THE AMERICANA A Universal Reference Library COMPRISING THE ARTS AND SCIENCES, EDITOR-IN-CHIEF FREDERICK CONVERSE BEACH MANAGING EDITOR GEORGE EDWIN RINES ASSISTED BY MORE THAN TWO THOUSAND OF THE MOST EMINENT SCHOLARS AND AUTHORITIES IN AMERICA AND EUROPE ILLUSTRATED SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN COMPILING DEPARTMENT 225 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK DAVID STARR JORDAN, Ph.D., LL.D. President of Leland Stanford Jr. University ENGLISH LITERATURE WILLIAM P. TRENT, A.M., LL.D. Professor of English Literature, Columbia University WILLIAM T. BREWSTER, A.M. Professor of English, Columbia University AMERICAN LITERATURE EDWARD EVERETT HALE, S.T.D., LL.D. Author of "The Man Without a Country" CLASSICAL LITERATURE JAMES H. KIRKLAND, Ph.D., LL.D. Chancellor of Vanderbilt University ARCHITECTURE AND THE FINE ARTS RUSSELL STURGIS, F.A.I.A. REV. P. A. HALPIN Saint Angela's College, New Rochelle, N. Y. SMITH ELY JELLIFFE, M.D., Ph.D. ELECTRICITY WILLIAM MAVER, JR., C.E. Consulting Electrical Engineer, New York ENGINEERING AND MACHINERY WILLIAM MOREY, JR., C.E. Consulting Civil and Mechanical Engineer New York STEEL ALBERT SAUVEUR, S.B. Professor of Metallurgy, Harvard University JUDAISM ABRAM S. ISAACS, A.M., Ph.D. Professor of Semitic Languages, New York University HISTORY OF THE NATIONS UNITED STATES ANDREW C. MCLAUGHLIN, A.M. Editor of "American Historical Review" CANADA GEORGE MCKINNON WRONG, A.M. Professor of History, University of Toronto CHARLES WILLIAM COLBY, A.M., Ph.D. Professor of History, McGill University MEXICO ELISHA HOLLINGSWORTH TALBOT Author "Commercial and Industrial Mexico" GREAT BRITAIN HALFORD JOHN MACKINDER, M.A. Director of the School of Economics and Political Science in the University of London GERMANY HUGO MÜNSTERBURG, Ph.D., LL.D. Professor of Psychology, Harvard University FRANCE HON. HILAIRE BELLOC M.P. for Salford (Eng.); Author of "Danton," "Robespierre," "Paris," etc. ITALY J. S. KENNARD, Litt.D., D.C.L., L.H.D. Author of "Italian Romance Writers," ""StudiDanteschi," "Romanzi e Romanzieri Italiani," "Les Femme dans le Roman Italien," "The Fallen God," etc. JAPAN GEORGE TRUMBULL LADD, D.D., LL.D. Emeritus Professor of Philosophy, Yale University; Lecturer on Philosophy, Western Reserve University; Lecturer on Education in the universities of Japan. AUSTRALIA HON. JOHN GREELEY JENKINS Premier of South Australia 1901-5; AgentGeneral in London for South Australia |