by others, and his time, i. 365; placed in the time of Pope Pius by the author of a poem against the Marcionites, iii. 293; how quoted, by Irenæus, i. 273, 274; Clement of Alexandria, 406; Tertullian, 434; Origen, 551; not a canonical book, though genuine, ii. 370, 375, 386; not received as of authority, by Athanasius, 400, 401, 402; by Prosper, iii. 21
Hermias, an early author, who wrote against Gentilism, i. 414 Hermogenes, a heretic, confuted by Theophilus, Bp of An- tioch, i. 383; the account of him from ancient authors, iv. 664; of his time and country, 663; his opinion con- cerning the eternity of matter, 665; he asserted one God, 666; some other of his opinions, 664, 666; set up no separate communion, 667; received both the Old and New Testament, 668; no account of his writings, ibid. Herod the Great, an Idumean, i. 9; and yet a Jew, 10, гor; how he obtained the kingdom of Judea, 10, 148; the manner of his death, 10, 230; was always a dependent tributary prince, 148 to 149; reduced to a more strict sub- jection to the Romans, 151; several of his cruel actions rehearsed, 180, 181; Augustus's jest upon him for killing his sons, 183, 184; who of his children survived him, 214; several opinions concerning the time of his death, i. 231 to 233
Herod Agrippa, his several preferments till he became king of all Judea, i. 14; a zealous Jew, ibid.; his remarkable death, 14 to 16; his children, 16; his letter to Caligula to dissuade him from erecting his statue at Jerusalem, 49, 61, 85; how ridiculed at Alexandria, 87, 88; impri- soned by order of Tiberius, 128; complains to Petronius of an injury done the Jews in Syria, 98; presents a gold chain at Jerusalem, 128; orders Nazarites to be shaved, 116
Herod Antipas, tetrarch of Galilee, in the time of John the Baptist, and our Saviour, i. 12; his marriage with He- rodias, ibid.; see also 212; banished by Caligula into Gaul, 13; was at Jerusalem at the time of our Saviour's crucifixion, 80
Herod king of Chalcis, married his niece Bernice, i. 16; see also 213, note; had the government of the temple, 18,
Herod, son of Herod the Great, by Mariamne the high priest's daughter, his history, and that he was otherwise called Philip, and was the first husband of Herodias, i. 212 Herodians, who they were, i. 70
Herodias, married Herod the tetrarch, i. 12; her character, 12, 13; her daughter demands John Baptist's head, 13; who was her first husband, 212, 213
Herwaert, (John Geo.) his interpretation of Luke ii. 2. i. 165 Hesychius, Bp in Egypt, his edition of the Old and New Tes- tament, ii. 111, 112, 113; mentioned again, 128 Heuman, (C. A.) his opinion concerning the bishopric and martyrdom of Hippolytus, i. 498; his edition of Lactan- tius commended, ii. 261, 266; his opinion concerning the Manichæism of Lactantius considered, 275; his re- marks upon a passage of Polycrates Bp of Ephesus, 555; quoted, ii. 258, 279, 362, 568; iii. 6, 195, 197, 214, 267, 424, 426, 431, 433; his remarks upon Pliny's letter concerning the Christians examined, iv. 19, 21; quoted and commended, 250
Hierax, a learned Christian of Egypt, reckoned a Manichee, ii. 153; but without reason, 153, 154; his eminence, 154, 155; his testimony to the scriptures, 155 Hierocles, who wrote against the Christians at the beginning of Dioclesian's persecution, iv. 112; an account of his work from Lactantius, 253 to 255; from Eusebius, 255, 256; he did not deny the truth of our Saviour's miracles, but set up Apollonius Tyanæus against him: be was well acquainted with the books of the Old and New Testament, and bears witness to their antiquity and genuineness, and mentions by name St. Peter and St. Paul, 254 to 258; see also 296, 297; guilty of great cruelties when he was
præfect at Alexandria, 256, 257; different from Hierocles a philosopher at Alexandria, in the fifth century, 257 Hierocles of Alexandria, his time, history, and works, with remarks, iv. 416, 417
High priests, did rend their clothes upon extraordinary occa- sions, 181; mentioned in the plural number, ibid.; their sacred vestment, by whom kept at several times, 81, 82; see also Vitellius; their succession preserved by Jo- sephus, 210
Hilary, deacon of Rome, his history, character, and princi- ples, ii. 520; whether author of a Commentary upon thirteen of St. Paul's epistles, ibid.
