scholars, and ornamental members of the more active walks of society, raised by a collegiate institution, are the subjects of its rational pride. The following limited selection of names connected with this house will be sufficient to prove that the worthy founder is entitled to the gratitude of posterity :-Archbishop Laud, the story of whose eventful life is so well known. He was successively scholar, fellow, grammar-lecturer, divinity lecturer, and president of St. John's. Dr. Juxon, Archbishop of Canterbury, who attended to the scaffold his ill-fated master, Charles I. Gregory Martin, the principal translator of the Rhemish Testament. Shirley, the dramatist. Sir Bulstrode Whitelocke, the very able annalist of his own disastrous era. Although Whitelocke proved, on several occasions, that his political maxims were of a ductile texture, the principle of gratitude was active in his bosom. He had received favours while at college from Archbishop Laud, and he resolutely refused to assist in the prosecution of his former friend. Ambrose Bonwicke, one of the most erudite masters of Merchant Taylor's School. Dr. Ducarel, an antiquary of eminent attainments. Dr. John Monro, the physician. Whalley the commen tator on Ben Jonson, and Dean Tucker.

The livings possessed by this college are numerous. The present members are a president, fifty fellows, two chaplains, and a choir. Thirty-seven of the fellows are chosen from Merchant Taylor's School.

TRINITY COLLEGE.

The charter for founding this college was obtained from Philip and Mary, in the year 1554, by Sir Thomas Pope. The founder

On a foundation by Mrs. Maye, since lost.

was