answer. they growl], so G, V, 3, Aq., cf. "grudge," PBV., AV., in accordance with context and the nature of the dogs. MT., followed slavishly by RV., "tarry all night," from a similar Hebrew word, differing only in vowel points, is unsuited to context. The usual justification of the latter from the antithesis with "morning" of v." is shattered on the fact that both are glosses from different hands.-17. This verse is an amplification of v.18, a tetrastich of two syn. couplets: I will sing || I will ring out], in public worship in the morning, the time of morning worship in the temple; not in antithesis with a night of peril, as many. Yahweh is a High Tower, as v.18, and place of refuge to which one flees, as 1423, — in the day I have trouble], as 1023. The situation of this glossator is more general and less perilous than that of the author of the Ps.

2-3.] Hiph. imv. ↳× (72), also v. 6, 3, have different words: v.2 ¿¿eλoû, erue; v.3 pûoaí, libera. This favours a copyist's assimilation. But renders the same Heb. words elsw. by both Greek words, and the variation may therefore be simply for better style.-] sf. I sg. i.p., so I; but ¿ Oeós, which may stand for an original ¬¬. —pppppp] Hithp. ptc. pl. sf. I sg. Dip, so 177, those rising up against me. 6, 3, insert conj.; prob. interp. and not original. The word has two beats for measure. The four verbs v.2-3 are in assonance in ") and it is prob. that originally they were all at end of 1. —4. 179x] v. 567; AE, Dr., Kau., rd. wy attack 111, G Éπébevro, but I, T, Ges., De., JPSV., congregantur, best suited to context. "Attack" is too strong for the subsequent vbs. y is gl. of interp.-] pl. adj. Mighty ones, as 1818 1928, so кparaιol, 3 fortissimi, Dr., Bä., others, op with strength, cf. v.10

.This belongs in previous l. for syn בלא פשעי shortened for [לֹא־פִשְׁעִי

་

parall. A copyist reduced the two lines to prose. —~17] is suspicious, as in all
Pss. of E; doubtless gl., as Bä. It makes 1. too long.—5. ] a varia-
tion of ; thus three great terms for sin are used. Rd. prob. y, the absorbed
in of next word. It goes to end of 1. for rhyme, with two tones. —] Qal
impf. 3 pl. archaic ending, run of armed men 1830; followed by 1 coörd. with
up for up, cf. Pr. 243, Hithp. √ (710), cf. on Nu. 2127,
Is. 5414. KaTeú@vva (a err. for av), station oneself, take a stand, I prae-
parantur. The first of these vbs. belongs in previous 1. for parall. and

-an impos [יהוה אלהים צבאות . - .2518 . קרא .inf. cstr [לִקְרָאתִי - .assonance

sible combination.

is doubtless a gl. of variation of reading, and

stands for an original ; so that the text once stood as ', as Kirk. — b] phr. of E, elsw. in 689 697, doxologies 4114 7218 10648; is here a gl. of intensification. The original 1. was way inı ans. — own-bɔ] so 6, J, is striking here; prob. was introduced from later point of view as suited to next 1.bp] phr. a.λ., G, I, I by as v.3. I can only be under

stood as pregnant for, cf. 253. It implies treachery in cove-
nants. as the more difficult is to be preferred.—7 = 15 Rf. ;] Qal
impf. 3 pl. they return if we give this vb. its normal force, implying that they
have been there before. But there is nothing of this in context, and it does
not suit the idea of the Rf. The vb. has auxiliary force, again, and, as impf.
freq., again and again. —] Qal. impf. after 1. The conj. of G, I,
misses the construction, as do, after them, most moderns. npm vb., v. 397;
growl BDB., snarl Dr., cf. Is. 5911 of bears, Ez. 716 of doves. —] goes with
the previous vb., therefore before a is incorrect interpretation, although
in 6, J. The first 1. is too long and the second too short. has been
removed by prosaic copyist from the second 1. to the first. It separates the
principal vb. from its auxiliary. -8. ] Hiph. impf. 3 pl. archaic form y
(193) pour forth. This vb. is not suited to the previous context. It describes
another kind of enemy and is a gl. It has nothing to correspond with it in
the second Rf.] has two poetic accents. -9. Gl. from 24. —

ישחק (למו) as [תִשְׂחַק למו - .not suited to E [יהוה - .6.was taken from v [ואתה - .is given as an interp. of it לכל גוים 24 of למו but for ,24 ילעג as [תלעג - .24

