A universal geography

Some of the inland regions of America explored-various expeditions under
Cortes, Pizarro, Verrazano, Cartier, and Ulloa-second circumnavigation of
the globe, by Sir Francis Drake-third, by Cavendish-fourth, by Van Noort
-chimera of a north-east passage to India-expeditions under Sir Hugh
Willoughby, Burroughs, Pet and Jackman, and Barentz-endeavours to
find a north-west passage-voyages of Frobisher, Davis, Hudson, Burton,
Bylot and Baffin-researches of Spanish navigators-discovery of Australia
by the Dutch-Schouten and Lemaire-Tasman's discovery of Van Diemen's
Land, New Zealand, and other islands-inland discovery promoted by
colonization-the pilgrim fathers, the French, Dutch, Swedes, Jesuit mis-
sionaries-correction of maps, by Hondius, Peirsac, Picard and Delahire-
settlements in Greenland, Hans Egede, Moravian brethren-Russian dis-
covery under Behring - Loshkin's discovery of the east coast of Nova
Zembla-survey of the Falkland Islands by Byron-Wallis's discoveries-

Carteret first to sail through St. George's Channel-Terra Australis Incognita
-Dalrymple-primary object of Cook's first voyage-his various discoveries
-second voyage-idea of a southern continent abandoned-third voyage-

discovery of the Sandwich Islands-discoveries of Pérouse and Vancouver-

interior regions of North America-researches of Hearne, Mackenzie, Lewis,

and Clark-interior of South America-researches of Humboldt and Bonp-

land-interior of Northern Africa-researches of Bruce, the Jesuit Mission-

aries, Browne, and African Association-the_Niger discovered by Mungo Park

-its identity with the Quorra proved by Landers-discoveries of Denham

and Clapperton, Laing, Caillie, Burchell, Campbell, Dr. A. Smith, and Capt.

Alexander-extended information respecting Australia-Bass and Flinders

-Captain King-old question of a north-west passage revived-expeditions

of Ross and Parry -adventures of Franklin, Beachey, Captain Back-

termination of the eastern and western continent-interesting results of dis-

covery in the high latitudes of the southern hemisphere -Smith, Belling-

hausen, Weddell, Biscoe, Balleny-Government expeditions-Captain Du-

mont D'Urville, Sir J. C. Ross-much to be discovered-discovery of the

mountain Kilimandjaro, in East Africa, by Rev. Mr. Rebmann-of the lake

Ngami, in South Africa, by Rev. D. Livingstone-Dr. Leichardt and Australian

enterprise-Sir John Franklin-geographical discoverers corroborating the

fidelity of God's word as regards the unity and perfection of his nature and

the universal degeneracy of man

1. FORM, MAGNITUDE, AND MOTIONS OF THE EARTH.

Sphericity of the earth-true figure and dimensions-position in space-motions

of the earth-day and night-seasons

11. MATHEMATICAL DIVISIONS OF THE EARTH.

pages 57-66

Great Circles: The equator, the horizon, the meridian, the ecliptic, and the

two colures. Small Circles: The tropics, the polar circles, and the parallels

of latitude. Zones-climates-table of successive climates differing by half

hours from the equator to the polar circles; by months, from the polar circles

to the poles-latitude-longitude-table of first or prime meridians of longi-

tude, employed by different nations-table, showing the length of one degree

of longitude for every degree of latitude in geographical and English miles

- determination of longitude - amphiscii-heteroscii- periscii-antæci-
periæci-antipodes-antipodal places

III. REPRESENTATIONS OF THE EARTH.

pages 66-76

Globes-maps-table, showing the thirty-two points of the mariner's compass

-table of itinerary and linear measures reduced approximately to a common

denomination-table of measures equal to one degree of the equator.

IV. DIVISIONS OF TIME.

pages 76-81

Years: Gregorian reform of the calendar-years in which the reformed calendar

was adopted in different countries-length of the year adapted to the law of

animal and vegetable nature. Months: Our nomenclature of the months

derived from the Romans-lunar cycle-golden number. Weeks: French,

Roman, Saxon, and British nomenclature. Days: Times at which different

nations have begun, or begin, the civil day-the cycle and human constitution

are nicely adjusted-regular succession and uniform duration of the inter-

vals of day and night, etc., an evidence of Divine faithfulness: pages 82-89

Extent and distribution. Continents: Eastern and western continents-their

extreme limits-area-maritime coast-line-greatest elevation-greatest de-

pression-general features of similarity and discordance of the two conti-

nents. Islands: Australia, Rockal-semi-islands, St. Michael's Mount-

continental islands-oceanic islands-archipelagos-single islands, St. Helena,

Ascension Islands-Solitary Islands mostly of volcanic origin. Mountains:

Insulated mountains-chains-secondary ranges-mountain systems of the

two continents-the Silla mountain-table, showing the length of principal

chains, with their greatest height-mountain-knots-configuration of moun-

tains-table of the heights above the sea of the principal mountains of the

globe-mountains of the torrid zone-table of the heights above the sea of
some remarkable inhabited sites-heights where man can find no local habit-
ation-distance at which mountains have been seen-advantages of moun-
tains. Table-Lands: Mean elevation of the highest table-lands. Valleys:
Longitudinal and transverse passes. Plains: Heaths - steppes - deserts.
Plains of the New World: llanos-pampas-selvas-savannahs, or prairies.
Clefts and Caverns: Simple cavities-chambered caverns-natural shafts-
fissures. Snow mountains and glaciers: Drift, sliding, creeping, and ice
avalanches-extraordinary effect of an ice avalanche in the canton of Berne.
Volcanoes: Kirauea-active and intermittent craters-Stromboli-Etna and
Vesuvius-extinct volcanoes-renewal of the activity of the dormant volcano
of Cosigüina-number and distribution of volcanoes-some of the principal
volcanoes, with their heights-volcanic eruptions. Earthquakes: Lima-
movements of the surface during an earthquake-noises-effects-city of
Caraccas-city of Conception-prognostics-area of concussion-earthquake
of Lisbon-imagery derived from earthquakes in the Scriptures pages 91-142