Duke of Cumberland-the coarse heavy mouth and double chin are characteristic-mounted on a black charger, surveys 'the routed rebel army at Culloden; ' a dying Highlander, with a broken sword in his hand, lies at the Butcher's' feet. There is a prospect of y town of Inverness' at the era of the rebellion, when the south bank of the river only appears to have been built upon; a representation of the march of the Guards towards Scotland in the year 1745, and humbly dedicated by William Hogarth to his Majesty the King of Prussia, an encourager of arts and sciences!' The Traytor's Coat of Arms,' supported by a Jesuit and a Highlander, and bearing the inscription, 'Pour la Veuve et l'Orphelin,'—a somewhat savage jest. The prints devoted to 'the rebel lords' are numerous. Westminster Hall on the trial of Simon Lord Lovat-original sketches made by Hogarth at the trial, and long in Horace Walpole's possession,-Hogarth's famous caricature of the old Fox himself, 'drawn from the life, and etched in aquafortis,' are among the more curious of these. In 'a perspective view of Tower-hill,' which represents a vast open space, 'the Governor of ye Tower' is delivering the prisoners-Lords Kilmarnock and Balmerino-to the Sheriffs of London at the barrier for execution. A Dutch print of the execution of the rebel Lords on Great Tower-hill,' closes the series. An immense assemblage surrounds the scaffold, and crowds the house-tops. Every available spot is occupied. The vast mass is kept in order by guards and soldiers dressed in the old-fashioned military costume which we see in

contemporary prints of Dettingen and Culloden. The scaffold is of wood, fenced by a low railing; two empty coffins are placed upon it; the executioner is in the act of striking the blow. This doggrel is written below :—

At this Sad Scene which Blood must deeply stain,
Scarce can the Pitying Eye the Tear restrain;
But the same instant call to Mental Sight
These Heroes bleeding in their Country's Right,—
Intrepid Gardiner, and each brave Monro,

We check the Grief, and think the Axe too slow :
One Briton, who for sacred freedom falls,

For a whole Hetacomb of Rebels calls.

William Boyd, Earl of Kilmarnock, joined Prince Charles after the battle of Preston. His accession occasioned much surprise at the time, for he had been bred in the principles of the Revolution. He had married Lady Ann Livingstone, however (through whom his son subsequently succeeded to the Earldom of Erroll), and it is not improbable that her influence had attached him to a cause to which her family had adhered with 'constant and singular fidelity.' * To her

* James Foster, however, in his Account of the Behaviour of the late Earl of Kilmarnock, says: And here I cannot help thinking myself bound, in justice to Lady Kilmarnock, to declare that he (Lord Kilmarnock) said to me, though she was bred in different sentiments, that he thought her more inclined to Whiggish than Jacobite principles. And the Rev. and Hon. Mr. Home and Mr. Ross, his lordship's solicitor, desired me to inform the world of another thing which he had expressly mentioned to them, viz., that, instead of exciting him to, she had dissuaded him from, entering into the late wicked and horrid rebellion.'

ladyship's well-timed hospitality, the Prince's victory at Falkirk has been sometimes ascribed. Sir Walter Scott observes:- General Hawley having felt the influence of the wit and gaiety of the Countess of Kilmarnock (whose husband was in the Prince's army), had been unable to resist her ladyship's invitation to Callander House, and he had resided there from the time of his arrival in Falkirk on the 16th, until the afternoon of the 17th of January, old style, with less attention to the army which he commanded than became an old soldier. In the meantime, rougher cheer was preparing for him than he probably experienced at Callander.' It is alleged, in Kay's Edinburgh Portraits, that it was on this occasion that Lord Kilmarnock first joined the Prince. On the 17th of January 1746, the day on which the battle of Falkirk was fought, General Hawley was entertained at dinner by the Earl and Countess of Kilmarnock, and the Earl, leaving the dining-room on some slight excuse, put on his military dress, and mounting his horse, left the Countess to do the honours of the table. He left Callander Wood by the White Yett, whence a gallop of a few hundred yards brought him to the battle-field.' This narrative, though curiously circumstantial, is inconsistent with the fact that immediately after the battle of Preston, Lord Kilmarnock was appointed to the command of a troop of horse in the rebel army.

Lord Kilmarnock was taken prisoner at Culloden, and was brought to the bar of the House of Lords, along with the Earl of Cromarty and Lord Balmerino, on a

A A

charge of high treason, in July 1746.* John Murray, of Broughton, Charles Edward's secretary, induced by promise of a free pardon, had made a full disclosure to the Government. He saved his life, but it was dearly bought. A well-known epigram embalms in appropriate language the fierce animosity with which the Jacobites continued to regard their old comrade :—

If heaven is pleased when sinners cease to sin,
If hell is pleased when sinners enter in,

If men are pleased at parting with a knave,

Then all are pleased,—for Murray's in his grave.† Murray's evidence was not required, however, till a later period; for the rebel lords pleaded guilty, and were, on the 30th of July, after a graceful and touching appeal to his peers from Lord Kilmarnock, sentenced to death.

Lord Kilmarnock, who is represented as a man of a mild and benevolent disposition, bore himself, during the period between his sentence and execution, with fortitude and apparent cheerfulness. Strenuous efforts were made to obtain a reprieve, and illustrious friends interested themselves in his behalf. Among these the

* Among the Kilmarnock Papers are the Great Chamberlain's (Lord Ancaster) tickets for the trial of Lord Lovat, and for the trial of the other lords, admitting to his own box. That for the lords simply bears the Chamberlain's coat of arms, his seal, and the motto, Loyalte me oblige; but Lord Lovat's is covered with elaborate devices-Cupids and Graces, War and the Arts, printed in red.

The name of Gilbert Burnet has sometimes been substituted for Murray's.

Duke of Hamilton was conspicuous. Several letters from Lord Kilmarnock to the Duke are among the Kilmarnock Papers. On Saturday, August 9, he writes from the Tower:- My Lord Duke,-Mr. Ross showed me this morning a letter from Lord Boyd, in which he tells me that he had applied to Lord Albemarle for leave to come up to see me before I suffered, but that it was refused him.* I approve much of your Grace's kind proposition of mentioning the refusal in the closet, and requesting that leave may still be granted; which will of consequence produce reprieve, and what may be the good effects of that, nobody knows.' And he concludes:

The freedom I take in making this proposal to your Grace, is a strong evidence of the great sense I have of the friendship you have shown me, and that I shall always remain, for what time I have to live, your Grace's most obliged and most humble servant, WILLIAM BOYD.' Whether the Duke had mentioned the matter in the closet does not appear; but a curious document which has been preserved shows that he was labouring zealously for his friend.

A pasteboard card-the eight of diamonds--has been split down the middle, and on the inner side of the back of the card, these words are written :

'Duke of Hamilton's compliments to the Countess of Yarmouth. He is very sorry he could not do himself the honour of waiting upon her ladyship this morning, as he intended. His Grace has only this moment come

Lord Boyd, the Earl of Kilmarnock's eldest son, held a commission in the royal army.