-

[אלהים

-

10 = 18 Rf.] has no good sense. Rd. with 6, 3, T, Dr., Kirk., and some
codd. MT. my strength (83) || 'pp (910) so Rf. v.18. — vs] Qal impf.
cohort. i.p. =
v.18; though 6, I, have the same text here as , yet S has
the same vb. in both passages, so Houb., Kenn., Street, Ols., Bi., Gr., Bä., Dr.
It is improbable that the Rf. would differ. Furthermore, is not suited to
(129), and although is with 2 (718) elsw. only v.18, it is just as suit-
able here as there, and is a frequent variant with after other vbs.
for original
agrees with here, but not in v.18, where it has ò cós
μov. I has tu deus here, but 3d pers. v.18. The context demands 2d pers.
11. p] Kt. 1707 178 Qr., &, ò Deós μov тò éλeos avтoû, but v.18 ¿ Ðeós
μOV TO EXEÓS μov; v.11 dei mei misericordia, v.18 deus misericordia mea.
These do not sustain as cstr., which gives a phr. a.λ. improb. in itself.
70 is sustained by v.18 (MT., 6, J), and is indeed required by the context.
But v.11 is entirely different; a subj. is needed for . In v.18 the phr. is
at the close of Ps. after Rf.; in v.11 it begins the second part of the Ps. The
Rf. is sufficiently long without it. It is therefore a txt. err. in v.18 from v.11.
If so, the copyist found ¬¬¬bs, unless we may suppose that on is a later
change to assimilate the word to its context. On the whole is the best
guide, and we should rd. on, as Dr.-12.
] Qal juss. with sf.

3 pl. is inconsistent with v.14. Gr. would change this latter. No satisfac-
tory explanation has been given of the text, though it is sustained by Vrss.
G. Baur., Now., propose denn, which is in accord with v., and most
satisfactory except that sf. is unnecessary. —py now10] I ne forte obliviscan-
tur populi mei, G μÝ πотE ÉTiλábwvrai тoû vóμov σov, Jerome Epist. 33 "In
Graeco scriptum est: legis tuae; sed in LXX. et in Hebraeo non habet populi
tui sed populi mei." It is probable that 'y of H, I, and in of are both
interpretations of the vb. without subj. and obj. The subj. of an is the
enemies as 918, and the whole is a single l.,
hog] Hiph.

imv. yu (22) with archaic sf., enemies; cause to stagger, or wander, cf. Nu. 3218 (J) 2 S. 1520.—7] Hiph. imv. with coörd., sf. 3 pl. archaic, with two accents. Lag. after ; so Du. with reference to Gn. 412, 21 y♪,

tempting but not probable. The longer word is needed for measure, and goes with preceding 1., which needs it for completeness. Moreover, this 1. begins a new tetrastich, and is not strictly parall, with previous 1.-1] (34). But I pl. is against usage of Ps.; therefore as ò vñeраσñισтhs μov.

13. nen] as antith. v.. àμаρтíav σтbμaтos a&Tŵv, I in peccato oris sui.—7] in apposition with previous clause, as I, 6, acc. and not predicate as many moderns. Two lines are needed for measure. They have been compressed into one by ancient copyist. In the second pyron is needed; in the first a vb. sy bring into punishment, as Is. 2921 Dt. 24*. —17] seems to imply something to which it is in coördination; prob. the vb. suggested. Niph. be caught, so 916, as in snare or trap.-] elsw. Y 475; here in bad sense pride, as Is. 166 Je. 4829 Zp. 210 Ez. 720 1649. A word is missing. J has not conj. with N, therefore D is doubtless correct for in accord with usage of Ps. So we should have the fully written pa

.n.f אָלָה because of and t מן .prep [מֵאָלָה - וילכדו במו גאונמו and read the line

cursing, cf. 107. This begins new quartette. - †ɔ] n.m. (1) lying, as Ho. 78 1013 121 Na. 31; (2) leanness Ps. 10924 (?) Jb. 168. — 14. ~2:] Piel. imv. (1838) bis; only one is needed for measure, the other is a gl. of intensification.] is attached to the previous by J, to following by 6. –

rds. deus dominatur Jacob. a before אלהי יעקב משל had 6 [אלהים משל ביעקב

app is doubtless explanatory gi. is most likely correct. It gives the only good measure. - 16. This v. is a gl., breaking between couplets of Rf.— ] Kt. Qal impf. 3 pl. archaic, Qr. Hiph. impf., cf. v.12; diao koρwiołńoovтai, I vagabuntur. — „b ̄□N] but 6 èàv dè, making negative dub.

Hiph., or

] consec. after impf., aorist of result, which is not suited to the idea of lodging all night. 2, T, S, have same vb. as H, but 1 coörd. 6, Aq., yoyyúσovσiv; I murmurabunt; PBV. » Niph.; so Du., Bä., Bu., BDB. vb. Niph. murmur, cf. Ex. 1524 (JE) Nu. 142 1611 176 (P) +, Hiph. same, Ex. 173 (E) 168 (P) +.—17 is also a gl., amplification of Rf. v.18. -] emph. antith. to enemies. = raw v. 18. — †ovx] n.m. (1) a place of flight, of escape, elsw. 1425 Am. 214 Je. 2535 Jb. 1120 2 S. 223 (?) Je. 1619 (?); (2) flight Je. 465. IO23 (z. 4).

so [ביום צר לי.

PSALM LX.