Hilary of Poictiers, his works and testimony to the scriptures, ii. 412, 413
Hillel and Shammai, their different opinions, i. 70 Himerius, sophist and professor of rhetoric at Athens, under whom Basil and Gregory Nazianzen studied, iv. 349, 350 Hippolytus, (Bp of Porto) probably author of The Treatise of the Universe, ascribed to Caius, and others, i. 489; his history and works, 495 to 497; what sort of a Bishop he was, and whether he was a martyr, 497, 498; wrote against the Valentinians, Marcionites, Nicolaitans, Noë- tians and all heretics, 495, 496; against the Noëtians, 581, 585, 586; did not receive the epistle to the Hebrews as Paul's, 497, 502; opinions of moderns concerning his re- maining works, 499, 500; his testimony to the scriptures, 501 to 503; though he wrote in Greek, he may be reck- oned among Latins, iii. 330; quoted, v. 402, note a HISTORY of the APOSTLES and EVANGELISTS, writers of the New Testament, iii. 138 to 475
Hody's (H.) opinion concerning the Hagiographa, ii. 543, 547; quoted, iii. 75, 79, 357, 360
Hogg's (Mr.) note concerning the Ophians, iv. 657 HOLY SPIRIT, meaning of it in the Scriptures, v. 215 to 217,
395 to 431, 493, 494. A Letter upon the Personality of the Spirit, v. 473, 474; see also the word Spirit Homousian, different sentiments concerning that word, ii. 76 Homousians, called heretics, iii. 63, 64; they persecuted the Arians, and others, ibid.
Honoratus, Augustine's friend, once a heathen, afterwards a Manichee, ii. 150, 159.
Hormista of Orosius, iv. 482
Hours of the day, computed in the gospel of John, as in the other gospels, in the Jewish manner, iii. 238; v. 482 to 484
Huber, (Z.) commended, i. 56
Huet, (P. D.) quoted, i. 403; his opinion concerning the design of Philostratus in writing the life of Apollonius of Tyana, iv. 263, 264
Hunt (Dr.) quoted, v. 413; his funeral sermon, 51; his life and character, 57 to 63
Hymns to the gods, were sometimes in prose, sometimes in iv. 23
Hymns, used in the church, afterwards laid aside, i. 628 Hypatia, her great merit, and the manner of her death, iv. 425, 426
Hypythians, said by Origen to use spurious writings, i. 559 Hyrcanus, high-priest and prince of Judea, i. 9; put to death by Herod, 180
Jackson, (J.) his opinion of the time of a work of Novatian, and of Sabellianism, examined, ii. 57 to 59; an answer to his remarks on the fifth volume of the former edition of this work, 131 to 135
Jamblichus, his time, and his life of Pythagoras, with re- marks, shewing that he did not aim to oppose Pythagoras to our Saviour, iv. 269, 270; another work of his, with remarks, 270, 271
JAMES, ST. Son of Zebedee, the first martyr for Christ among the apostles, beheaded by Herod Agrippa, fii. 213; said,
but without reason, to have planted the gospel in Spain, 214, note b
JAMES, (ST.) the son of Alpheus, his history from the New Testament, whereby it appears that he was an apostle, iii. 368 to 370; his history from ancient writers, 370 to 378; who he was, and his history from Jerom, ii. 559, 560; he was an apostle according to Epiphanins, 419; Augustine, 587; the son of Alpheus, consequently an apostle, in the Imperfect Work, iii. 66
Not esteemed to be an apostle by Eusebius, ii. 383; Cyril of Jerusalem, 410; and see the Synopsis, 405; The Constitutions, 438; but see 426, 436; Gregory Nyssen, 476; said to be one of Christ's seventy disciples in the Synopsis of Dorotheus, 88
He presided in the church of Jerusalem after the death of St. Stephen, iii. 369, 370, 372, 373; he presided in the council at Jerusalem, 370; his excellent character, 370; how he was the Lord's brother, 372, 373, 379 to 381; according to the Commentary upon St. Paul's thirteen epistles, ii. 521; according to Pelagius, 631; Theodoret, iii. 12; Oecumenius, 84; Theophylact, 87; why called the Less, iii. 383; called also the Just, 384; other marks of respect for him, ibid.
