of the twelfth, whence it is indifferently ascribed to the one or the other. Or, secondly, The one year of Ahaziah did concur with the latter half of Joram's eleventh year, and the former half of his twelfth year: and if he could not be said to begin to reign in both these years, yet he might unquestionably be said to reign in both of them; and the Heb. word, both here and chap. ix. 29, properly signifies he reigned, and not he began to reign, as it is translated. Or, thirdly, Ahaziah began to reign with his father, and during his life, according to the late examples both in Judah and Israel, there being also special occasion for it, by reason of Joram's cruel and long sickness, 2 Chron. xxi. 18, &c.; and this was in Joram's eleventh year, and then his father died, and he began his single reign in Joram's twelfth year. Ged. In the eleventh year [so Syr. and pp. ix. 29]. Ver. 26. Ged.-For with the house of Ahab he had made affinity. Booth.-For he was related to the house of Ahab. Gesen.- m. one who marries the daughter of any one, Gr. yaußpós.-Hence, 1. In respect to the bride, a bridegroom, spouse, Psalm xix. 6. 2. In respect to the parents, a son-in-law, Gen. xix. 12; Judg. xv. 6. 3. A relative by marriage, affinis, 2 Kings viii. 27. CHAP. IX. 1. Houb.-1, Ver. 3. Au. Ver.-3 Then take the box of oil, and pour it on his head, &c. Box. Ged., Booth.-Vial. : bani: aba 'opp-ne anbny jes Gesen. m. (r., to drop, to distil,) viòs elkoσi kai dúo étŵv'Oxogías év To Ba- a flask [so Prof. Lee], bottle, 1 Sam. x. 1; σιλεύειν αὐτὸν, καὶ ἐνιαυτὸν ἕνα ἐβασίλευσεν 2 Kings ix. 1, 3. ἐν Ἱερουσαλήμ, καὶ ὄνομα τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ Γοθολία θυγάτηρ ̓Αμβρὶ Βασιλέως Ισραήλ. Ver. 4. Au. was Ahaziah when he began to reign; and he reigned one year in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Athaliah, the daughter [or, grand-daughter, see ver. 18] of Omri king of Israel. καὶ ἐπορεύθη τὸ παιδάριον ὁ προφήτης εἰς Peppað гaðààð. Au. Ver.-4 So the young man, even the young man the prophet, went to Ramoth Two and twenty years. See notes on gilead. 2 Chron. xxii. 2. Daughter of Omri. Houb.-26 Athalia filia Amri. Houb. 4 Ivit puer propheta Ramoth Atqui w, puer, puer. -su הנער Alterum versu 18; dicta est, filia Achab. Et parum perfluit, neque id videntur legere Græci credibile est, eandem feminam, eodem in Intt. ut nec Syrus. Quòd verbò Chaldæus capite, vocari nunc filiam, Achab, nunc habet, TN, adolescens discipulus, filiam Amri, præsertim cum ejusmodi gene- paraphrasi utitur, ut otiosam iterationem rationes indicare soleant filium, aut filiam quomodocunque expediat. Clericus, adostrictè, non autem filium, qui sit nepos, aut lescens, prophetæ minister. Sed suprà is filiam, quæ neptis. Legendum videtur, adolescens dictus est unus esse ex filiis proDY 7 INN D1, filia Achab, filia Amri. phetarum, non autem Elisæi minister. Est Vidimus in Libro Paralipomenon similes scribendi errores. Et ut hæc verba 28, omitterentur, occasio erat in verbis 1878 7, non nihil similibus, quæ extant linea inferiori. Ver. 27. כִּי חֲתַן בֵּית־אַחְאָב הוא : in recto casu, propheta, de adolescente, dictum, non de Elisæo. Ita rem accepêre Græci Intt. qui, тò ñαidápiov ó пpopýtns. puer propheta. Ver. 8. Au. Ver.