Ps. 60 is composite. (A) A Ps. of the time of David, citing an ancient oracle, giving Israel possession of the land and supremacy over his neighbours (v.8-12a). (B) A prayer for deliverance in time of defeat and great humiliation, probably of the reign of Jehoiachin (v.3-7. 126-14).

YAHWEH spake in His sanctuary:
"I will exult, I will divide Shechem;

"And the Valley of Succoth will I mete out.
"GILEAD is Mine, and Mine is Manasseh;
'Ephraim also is the defence of My head;
"Judah is My commander's staff.

"MOAB is My washpot;

Unto Edom will I cast My sandal;

"Over Philistia will I shout in victory."

THAT one would conduct me to the entrenched city?
O that one would lead me unto Edom?

YAHWEH, Thou hast rejected us, hast broken us down;

Thou wast angry and didst turn us backward;

Thou didst shake the land, didst cleave it: Its breach doth sink down, it doth totter. THOU hast let Thy people see hard things:

Thou hast made us drink wine of staggering.

A sign to them that fear Thee Thou hast given,

That they might betake themselves to flight (because of (Thy) faithfulness). THAT Thy beloved people may be delivered,

O give victory with Thy right hand and answer us;

Thou Yahweh, who didst reject us (and put us to shame),

And wentest not forth with our hosts.

GIVE us help because of straits,

For vain is the victory of man.

Through Yahweh let us do valiantly,

And He will tread down our adversaries.

Ps. 60 is composite. (B) v.3-6, 2 Str. 43, continued in v.7. 126-14, 2 Str. 48. This has taken up into its midst an older Ps. (A), v.8-12a, 4 Str. 33. V.7-14 is also contained in the composite Ps. 108, which begins with 578-12. As 108 uses the composite Ps. 60, it was composed subsequent to that composition. Ps. 108 cited 57, 60, from E, and not from the original group of on, for the divine name is on throughout. It is therefore unlikely that 108 was in . The of the title is due to the recognition of the fact that the two original Pss. out of which it was constructed were in . Ps. 108 was not in DR, but 60 was, and probably already as composite when it received the musical assignment ny by (v. Intr. §§ 27, 32, 33, 34). The original on (v. Intr. § 25) was only (4), which is antique in its language and style. The term is prob. original. It reminds one of the dirge 2 S. 117 sq. and possibly was also in the Book of Yashar. To it alone the historical reference

בהצותו את ארם נהרים ואת־ארם צובה וישב יואב ויך את אדום בגיא מלח :can apply

To: When he strove with Aram Naharaim and with Aram Zoba, when Joab returned and smote of Edom in the valley of salt twelve thousand. Cf. 2 S. 813 sq. 1016 sq. I C. 1812 sq. 196 sq.. The variation in number is prob. due to a corruption of text. But while this Ps. is undoubtedly ancient and might go back to the time of David, yet it is too general to refer to this defeat of Edom (or rather N as 2 S. 10), and is an oracle as to the triumph over the lesser neighbours, Aram not being mentioned. (B) was a Ps. of different structure and date. It was a petition for divine interposition after humiliating defeat of the armies of Israel. V. resembles Je. 4o, v.5 Is. 5117. 22. It probably refers to the defeat of the armies of Judah by the Babylonians, reducing them to a desperate situation. It reminds us of parts of Pss. 44 and 89, and may express the feelings of the companions of Jehoiachin.

PSALM LX. A.

Str. I. a tristich having a syn. couplet synth. to the first line. 8. Yahweh spake in His sanctuary], so G, I, referring to the sacred place of the divine presence, where the oracle of Yahweh was given; and not, "in" or "by His holiness," of EV'. suggesting a divine oath, as Am. 42 Ps. 89. This oracle goes back to the original conquest of the land. — I will exult], in triumph over the inhabitants of the land. Yahweh speaks as the supreme commander of His people, cf. Ps. 247-10 Is. 631-6. — I will divide], the conquered land among the tribes, || will I mete out, the measurement in connection with the division. Shechem, at the foot of Mt. Gerizim, the chief gathering place in the time of Joshua, stands for the country west of the Jordan, cf. Josh. 24'. The Valley of Succoth], in the valley of the Jordan on the eastern side, near the Jabbok (S. Merrill, East of Jordan, 385 sq.), stands for the country east of the Jordan; possibly with a reminiscence of the two chief places mentioned in the story of the return of Jacob from Haran to Canaan, Gen. 3317-20.

Str. II. is a syn. tristich.-9. Gilead, as distinguished from Manasseh, must indicate with it the two chief divisions east of the Jordan, as Ephraim and Judah, the two chief divisions on the west. Accordingly Gilead, here, is for the southern portion assigned to Reuben and Gad, Nu. 321-29, and Manasseh, the northern portion, or the land of Bashan. These, says Yahweh, are Mine], that is, my possession, my land. Ephraim is the defence of My head], the helmet defending the head from the blows of an enemy, in per