His martyrdom in the temple, with the manner and time of his death, iii. 374 to 379; thirty years after our Lord's ascension according to Bede, 79; the account of his death, 543; the paragraph concerning him in Josephus not genuine, 542, 543; see i. 45
HIS EPISTLE: Its genuineness, iii. 385, 386; when written, 386, 387; to whom, 84, 386 to 388
It seems to be referred to by Clement of Rome, i. 301; by Hermas, 309, 310; how quoted by Origen, 538, 539, 541; whether referred to by Commodian, ii. 73; received by the Paulicians, ibid. ; quoted by the younger Arno- bius as written by James the apostle, 257; seems to be referred to by Lactantius, 288; received by Athanasius, 400, 401; Cyril of Jerusalem, 400; the council of Lao- dicea, 415; Epiphanius, 417, 418; supposed to be refer- red to in the Constitutions, 438; received by Gregory Nazianzen, 470; Amphilochius, 473; the Syrian churches, 488, iii. 53; Jerom, and generally in his time, ii. 559, 560; Auguftine, 579, 587; Chrysostom, 607; Sulpicius Severus, 622; Chromatius, Bp of Aquileia, 625; Inno- cent Bp of Rome, 628; Paulinus, 630; Pelagius, 631; Palladius, iii. 5; Cyril of Alexandria, 9; Theodoret, 12; Cassian, 17; Prosper, 21; Salvian 36; the Imperfect Work, 66; Oecumenius, 84; Theophylact, 87
Not quoted by Irenæus, i. 370, 371; nor by Clement of Alexandria, 403; nor by Tertullian, 428, 429, 430; nor Cyprian, ii. 24; not received by all in the time of Eusebius, 369, 373; and Jerom, 559; doubted of by some, iii. 74; especially in the east, 59
Idacius, Bp of Emerita, prosecutor of Priscillian and his fol- lowers, ii. 499
Idumeans, who they were, and their conversion to Ju- daism, i. 9
Jehudah, or Judah, the holy, composer of the Mishna, his time and character, iii. 547, 548, 551
Jeremiah the prophet, said by some not to have died, ii.91, 92; an apocryphal book, with his name, mentioned by Jerom, 562
Jerom, his time, ii. 531, 532; his history and character, 532 to 539; his masters in Latin, in grammar, &c. 532; in Hebrew, 533; his account of apocryphal books of the Old Testament, 30; well acquainted with Jewish traditions, iii. 551; his accounts of the Nazarene Christians, 484; confutes the Manichees in his works, ii. 148; what he says of their fasting, 160; wrote severely against heretics, iv. 512, 522, 523; favoured by pope Damasus, and made his secretary, ii. 464, 465; several of his works mentioned, ibid.; quoted, v. 394. 402, and elsewhere. The time of his stay at Rome, ii.464; how censured by Palladius, 535.
An account of his book Of Illustrious Men, 432; of some other of his works, 534; his editions and versions of the scriptures, and commentaries upon them, 565, 366; his testimony to the scriptures, 539, &c. select passages, 571, 572; once an admirer of Origen, afterwards his enemy, 624; his Latin version of the scriptures quoted by Cassian, iii. 17; and Gregory bishop of Rome, 72 Jerusalem, when taken by Pompey, iii.492; when Titus began to besiege it, 496; when he took it, 492, 496, 523, 524; the distresses of the city during the siege, see Famine. The number who perished in the siege and in Judea, 525, 529, 570; the city afterwards called Ælia, ii. 119 JESUS: the true time of his nativity, i. 192, 193; said to be found by the wise men of the East, not in a stable, but in a house, iii. 88; the time of the duration of his ministry, i. 200, 231, 232; ii. 40, 138, 456, 487; iii. 45, 78, 88; the time of his crucifixion, i, 208; his age at the time of his baptism, ii. 420; how many passovers in his ministry, ibid.; his ministry said to continue three years and a half, 379
He wrought no miracles in early life, and disdained case and luxury, ii. 487, 612; Remarks upon his three miracles of raising the dead, 487; A Vindication of these in answer to Woolston's objections, v. 332 to 370; owing to modesty that he said of Jairus's daughter, she sleeps, ii.. 627; was a philosopher and truly religious, 365; called the first martyr, 471; by some said to have cleansed the temple twice, by others but once, ibid.; all his miracles healing and beneficial, iii. 55; he said and did many things not recorded in the gospels, ii. 627; iii. 88; his miracles true and certain, and well attested, 578, 579; his predic tions of the calamities coming on the Jews, 496; Proofs of his resurrection, ii. 477; the evidence of it increased by the scrupulousness of Thomas, 503; the ends of his mi- nistry and death, 598, 599; he did not use force, 599; his character by Palladius, iii. 5
He had a human soul and body, v. 373, &c; according to the ancient catholic Christians, 393, 394; was not an angel, 425, 426; is the Messiah, iii. 593; why called Christ, ii. 6:2; his great dignity as the Messiah, v. 386, 387; not reputed to be God while on earth, either by the Jews or by his disciples, iii. 13; why called the Son of God, 67; v. 197 to 200, 381 to 384
