-

tents. 32. Swift messengers will come out of Egypt], the most probable rendering of a difficult passage after ancient Vrss. "Princes" of EV. cannot be sustained even by the erroneous form of due to dittography. JPSV., "Hashmanim" leaves the word untranslated and without meaning. As for Cush], Biblical name of Ethiopia, — his hands will run out to God, in the gesture of supplication. This is a prediction of the conversion of Egypt and Ethiopia in accordance with Is. 1919 sq. 433 451 60. Zp. 310.-33-36. A universal summons to praise. -33. Ye kingdoms of earth], all of them,—sing to God], take part in the public worship in the temple in Jerusalem, cf. 967. 971 98 991-34. Lift up to Him that rideth upon the ancient heavens], based on v.5 and Dt. 33. A later glossator prefixes as an interpretation: make melody to Adonay; and still later the original verb is interpreted as Selah. A glossator emphasizes the theophanic ride of Yahweh in the heavens by the usual reference to the thunder storm: Lo! He uttereth with His voice].—35. The summons to praise continues: with a strong voice ascribe strength to God], with loud praise of vocal and instrumental music; and probably also thinking of the blowing of horns, with blasts of the sacred trumpets Whose majesty is over Israel, and whose strength is in the skies]. God in His theophanic ride is conceived as majestic and strong in the skies; but as Dt. 3326 it is all for Israel, in Israel's behalf, that the theophanic ride has been made. 36. Awe-inspiring in His sanctuary], as ancient Vrss. The change to the second person in H, followed by EV., is improbable. The earthly sanctuary is here in antith. with the heavenly. the God of Israel], emphasis upon the peculiar relation between God and His people, Giver of strength and great might to the people]. The strength that He exhibits in His theophanic ride in the heaven is bestowed upon His people on earth. The Ps. concludes in its present form with the liturgical phrase: Blessed be God, cf. v.20.27.

2. Dp Qal impf. indicative, not juss. op of Vrss.; so sad (1815), 01), (605), not future, but temporal clause and apod. without conj., as frequent in poetry. The v. is adapted from Nu. 105, the marching song of the ark, where app Qal imv. cohort. is used with 2 pers. sfs. and › with the shortened forms 130, 0); and , which here, as throughout this Ps., was the original of of E. In other respects the sentence is the same. The measure

,MT. is an anomalous form [כְּהִנְוּף .3 - .3.as v מפניו for מפני יהוה requires

prob. an ancient variation of reading between 5 and 7, the latter favoured by || op? (2215) and the masc. 1. cannot, from context, be 2 m., but 3 f., implying m¬, Bö. as 14, which indeed is required for measure. The clause is then a temporal clause..] makes difficult

measure.

