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actions in 1783 he contributed an "Account of several Lunar Rainbows *." In 1789 Mr. Cade thus noticed him in the Archæologia: "About three miles below Barnard Castle is Wycliffe, an elegant modern mansion, the seat of Marmaduke Tunstall, Esq. whose invaluable collection of manuscripts, books, prints, coins, and gems, besides a spacious Museum stored with rare birds and many other curiosities relating to Natural History, demand in a particular manner the attention of the learned virtuoso."

Dr. Whitaker, in his "History of Richmondshire," vol. I. p. 201, gives a pedigree of the antient family of Tunstall; and adds, "The late amiable and excellent Naturalist, Mr. Tunstall, is entitled to a particular memorial, which will be given in the Appendix to this Volume." That Appendix Dr. Whitaker did not live to print; but, in his second volume, p. 37, he introduced two distinct characters of Mr. Tunstall; one of them, signed "A Country Gentleman," originally printed in the Gentleman's Magazine, vol. LX. p. 1050, and since in the "Literary Anecdotes," vol. III. p. 437, and written by Dr. Pegge (not by Mr. Watson, as supposed by Dr. Whitaker). The other, an affectionate tribute of respect from the learned and benevolent Dr. Zouch, who was Rector of Wycliffe, is here transcribed:

"On the 11th October 1790, died at Wycliffehall, Marmaduke Tunstall, Esq. F. R. and A. SS. The death of this truly amiable gentleman cannot be enough regretted. In the privacy of an elegant retirement he was a most munificent patron of learning, being ever ready to encourage and reward merit. His knowledge was uncommonly extensive. In a clear comprehension of every branch of natural history he particularly excelled. He corresponded with most of the learned men of his country, and

* Also in the Abridgement of Phil. Trans. vol. XV. p. 353. + Vol. IX. p. 286.

with many Foreigners of distinguished character in the Republick of Letters*. The celebrated Linnæus honoured him with singular regard. No hour of the day was by him appropriated to frivolous dissipation; his mind was always active, always engaged in the research of useful truth. Great as his literary abilities were, he was possessed of more valuable accomplishments,-a sweet affability of disposition, an engaging urbanity of manners, an enlarged liberality of thought. The words of passion and resentment never dropped from his lips; he was all mildness and benevolence; his deeds of charity were many, he was literally the poor man's friend."

The short character of Mr. Tunstall which Mr. Watson actually wrote, was printed in the Gentleman's Magazine, vol. LX. p. 959, and is here copied :

"October 11, 1790, died, at Wycliffe, in the County of York (the town which gave birth to Wycliffe the famous Reformer), Marmaduke Tunstall, Esq. F. R. and A. SS., whose benevolent dis

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* See some Extracts from his Letters to Mr. Allan in the 'Literary Anecdotes," vol. VIII. p. 755.

†The present Hall at Wycliffe (of which a view was published in Harrison's Gentlemen's Seats) was built by Mr. Tunstall, who came into possession of the estate in 1760, and began the building in 1764. This mansion, which is pleasantly situated on the river Tees, was thus described in 1787, whilst Mr. Tunstall was resident there: "" The dimensions of the principal apartments are as follows the hall thirty-two feet by twenty-one, the parlour twenty-seven by seventeen, the drawing-room thirty-two by twenty-one, and each fifteen feet high. The Library, which is well furnished with valuable books and MSS., is thirty feet by twenty; the Museum (which, as well as the Library, commands a fine view of the river) is forty-five by twenty, and contains a large collection of subjects in natural history and antiquities; with a cabinet of Greek, Roman, and modern coins and medals. The chapel is thirty-nine feet by twenty, and eighteen feet high. There are several good paintings by Titian, Holbein, De Neef, Teniers, Breughel, Smith of Chichester, and other eminent masters, with many highly finished drawings and prints. Various fine shrubberies, and almost every sort of forest trees, have within these few years been formed in the adjacent grounds, by the liberal and scientific owner."

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position and goodness of heart render his loss irreparable to his disconsolate widow, truly lamented by the poor, and sincerely felt by all who had the happiness of his acquaintance.

"He published, in 1771, a very thin folio, on large paper, intituled, Ornithologia Britannica; seu Avium omnium Britannicarum, terrestrium quam acquaticarum, Catalogus, Sermone Latino, Anglico, et Gallico redditus; Cui subjicitur Appendix, aves alichigenas in Angliam raro advenientes complectens,' with a beautiful print of the Water-ouzel.

Mr. Tunstall also presented Mr. Hutchinson, for his History of Durham, with the Portrait * of his ancestor, Dr. Cuthbert Tunstall, Bishop of that Diocese."

Mr. Tunstall's Library was purchased by Mr. Todd, of York; who dispersed the books in 1790, by a marked catalogue†

His large and splendid Museum of Natural History was sold to George Allan, Esq.

*The original Plate is now in my possession.

+ See the "Literary Anecdotes," vol. III. p. 688.

This rich Collection, in which the Birds alone had cost more than £3000, was purchased by Mr. Allan for less than £700; and, after Mr. Allan's death, was valued at only 300 guineas. See the particulars in the "Literary Anecdotes," vol. VIII. pp. 366. 807.813.

The Rev. JOHN PRICE, B. D.

Of this able Pioneer in Literature, whose friendly attentions will be recollected by many researchers into the vast treasures of the Bodleian Library, some Memoirs have been given in the preceding volumes §; and some further traits of his obliging and communicative disposition will be found in the following extracts from his Epistolary Correspondence.

See the several passages referred to in the "Literary Anecdotes," vol. VII. pp. 334. 656.

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