Apocryphal books concerning his nativity, and that he left no written volume, ii. 563; his nativity according to Talmudical writers, iii. 532, 533; his journey into Egypt according to the same writers, 533, 534; his disciples ac- cording to them, 355; and his last sufferings, 356 Jesus, or Joshua, the son of Ananus, his remarkable story, iii. 519, 520, 522, 536
Jewish believers, their opinion concerning the person of Christ, ii. 235, noted; see Ebionites and Nazarenes. The faith of early Jewish believers a valuable testimony to the truth of the Christian religion, iii. 477 to 485; their faith a great virtue, 482
Jewish canon, by whom received. See Canon. Jewish unbelievers, how they treated the primitive Christians, iii. 486 to 488
Jerus had the free exercise of their religion in Judea, i. 20; their civil state in Judea, according to the evangelists, 21 to 41; according to other ancient writers, 41 to 57; could imprison men, 32; could inflict lesser penalties 24, 32, 33, 44; had a council, 25, 32, 44; could not legally inflict capital punishments, 26 to 28, 37 to 41, 47; objections against that supposition considered, 28 to 31; had a coun- cil at Alexandria, 46, 47; decided little differences among themselves at Sardis, 47; privileges bestowed upon them by the Romans and others, 96, &c.; excused by the Romans from military service, 125, 145; and from appearance in the courts of judicature on the Sabbath and the preparation, 98; were riotous, 50, 51, 109, 210; practised polygamy, 22, 23; and divorces, 22, 23, 214; were very corrupt
and wicked, 77, 78; numerous out of Judea, 60, 61; their twelve tribes in being at the time of our Saviour and his apostles, 61; the registers of their families also then in being, 147; expected the Messiah, 72 to 74, 75; re- quired a sign, 74; why they rejected Jesus, 76, 77; their sin in rejecting him very great, iii. 505, 588 to 591; their enmity to the first Christians, i. 50, 51, 90, 91, 94, 108, 109. iii. 481 to 488; were numerous at Rome, i. 63, 98; banished from Rome by Tiberius, 98; by Claudius, 135; uneasy under the Roman government, 118; their request to be under a Roman governor after the death of Herod, 44, 158; crucified by the Roman soldiers before the walls of Jerusalem, iii. 515, 516, 525, 568; ript up for the sake of treasure, 516, 567; the numbers that perished at the siege of Jerusalem, and elsewhere, 525, 528, 570; many compelled to fight in amphitheatres, 526, 571; required to pay tribute to the capitol at Rome, 528, 620; the ad- vantages which Christians have from the dispersion and subsistence of the Jews, ii. 598, 618; their circumstances a cogent argument for the truth of the Christian religion, iii. 591, 592. Three Discourses on this subject from Rom. xi. II. v. 34 to 50
Ignatius, Bp of Antioch, his time, i. 313; the smaller epistles ascribed to him genuine, 315; according to Dr. Jortin, who rejects the Apostolical Constitutions, iii. 97; his testimony to the books of the New Testament, 316 to 323; how quoted by Origen, 551, 552; the time of his martyrdom, 315. IV. 34
Imperial laws concerning Gentile people and their worship, iv. 435 to 445
Imprisonment, the Roman method, i. 127 Improvement of time, a sermon, v. 253. India, Christians there, iii. 55
Infants at Bethlehem, their slaughter mentioned by Christian writers and by Macrobius a heathen author, i. 183, 184; why not related by Josephus, 180 to 183
Innocent I. Bp of Rome, persecutes the Novatians, ii. 57; his Catalogue of the books of the Old and New Testa- ment, 628
Inquisitiveness in things of religion recommended, i. 612.
Inscription, in honour of Titus after the conquest of Judea, iii. 533; concerning the Christians in the time of Nero, 608
Instrument, that word sometimes used by Latin writers instead. of Testament, iii. 140
Job, his book said to be written by Moses, ii. 103; his dunghill visited by superstitious people in Chrysostom's - time, ii. 619
John the Baptist, the Manichæan opinion of him, ii. 112; the boundary of the Old and New Testament, iii. 18; said to have been baptized by Christ, 67; how he was revered for his austere character by Josephus and many other Jews, iii. 536, 537; the genuineness of the para- graph concerning him in the works of Josephus asserted, . 534 to 537