-8 Against the wall. See notes on 1 Sam. xxv. 22, p. 467. And him that is shut up and left in Israel. See notes on 1 Kings xiv. 10, p. 822; and on Deut. xxxii. 36, vol. i., p. 780. Ver. 11. Au. Ver.-11 Then Jehu came forth to the servants of his lord: and one said unto him, Is all well? &c. And (one) said. Houb.-11", et dixit ei. Lege... TO", et dixerunt; ita Codex Orat. 42 inanu priori: Ita etiam Veteres, præter unum Chal dæum. Hæc dicunt Jehu sodales, ut liquet pulpit of the Mohammedans. ex, nobis. . וַיֹּאמְרוּ לוֹ : editi libri Maurer.] Plures et scripti et Sed singularis lectio sanissima est. Et dixit ei, sc. dicens h. e., et dictum est ei. Veteres liberius verterunt. Ver. 13. καὶ ἀκούσαντες ἔσπευσαν, καὶ ἔλαβεν ἕκαστος τὸ ἱμάτιον αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔθηκαν ὑποκάτω αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὸ γαρὲμ τῶν ἀναβάθμων· κ.τ.λ. or publishing See my note on Job xxix. 7); 2 Kings ix. 13; 2 Chron. ix. 18. Maurer.-Super ipsosmet gradus, uti bene "Indicari jam Kimchi explicuit in lib. rad. videtur, quantopere festinarint regium honorem Jehuo exhibere. Non exspectabant, donec in plateas venissent, sed antequam e loco sublimi descendissent ad ipsos gradus vestes suas ipsi substernebant." Ges. Alii: super aliquem e gradibus coll. 99 بعضهم Au. Ver.-13 Then they hasted, and took every man his garment, and put it under him on the top of the stairs, and blew with trumpets, saying, Jehu is king [Heb.,? reigneth]. On the top of the stairs. Dr. A. Clarke.-The Chaldee, the rabbins, and several interpreters understand this of the public sun-dial; which, in those ancient times, was formed of steps like stairs, each step serving to indicate, by its shadow, one hour, or such division of time as was commonly used in that country. This dial was, no doubt, in the most public place; and upon the top of it, or on the platform on the top, would be a very proper place to set Jehu, while they blew their trumpets, and proclaimed him king. The Hebrew is the same word which is used chap. xx. 9, 10, 11, to signify the dial of Ahaz; and this was probably the very same dial on which that miracle was afterwards wrought: and this dial from, to go up, ascend, was most evidently made of steps; the shadows projected on which, by a gnomon, at the different elevations of the sun, would serve to show the popular divisions of time. Ged. On the naked steps of the stairs. Gesen. m. 1. a bone, i. q. , but rarer and only poetic. 2 The body, &c. 56 جرم pars et — καὶ Ἰωρὰμ αὐτὸς ἐφύλασσεν ἐν Ρεμμώθ Γαλαάδ, καὶ πᾶς Ἰσραὴλ ἀπὸ προσώπου ̓Αζαὴλ Baσidéws Evpías. Au. Ver.-14 So Jehu the son of Je hoshaphat the son of Nimshi conspired against Joram. (Now Joram had kept Ramoth-gilead, he and all Israel, because of Hazael king of Syria.) Pool.