circulates freely; and it is a much safer practice than throwing open the breast.

When over-heated, it is extremely dangerous to lie down in the shade; and still more so to drink largely of cold water. Those persons en dure heat the best, who drink the least. Thirst may often be allayed by washing the mouth with a little water, without swallowing any of it.

INNUMERABLE are the examples of death being the immediate consequence of taking a copious draught of cold water when the body was heated by exercise. To such accidents no class of men are more liable than the military. After a hot and toilsome march, with the mouth parched and full of dust, and the limbs fatigued by exertion, it requires no small effort of steadiness and resolu tion to withstand the allurement of a refreshing stream: but let it be remembered that the draught, in such a state, may cause the speedy privation of life. If, however, neither the voice of reason, nor the fatal examples of those who have perished from this cause, are sufficient to produce restraint in drinking a quantity of cold liquor when the body is prèternaturally heated, take the following precautions:

1. Grasp the vessel out of which you are about to drink, for a minute or longer, with both your hands; this will abstract a portion of heat from the body, and at the same time impart it to the cold liquor.

2. If you are not furnished with a cup, and are obliged to drink by bringing your mouth in contact with a stream

But above all, let every one who values his health, avoid drinking spirits when heated; this is adding fuel to fire, and is apt to produce the most dangerous inflammatory complaints. Sometimes, indeed, if a person passes from extreme heat and fatigue to absolute rest (which ought always to be avoided), a small quantity of spirits taken into the stomach will prevent the bad consequences which might arise from cooling too suddenly.

It is extremely dangerous to sleep exposed to the noon-day rays of a scorching sun.

The air of the night, after a very hot day, is often agreeably cold. It is, however, very dangerous to yield to the pleasing freshness which is produced by being exposed to it. Those who are obliged to be out should use some additional clothing, at least a flannel waistcoat*;

which issues from a pump or a spring, always wash your hands and face previously to your drinking, with a little of the cold water: by receiving the shock of the water first upon those parts of the body, a portion of the heat is conveyed away, and the vital parts are thereby de fended (in a small degree) from the action of the cold.

* WHEN flannel is worn, it should always be next to the skin. Flannel drawers and under-waistcoats are much preferable to linings of the same materials.

and even fortify themselves by drinking a small quantity of spirits.

In this country the bad effects of cold, especially joined with moisture, are more to be dreaded than those of heat. Winter expeditions are not to be dreaded as unhealthy, if you are provided with stout shoes*, warm quarters, and

* MILITARY shoes ought to be roomy, and to rise high on the ancle.

The advantage of easy shoes was strikingly illustrated by some of our regiments who were in Canada during the American war. Of those men who were obliged to substitute such shoes as are used by the inhabitants (formed of a piece of hide dressed with the hair, and simply tied on the feet by the corners), not one was affected by the cold; while many who wore the usual regimental shoes, lost their toes, and even their feet, in consequence of their being frost-bitten.

The

Another advantage attending large shoes is, that they admit of the introduction of some hay or straw. utility of doing this in hot weather may be learnt from the practice of waggoners who make long journeys on foot. Nothing refreshes the fees more, nor enables them better to bear fatigue; but the straw ought to be renewed at every convenient opportunity.

A PRINTED paper was circulated from the War-office, in the month of October, 1797, to the following pur port:

Cure for soreness of feet in travelling. A method has

plenty of provisions. Moderate degrees of cold may be counteracted by exercise, The body

been discovered, and has received the authority of his Majesty's patent, for preparing a certain material which has thus, on experiment, been found most effectually, and in the simplest manner possible, to prevent or remove the soreness which soldiers often suffer in their feet during or after a march; and the inventor, from a de. sire to promote the advantage of the service, has published this communication for the purpose of putting the benefit of the discovery within the power of every soldier, independently of the patent right.-Method of preparation: the gut called by butchers the bung-gut, of an ox, cow, or sheep, is to be cleansed by scraping it gently with a blunt knife (or an edged stick) and water, and is then to be inflated till it is dry: when the wind is to be expelled; and the skin, which will occupy but a small space, laid by for use. When required, a piece sufficient to cover the whole or any part of the foot that is injured, is to be applied, softened in water; and, as it has already appeared by report of the regiments in which it was tried, it never once failed of effect. Either side may be used: but the outside is the best; except when applied for the purpose of prevention, by those who have the skin of their feet naturally very rigid and dry. One intestine will make five or six coverings; and may be purchased for about a penny: each of the pieces used in the experiments lasted three days, and some five. In warm countries it must be of particular utility, as a defence against the insects with which the sand abounds.

should be kept constantly in motion; and all inclination to stand still or to sleep, stedfastly resisted for, in this case, sleep would prove the certain harbinger of death.

Not a more dangerous error exists, than the notion that the habitual use of spirituous liquors prevents the effects of cold: on the contrary, the truth is, that those who drink most frequently of them, are soonest affected by severe weather. The daily use of these liquors tends greatly to emaciate and waste the strength of the body; and it may with truth be asserted, that of those who fall victims to the severity of cold in this country, half at least have accelerated its effects by the misuse of spirits.

If a person, or any part of his body, be benumbed or frost-bitten by extreme cold, it is highly dangerous to expose him suddenly to the heat of a fire; the certain consequence of such indiscretion, is general or partial death. Life is either extinguished by the sudden transition, or some part becomes livid and mortifies. The safest way is to rub the part affected with snow, or to immerse it in water so cold as nearly to freeze, till its natural heat and colour be gradually restored: small cupfulls of strong nourishing soup, but not very hot, may be given from time to