JOHN, (ST.) APOSTLE AND EVANGELIST; his history from the New Testament, iii. 212, 213; called the Divine, ii. 627. iii. 9, 52; by Eusebius, ii. 380; Athanasius 401; and Cyril 410; he was younger than Peter, and survived all the apostles, 629; was related to the Lord, and why beloved above the other disciples, iii. 87; had three. mothers, ibid.; when he left Judea to go to reside at Ephesus, 219; was banished, i. 426, by Domitian into Patmos, where he wrote the Revelation, ii. 622. iii. 76; the time of his banishment, 220 to 225; how long he was there, and when he returned to Ephesus, 225, 226; his age when he was called to be an apostle, and at the time of his death, 218, 219; he lived to the time of Trajan, ii. 533 ; - and his age, 533, 534; what Suidas says of his great age, 608; several things said of him by ancient ecclesiastical writers, iii. 219, 220; several stories concerning him re-
hearsed and examined, ii. 554, 555; whether he met Ebion, or Cerinthus, at a public bath in Ephesus, i. 325; whether he was cast into a cauldren of boiling oil, 426; he raised a dead man to life at Ephesus, 480; said to have delivered a creed to Gregory Thaumaturgus, 593; his superior knowledge of the doctrine of the Trinity, 604; why he and his brother James were surnamed by our Lord Boanerges, iii. 213, 214; whether he followed our Lord to the high-priest's and let in Peter, 215, 216; why our Lord committed the care of his mother to him, 216
His great excellence, and the superiority of his gospel above those of the other evangelists, and above Peter, ii. 552, 583, 602. iii. 9; his gospel was not written by way of opposition to any heretics, ii. 239 to 241; therein the errors of Cerinthus and others confuted, 239; written the last of the four gospels, and the occasion of writing it, and its superior excellence, i. 365, 395. ii. 629. iii. 86; the time and occasion of writing it according to Victorinus, ii. 95; Theodore of Mopsuestia, ii. 529; the occasion of writing it, 368, 369, 529, 552, 553, 602, 629, 630. iii. 52, 86; the use and importance of it. ii. 603; the opinion of divers learned moderns con- cerning the time when it was written, iii. 229; that it was written at Ephesus 52; before the destruction of Jerusalem about the year 68, 229 to 237; objections to this con- sidered, 237 to 242; his gospel not written till after the destruction of Jerusalem, ii. 603; before the destruction of Jerusalem, iii. 86; about the time of it, 91; many years after it, 90; after his being in Patmos, 79; written the last in the New Testament, 41; before the Revelation, 43; his gospel and epistles written after his return from Patmos, and after the death of Domitian, 79; his gospel said to be written in Asia, 74; in Patmos, 87; at Ephesus, according to Irenæus, i. 365; Ebedjesu, ii. 483
Testimonies of ancient writers to his gospel, iii. 226 to 228; referred to by Ignatius, i. 317; received by Justin M. 344; Athenagoras, 379; Theophilus of Antioch, 384; called a spiritual gospel, 395; his gospel and first epistle- universally received; his second and third epistles not so- received in Origen's time, 532, 533, 540, his gospel the first fruit of the gospels, 543; quoted by Novatus, ii. 60,- 61; by Dionysius of Rome, 71; by Victorinus, 95; by Anatolius, 78; Theognostus, 82; Archelaus, 139; his gospel and second epistle quoted by Alexander of A. ii. 302; his gospel and first epistle universally received in the time of Eusebius and betore, 368, 369; his gospel. mentioned with marks of great respect, 475, 494, 495 ; his gospel and epistles and Revelation received by Jerom, 548, 553, 554; observations upon his gospel, iii. 242 to 244; a commentary upon it by Cyril of A. iii. 8; respect- fully quoted by Amelius, iv. 200; he computes the hours of the day as the other evangelists, after the Jewish manner, iii. 298, v. 482 to 484
His three epistles; their genuineness, iii. 425, 426; the time of writing the first of them, 426 to 428; to whom it was sent, 428, 429; observations upon the second epistle, 429 to 131; upon the third, 431 to 436; when they were written, 437; his first epistle referred to by Polycarp, i. 332; and the martyrs at Lyons, 362; quoted by Papias, 338, 340, 341; by Clement of Alexandria, 403; by Tertullian, 429, 430; his first and second epistles quoted by Irenæus, 370, 371; his first epistle often quoted by Dionysius of Alexandria, and his second and third spoken of as ascribed to him, 635; whether his second and third epistles were received by Cyprian, 26; his first epistle quoted by Novatus, 64, by Commodian, 73, Metho- dius, 107, Phileas, 127, and by the Novatians, 64, by Archelaus, 139, and by the Manichees, 216; his three epistles received by the Paulicians, 239; the second and third not received by all, 369, 384; his second epistle quoted by Alexander, 302; by Lucifer of Cagliari, 450, Optatus, 491; his third epistle, and the Revelation, quoted
in the Commentary upon thirteen of St. Paul's epistles, 52; his first epistle received by all, the other two