-Joram had kept Ramoth-gilead; which interpreters conclude to have been taken by Joram before this time, though the taking of it be not mentioned. This they gather, first, from the mention of the inner chamber, ver. 2, and of the top of the stairs here; secondly, from ver. 15, Let none go forth out of the city. But these arguments seem not to be cogent. And if the city was taken, why should all Israel be there to keep it, for which a strong garrison was sufficient? The words therefore may be otherwise rendered, exactly according to the Hebrew, Joram had kept, or did keep (to wit, by his army left there,) or put guards, or laid siege at, or, to, (for so the particle beth is oft used,) Ramoth-gilead. And therefore he had all Israel, i. e., all the military force of Israel, with him, that he might both maintain the siege, and withal oppose Hazael, who sought to relieve it. Ged. - 14 Thus Jehu Ben-JoshaphatBen-Nimshi conspired against Joram; while king Joram (who had, with all the Israelites, come to defend Ramoth-gilead against Hazael king of Syria) was gone back to Jezreel to be healed of the wounds, &c. Ver. 15. ex sequiore שִׁפְעַת [ שִׁפְעַת אֲנִי רֹאֶה .Maurer לָלֶכֶת לְ גִּיד .vid. E. Gr. crit , שִׁפְנָה Hebraismo pro יֵצֵא פָלִיט מִן־הָעִיר p. 348; Gr. min. §. 288; G. Gr. ampl. Au. Ver.-18 And the watchman told, saying, The messenger came to them, but he cometh not again. 19 Then he sent out a second on horseback, which came to them and said, &c. Au. Ver.-15 But king Joram [Heb., Jehoram] was returned to be healed in Jezreel of the wounds which the Syrians had given him [Heb., smote], when he fought with Hazael king of Syria.) And Houb.-18, 19. DT, usque ad eos. Jehu said, if it be your minds then let none Versu 20 legitur D, ut legendum vigo forth nor escape [Heb., let no escaper go, detur hoc versu 18, quomodo et Chaldæus, &c.] out of the city to go to tell it in, usque ad illos. Nam omnino Jezreel. inusitatum. Idem dixeris de D, ver. 19, Pool. When he fought with Hazael; ad eos, cujus vera forma est, quàm when he came with an army, either to re- hic habent duo Codices Orat. take the city taken by Joram, or to raise the siege. Out of the city; or, from the city; Ver. 20. – וְהַמִּנְהָג כְּמִנְחַל יֵהוּא בֶן־נִמְשִׁי either from within the city, or from before it, from the siege or army. Houb.-, sed enim Joram reversus -- καὶ ὁ ἄγων ἦγε τὸν Ἰοὺ υἱὸν Ναμεσσὶ, erat, nempe relinquens apud Ramoth Galaad ὅτι ἐν παραλλαγῇ ἐγένετο. exercitum suum, ut inviseret Ochoziam, Au. Ver.-20 And the watchman told, in Jezrahel ægrotantem. Proptereà illum saying, He came even unto them, and The son of Nimshi. Houb.-20 : Nos, filii Josaphat, hæc in hunc locum: "Hinc et ex multis filii Namsi, additis duobus verbis, filii Josaaliis locis, intelligere est, Massorethas ad phat, ex versu 2, quæ duo verba hîc omissa antiquum quemdam Codicem textum, sine fuerunt, scribâ saltum faciente ex priore mutatione ulla, etiam exscriptis mendis mani- ad posterius; cujusmodi errores alibi non festis, composuisse." Etiam colligere potuit semel deprehendimus. Clericus, Codicem eum, quem Judæi sequebantur, fuisse multis aliis deteriorem, nempe illis, quos Masora consulebat, ut eum ad marginem notis brevibus emendaret. VOL. II. For he driveth furiously. Bp. Patrick. He was noted, it seems, for fierceness and eagerness in pursuing his designs. But the Chaldee paraphrast takes 6 A it quite otherwise, that "he drove slowly; θανετο εἰ παντα έχοι παλως τα κατα το στρα as if he would entice Joram to come out of the city and meet him, having no mind to engage in an assault or siege of Jezreel. тоTedоv. Joseph. lib. ix., cap. vi., sec. 3. In the same manner he takes this expression in verses 17 and 18. And that this is the true sense of it, appears from verse 23, which seems to intimate that Jehu's reply to this salutation gave the king of Israel the first suspicion of treachery. Instead of Is it peace? therefore the English should be, Is all well? What peace? rather "How well?" Ged.-22 As soon as Joram saw Jehu, he said, "Jehu! comest thou peaceably?" Jehu answered, "How peaceably? so long as the idolatries of thy mother Jezabel and her numerous sorceries remain unpunished.” -quia tarde iter fa ; כי בשגעון ינהג. Ver. 24. Prof. Lee.-, Madness, impetuosity. Houb.ceret, vel duceret turmam suam. Ita ChalAu. Ver.-24 And Jehu drew a bow with dæus,, in quiete, et Arabs, ", ad his full strength, and smote Jehoram belentitudinem. Alii, celeriter, non tam com- tween his arms, and the arrow went out at modè. Nam Jehu, si celeriter iter fecisset, his heart, and he sunk down [Heb., bowed] ante advenisset Jezrahel, quàm mitterentur in his chariot. ad eum legati duo, et quàm duo reges ei extra urbem obviam venissent. Conjectura probabili utendum. Nam in radice a non plus continetur celeritas, quàm tarditas, ex Lexicis quidem hodiernis. Horsley, Clarke, Ged.-Between his arms, i. e., between the shoulders. . החץ Melius Houb.-24, sagitta. Affirmat Buxtorfius esse Paragogicum, sed nullo alio exemplo, nec aliam ob causam, quàm quia sic legebat, cum menda hod. Codicum nollet confiteri. Ver. 25, 26. the portion of Naboth the Jezreelhite. Pool. — Against Jehu, or, to meet [so D'EP ON MANI UN Horsley, Ged.] Jehu. Bp. Horsley. To meet Jehu; for as yet - 26 they had no suspicion of his hostile intentions. Ver. 22. שלשו קרי .25 .v Dibyo : 12 του ΠΝ 29 καὶ ἐγένετο ὡς εἶδεν Ιωράμ τὸν Ἰού, καὶ εἶπεν, Ἡ εἰρήνη Ἰού ; καὶ εἶπεν Ἰού, Τί εἰρήνη; ἔτι αἱ πορνείαι Ιεζάβελ τῆς μητρός σου καὶ τὰ φάρμακα αὐτῆς τὰ πολλά. 25 καὶ εἶπε πρὸς Βαδεκὰρ τὸν τριστάτην αὐτοῦ, Ρίψον αὐτὸν ἐν τῇ μερίδι ἀγροῦ Να βουθαὶ τοῦ Ιεζραηλίτου, ὅτι μνημονεύω ἐγὼ καὶ σὺ ἐπιβεβηκότες ἐπὶ ζεύγη ὀπίσω ̓Αχαάβ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ, καὶ Κύριος ἔλαβεν ἐπ' αὐτὸν τὸ λῆμμα τοῦτο· 26 Εἰ μὴ τὰ αἵματα ΝαAu. Ver.22 And it came to pass, when βουθαὶ, καὶ τὰ αἵματα τῶν υἱῶν αὐτοῦ εἶδον Joram saw Jehu, that he said, Is it peace, εχθές, φησὶ Κύριος, καὶ ἀνταποδώσω αὐτῷ Jehu? And he answered, What peace, so ἐν τῇ μερίδι ταύτῃ, φησὶ Κύριος. long as the whoredoms of thy mother Au. Ver.-25 Then said Jehu to Bidkar Jezebel and her witchcrafts are so many. his captain, Take up, and cast him in the Bp. Horsley. Is it peace, Jehu?-Uv-portion of the field of Naboth the Jezreel hite: for remember how that, when I and thou rode together after Ahab his father, the Lord laid this burden upon him; 26 Surely I have seen yesterday the blood [Heb., bloods] of Naboth, and the blood of his sons, saith the Lord and I will requite thee in this plat [or, portion], saith the Lord. Now therefore take and cast him into the plat of ground, according to the word of the Lord. 25 Captain. vol. i., p. 267. For remember, how that, when I and thou rode together after Ahab. See notes on Exod. xiv. 7, Bp. Patrick.