bt. d of, 53; his first epistle said to be written to the thus, 587. iii. 61, 79; his three epistles received by Innocent, ii. 628, Arethas, iii. 57, and all who had the same canon with that now generally received; his second and third epistles doubted of by some, 74
The Revelation published in the time, and after the time of Domitian, ii. 97; but see iii. 450 to 452: see Canon of the New Testament, and Catholic epistles, and the Revelation
John the elder, i. 337, 339
John the publican at Cæsarea, his good character, i. 120 John of Gischala, how he escaped from that place, and got to Jerusalem, iii. 510; taken prisoner, 570; and con- demned to perpetual imprisonment, according to Josephus, 525; the account of his death in Josippon, 570; see like- wise p. 582
John, a martyr in Dioclesian's persecution, remarkable for bis memory, ii. 119
Jones, (J) quoted, i. 295. ii. 29, 113. iii. 598, 617; his opinion of the epistle ascribed to Barnabas, i. 284; a re- mark of his upon a passage in Justin M. 348; upon St. Mark's gospel, 398; quoted and commended, iii. 183, and elsewhere; thinks that Seleucus, in Augustine's book of Heresies, is the same as Leucius, but is mistaken, iv. 625; is mistaken also in making Leucius a Mani- chee, 630
Jortin, (Dr.) quoted, i. 253. iv. 30, note 1. 52, note ". 181, 509. v. 384, notes; his observations upon M. Antoninus the philosopher, iv. 74, 78; receives the Philosophy of Oracles as a work of Porphyry, 238
Joseph, Husband of Mary, on what account he was obliged by the decree of Augustus to enrol himself, i. 147; why he went to Bethlehem to be enrolled, ibid.; a current tra- dition that he was a widower, and had children by a former wife, iv. 633
Joseph, a Jew, beaten for reading the gospels, i. 24 Josephus, (Flavius) the Jewish historian, his time, works, and character, iii. 488 to 491; made governor of Galilee, i. 46; pretended to prophecy, 154; was a firm Jew, 254, 183; his passages concerning a terrible execution at Jeru- salem, in Herod's time, 152, 153, 190, 191; remarks upon them, 152 to 156, 181; calls Livia, Augustus's wife, Julia, 216; calls Caiaphas Joseph, 216; his silence no objection against St. Matthew's history of the slaughter of the infants, 180; shy of mentioning Christian affairs, 135; some remarkable omissions in his history, 176 to 178; his speech to the Jews to induce them to surrender to Titus, 148; how he flattered Vespasian and Titus, 154, iii. 490, 501, 547; endeavoured to save the honour of the Roman government, and the Jewish nation, i. 118, 119; his works not much respected by the Jews, iii. 491, 561; his History of the Jewish war, and the siege of Jerusalem, and the conquest of Judea, 505 to 528; the value of his testimony, 529 to 531. iv. 10; observations upon his writings and testimony, iii. 544 to 546. Two passages concerning dæmoniacs, with remarks, i. 266 to 268; his catalogue of the books of the Old Testament, ii. 545. Three paragraphs in his works, the genuineness of which are considered: first, concerning John the Baptist, iii. 534 to 536; second, concerning the Lord Jesus Christ, 537 to 540. iv. 1 to 9; correspondence with Dr. Chandler on this subject, i. p. xlv, xlvi; some farther observations, p. xlvi; third, concerning James, the Lord's brother, iii. 542 to 544; what may have been the reason of Josephus not having mentioned any thing concerning our Saviour, 544 to 547. Josephus mentioned by Anatolius, ii. 78; by the author of the Imperfect Work, iii. 67
Joseph Ben Gorion, or Josippon, his age, work, and character,
iii. 560, 561, 573, 574; his testimony to the Jewish war, the siege of Jerusalem, and the destruction of the city and
temple by Titus, 562 to 572; observations upon his work,
Jotopata, the siege of that place, and the event of it, iii. 489, 562
Jovinian, against whom Jerom wrote, ii. 534 Irenæus, bishop of Lyons, his character of Polycarp, i. 325, 320; his history, time, works, and testimony to the scrip- tures, 363 to 377; wrote no commentary upon the Reve- lation, 348, 371; fragments ascribed to him, 375; the time and character of his Latin interpreter, ii. 13, 14; he was not a martyr, i. 365. iv. 163; his account of the Heretics, Basilidians, 535, 554; Cainites, 652; Carpo- cratians, 558 to 560; Cerdon, 586; Cerinthus, 564; Marcosians, 578 to 582; Marcionites, 588, &c.; Ophians, 655; Saturninus, 532; Sethians, 647, 649; he observes that the heretics bear testimony to the scriptures, 520; in his long and particular arguments with Valentinus and other heretics, he does not charge them with polytheism, 519; quoted, v. 391
Isaiah, sawn asunder, ii. 92; his book rather a gospel than a prophecy, 568; his Ascension or Anabaticon, 155, men- tioned again by Jerom, 562
Isidore, son of Basilides, i. 438
Isidore of Pelusium, quoted, ii. 536; his time, works, and tes- timony to the scriptures, iii. 6 to 8; his observations upon the testimony of Josephus, 531
Isidore Bp of Seville, his time, works, and testimony to the scriptures, iii. 73-76
Italic version, whether mentioned by Augustine, ii. 595- See Abp of Canterbury's conjecture, 123
Ithacius, Bp of Sossuba, prosecutor of Priscillian, ii. 499 to 501; his character, 505; deposed, 508
Ittigius, (Tho.) his remark upon a passage of Justin M. i. 348; upon Tatian's Harmony, 354; quoted and com- mended, iii. 539
Judaize, the meaning of that word, iii. 403
Judas the traitor, present at the institution of the Lord's supper, ii. 611; observations concerning him, 618, iii. 6
Judas of Galilee, his principles, i. 119, 158; his time, 158 Judas, a Christian writer, his history, i. 578; author of a Commentary upon Daniel's seventy weeks, how he was affected with the cruelty of Severus's persecution, iv. 166, 167
Jude (St.) his history, iii. 437 to 440; called also Thaddeus and Lebbeus, 437, 439; not certain that he was a martyr, 438; reasons for thinking that he was an husbandman before he was called to be an apostle, 439, 440; the genuineness of the epistle ascribed to him, 440 to 445; to whom it was sent, 440, 445; the time of writing it, 445 to 447; not quoted by Irenæus, i. 371; quoted by Clement of Alexandria, 403; and Tertullian, 430; how quoted by Origen, 541; why rejected by some, 559; not cited by Cyprian, ii. 26; cited by the anonymous author against the Novatian heretic, 25; received by the Paulicians, 239; not universally received in the time of Eusebius, or before, 369, 374; whether received by him, 384; quoted by Lucifer of Cagliari, 450; rejected by some, but gene- rally received in Jerom's time, 561; received by Innocent, 628; Isidore of Pelusium, iii. 7; Cyril of Alexandria, 9; Cassian, 17, and others. See Catholic epistles Judea, first brought into subjection to the Romans, by Pompey, iii. 492; reduced to the state of a province after the removal of Archelaus, i. 43; a branch of the province of Syria, 44, 48, 157; had in it no Roman governor with power of life and death, between Pilate's removal and Herod Agrippa's accession, 49, 50; its state under Herod the great, 147 to 149
Judgment, (Private) its rights asserted, ii. 272, 273 Judith, how quoted by Origen, i. 557; not reckoned a ca- nonical book by Jerom, ii. 540, 541, nor Rufinus, 573 Julian, emperor, his passage concerning our Saviour's enrol-
ment by Cyrenius, i, 141; does justice to the Novatians, ii. 54; how he treated Titus of Bostra, 146, his edict for- bidding Christians to teach grammar, and other parts of literature, 453, 455; a letter of his to Photinus, 444 ; _was a persecutor, iii. 93. iv. 295; his time and character, and behaviour towards the Christians, 311 to 321; whom he forbade to teach rhetoric, 320, 342, 375; called the Christians Galileans, 321; when he renounced Christianity and embraced Hellenism, 318, 345; how he dissembled his real sentiments for a good while, 375; his regard for the Jewish people, and his design to rebuild the temple at Jerusalem, v. 44. iv. 322 to 332; extracts out of his work against the Christians, which are a testimony to the books of the New Testament, 332 to 341; the sum of those extracts, 341, 342, 433, 434; extracts out of his orations and epistles, 342 to 348; vindicated from some charges, 316, 317; his character in Eutropius, 371; makes fre- quent profession of moderation, and yet was a persecutor, 318 to 321, 342, 343, 347, 348; his character by Cave, 321, note
Juliana, friend of Symmachus, from whom Origen received his version of the scriptures, i. 447 Julius Africanus. See Africanus Julius Capitolinus. See Capitolinus
Julius Cassianus. See Cassianus
Junilius, an African Bp. his work, time, and testimony to the scriptures, iii. 58, 59
Justin Martyr, his history, i. 341; his works, 342; his account of the Jews cursing Christ in their synagogues, 94; his passages concerning Cyrenius, 140; concerning. the slaughter of the infants, 183; concerning the Jewish practice of divorces, 22; not author of the epistle to Zena and Serenus, nor of that to Diognetus, nor of some other works ascribed to him, 342, 349; the time of his apolo- gies, and of his dialogue with Trypho, 342; the pathetic address at the end of his first apology, iv. 42, 43; his tes timony to the scriptures, i. 343 to 349; wrote no com- mentary upon the Revelation, 348; did not use apocry- phal books, ibid.; imitated Aristides in his first apology, 437; quoted and animadverted upon, v. 388, 389; he wrote against Marcion, iv. 590. Of the Quæstiones et Responsiones ascribed to him, i. 343