—In the Hebrew the words are exactly thus: "Remember, thou and I were among those who rode two and two together after Ahab," &c. That is, he was attended by his guard, who were wont to ride in pairs, two and two, and Jehu and Bidkar rode at that time together, and heard Elijah's words. ἅρματι ἐν τῷ ἀναβαίνειν Γαὶ, ἤ ἐστιν Ἰεβλαάμ καὶ ἔφυγεν εἰς Μαγεδδὼ, καὶ ἀπέθανεν ἐκεῖ. Au. Ver.-27 But when Ahaziah the king of Judah saw this, he fled by the way of the garden-house. And Jehu followed after him, and said, Smite him also in the chariot. And they did so at the going up to Gur, which is by Ibleam. And he fled to Megiddo [in the kingdom of Samaria], and died there. Smite him also in the chariot. And they did so, &c. Houb., Horsley.-Read") 1377 108 D2 77; "smite him also; and they smote him in the chariot." Ged., Booth.-Smite him also in the chariot, and they smote him in the chariot [Syr., Arab., Vulg., and equivalently LXX] at the ascent, &c. Houb.-... D1: Etiam mutilus hic contextus. Nam hæc verba, etiam hunc perculite super currum in ascensu Gaver, qui est juxta Jeblaam, quæ habent geographicam loci declarationem, non conveniunt in Jehu loquentem, conveniunt autem in Sacrum Scriptorem. Ergò legendum, vel ut Græci Intt. D, etiam hunc; et percus serunt eum, vel cum Syro, 137 108 02, etiam hunc percutite, et percusserunt eum, quæ scriptio posterior magis placet. The Lord laid this burden upon him :] This punishment, which is frequently by the prophets called a burden, Isaiah xiii. 1, &c., was denounced against Ahab, and extended to his son, 1 Kings xxi. 19, where these very words are not recorded, but Elijah said more than is there set down, which Jehu well remembered. 26 Surely. Maurer.-27-in] "Solum manGed. 26 Saying, As surely, (saith datum commemoratur, subaudita, quæ ex eo the LORD) as I have seen the blood of facile intelligitur, mandati exsecutione." Naboth, and the blood of his sons, recently Schulz. Ita et Dathio aliisque visum est. shed here, so surely (saith the LORD) will I Equidem de hoc supplemento haud nihil requite thee, on this same spot.-Therefore, ambigam. Excidisse videtur . De seq. &c. So Booth. Houb.-25: Masora, meliùs Codices tres,, Tribuno suo, non sine' in medio.....m: Codices treg, wm, et projice eum, in voce Hiphil..., nam memini ego et tu. Mutilus hic locus: nam legendum N) 238 28 7312, nam memini ego, quod ego et tu...Syrus et Arabs bis exprimunt", Vulgatus, bis, dum vertit, memini enim, quandò ego et tu...Ex uno ad alterum Scriba saltum fecit. Ver. 27. vid. ad Jud. vi. 39. Ceterum "res sic se habere videtur. Cum Achasja versus domum in regio horto Samariæ exstructam aufugeret, cognitis Jehu insidiis currum in aliam viam deflexit, at prope Jebleam ab Jehu agmine deprehensus letale vulnus accepit, curruque relicto et equo conscenso Megiddonem fuga petiit ibique inter curandum non multo post ex vulnere mortuus est.' He fled to Megiddo and died there. Pool.-Quest. How doth this agree with 2 Chron. xxii. 9, He sought Ahaziah: and they caught him, for he was hid in Samaria, and brought him to Jehue and when they had אֹתוֹ הַכָּהוּ אֶל־הַמֶּרְכָּבָה בְּמַעֲלֵה גור slain him, &c. Answ. Either, first, Samaria is there to be understood, not of the city, but of the kingdom or territory so called, 1 Kings xiii. 32, and elsewhere, in which Megiddo was. Or, secondly, If Samaria be |