Justus, of Tiberias, what Josephus says of him, i. 40; men-- tioned again, 182; his testimony to the conquest of Judea, by Titus, iii. 531, 532
Justus, præfect of Asia, a zealous Gentile: his history from Eunapius, iv. 386
Juvenal, his time and works, iii. 616; his testimony to Nero's persecution of the Christians, ibid.; and to Domi- tian's persecution, 617
Juvencus, his work and testimony to the scriptures, ii. 407 Izates, his conversion to Judaism, i. 64; sends money to Jerusalem in a time of famine, 134; his relations in Jeru- salem surrender to Titus, and are received by him, iii. 523, 569
Kepler quoted, i. 165, 207
Keuchenius, (Pet.) quoted, i. 140, 166; quoted and com- mended, v. 525
King (P.) quoted, v. 425
King, (Ri.) who he was, iv. 106
Kingdom of heaven taken by force, a sermon, v. 236 Kortholt, (C.) his judicious observations upon Pliny's epistle to Trajan, iv. 20; and upon Trajan's rescript, 29,
Kuster, (L.) quoted and commended, iii. 32, 33; quoted, iv. 270
i. 417; how he used the Sibylline books, 455; his character of Cyprian's writings, ii. 8; his character by Jerom, 244, 278; his history and time, 257 to 260; his works, 260 to 267; whether the book of the deaths of persecutors be his, 264 to 266. iv. 298, 299; select pas- sages from him, ii. 267 to 275; errors ascribed to him, 275; whether he held Manichæan principles, 275 to 277; what pope Damasus said of his epistles, 260, 261; his character, 278 to 280; his testimony to the scriptures, 280 to 292; what he says of the lawyer Ulpian, iv. 179; accounts of two writers against the Christians, at the beginning of Dioclesian's persecution, one anonymous, the other Hiero- cles, 252 to 255; takes notice of the cruelties of Diocle- sian's persecution, 282; mentioned v. 402 Laertius, (Diogenes) his time and work, iv. 171; the inscrip- tion on the altar to the Unknown God, in Acts xvii. 23, illustrated by a paragraph in his work, 171 to 176; whether he refers to the Christian eucharist, 176 Lampe, (F. A.) quoted, iii, 216, 219, 220, 226, 229, 237, 239, 380, and elsewhere
Elius Lampridius says that Adrian intended to build temples to Christ, which story is examined, iii. 54 to 56; sup- posed to refer to M. Antoninus's deliverance in Germany, 102; his passages relating to Alexander Severus as favour- able to the Christians, 177 to 179; what he says of Heliogabalus's design to unite the Christian with other re- ligions, 251
Laodicea, the church there planted by St. Paul, iii. 362, &c. Laodicea, (The council of) their catalogue of the books of the Old and New Testament, with remarks, ii. 414 to 416 Laodiceans, an epistle to them, whether used by the Mani- chees, ii. 216; rejected by all, according to Jerom, 556; an epistle supposed to be sent to them, but was rather from them, iii. 11, 85, 87
Lardner, (Mr. Rich.) father to the author of this work, his character, i. p. xliii
La Roche, (Michael) his Memoirs of literature quoted,
Latin translation of the Old Testament, read in Christian churches in the first ages, made from the Greek of the Seventy, ii. 594; of Jerom's translations, see ii. 594, 595, and his works under his name in this Index. The Latin translation of the New Testament said to have been in great disorder in Jerom's time, 569, 570, and see 595 Latronian, a Priscillianist, put to death at Treves, with Pris- cillian, ii. 497
Launoy, (J) his dissertation concerning Victorinus of Pettaw, ii. 89
Lawyers, who they were, i. 69, 70
Learning not discouraged by the Christian religion, this appears from the catechetical school at Alexandria, in the early days of Christianity, i. 390; in which presided Pan- tænus, Clement, Origen, and others of great fame for learning the library at Jerusalem, erected by Alexander, Bp of that city, 493, 494; and the library of Cæsarea, erected and furnished by Pamphilus, ii. 116, 117, 120; from the method of Origen in educating young men under his care, i. 591, 592, and from the many learned Chris- tians in every age.
Lenfant, his argument concerning the inscription of the epistle to the Ephesians, ii. 466, 467; quoted v. 378, note. 381, note
Leo, Bp of Rome, how he treated the Manichees, ii. 161; his account of the opinions of the Priscillianists, 512 to 5.14; his charges against them considered, 516; likewise against the Manichees, 241, 242; his want of candour towards such as were called heretics, 512; his time and testimony to the scriptures, iii. 34 to 36
Leonides, Origen's father, divers particulars concerning his family, and suffering martyrdom in the persecution of Severus, i. 519, 520, 589. iv. 166
Lactantius, his character of Tertullian's style and apology, Leontius, Bp of the Novatians at Rome, ii. 55
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