עלז for עלץ v.5e, except that ועלזו לפניו It is essentially the same as

.מפני אלהים immediately after

is an improbable variation in the same Ps. Besides, ¤›ì › is tautological
It is therefore prob. txt. err. or gl. of amplifi-
cation.-5.] Qal imv. ‡ [o] vb. Qal cast up a highway Je. 1815 Is. 5714
6210, so 6, 3, and most here; but || justifies lift up (a song), so S, T, Street,
Gr., cf. Pilp. exalt Pr. 48 and Hithp. exalt oneself Ex. 917 (J) BS. 3924 4028;
cf. also (v. Intr. § 41).-] Qal ptc. 7, as 1811, cf. v.84, all theo-
phanic.] so G, I, pl. az n.f. steppe, not elsw. y, but Je. 26 176 5012
Is. 339+; not suited to theophanic chariot ride, therefore with Gr. rd. 15,
as Is. 191 Ps. 1043; cf. v.34 1812 Dt. 3326.-] is dub.; usually ex-
plained as essentiae, Ges.154. 3, with abbreviated mm, cf. a; v.19 (v. Intr.
§ 32). Hare, Dy., Oort, Du., rd. now, which is better suited to context;
Gr. 1 is improb., the vb. does not in any way correspond with letters
of text, which is sustained by all Vrss. These words, according to the meas-
ure, go with the previous 1., which needs another word. V.34 suggests ve,
as Dt. 3328, which interpreted as we would lead to the insertion of my.—
ap y] so 3; but & has ἀγαλλιᾶσθε ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ· ταραχθήσονται ἀπὸ
πроσάπоν ανтоÛ, which is evidently a conflation of why and w. But the
latter is an error not suited to the context. 6. t] n.m. judge, as I S. 2416.
-] makes this 1. too long. It has come up from v.7a, where it is needed.
-] as Dt. 2615 Je. 2530 Zc. 217 2 Ch. 3027, cf. 268.
ptc., so G, J. But Lag., Bä., Du., wp Hiph. ptc. a || NTD is more
probable. Then on (2221) are solitary ones || Do pl. †vo n.m. pris-
oner, elsw. 6934 7911 10221 10710 Gn. 3920. 22 (Qr. J) Is. 1417 Zc. 911. 12 La. 384
Jb. 318, cf. Ju. 1621. 25 (Kt.). —ning] a.λ. pl. [7] n.f. prosperity, Bdb.
But Aram. and the form improb. 6 év åvdpelą, V, I, in fortitudine,
Σ eis ámbλvoiy, ✪ eis evðútnoɩv, all lead to an original ♫
¬vip = ¬ivip 2612, level place, condition of prosperity, as 2612.
-00] Qal ptc. pl. as v.19 667. But oμolws тovs #apawiкpalvovтas,
similiter eos qui exasperant = 01792, cf. Ex. 114; v. v.19, where the phr. is
inkal yàp ȧTELOоûvтes. I has increduli autem v., insuper et non cre-
dentes v.19.—s] a.λ. BDB. n.f. parched land, 6 év Tápois, V in sepulcris,
prob. tn.[m.] underground chamber Ju. 946. 49. 49 1 S. 136; or possibly
topit, as La. 420 Ps. 10720 =nny, I in siccitatibus, cf. y a 632. —
This 1. is prob. a late gl., qualifying the previous context. -8-9 is a conden-
sation of Ju. 54-5.] takes the place of yw, generalising the first 1.
-] Qal inf. sf. 2 m. with a temporal, of the march of Yahweh, as Ju. 54;
cf. Hb. 312.-1] takes the place of DN 7120. ‡jpy; n.m. waste,
wilderness, as Dt. 3210 Pss. 7840 10614 1074 Is. 4319. 20. —] in place of d
of original. The subsequent lines were condensed by the omission of

.Hiph [מוֹשִׁיב .7

pl. abstr. of

Rd. also 122.

-which were re ,מפני יהוה and שמים נטפו between גם עבים נטפו מים הרים נזלו

tained, only was subsequently changed in E to one as elsw. vb. Qal drop, drip, here as Ju. 5* Jo. 418 Ct. 411 55. 13 Pr. 53, intrans. Jb. 2922. Hiph. idem Am. 913, of speech c. Am. 716, Ez. 212.7, Mi. 26. 11.

introduces a 1. too long for the measure, making the Str. too long. It is a gl. from Ju. 55. The lines of Ju. are thus reduced to three in Ps. 10. ‡g] n.m. rain, shower, 10532 Gn. 712 82 (J) +.— na??] v. 543, 6 èKOúσLov. —7] Hiph. impf. 2 m. ‡ 7a † Qal besprinkle Pr. 717 (couch with myrrh), Hiph. swing to and fro, wave, in the ritual for the presentation of the priest's share to God, often in P. Gåpopieîs, Aq., O; I elevasti for the syn. ‍¬¬, so But BDB. gives with hesitation a mng. corresponding with Qal, shed abroad, here only. Lag., Gr., Now., Du., rd. on Hiph. o drip. The vb., however, requires ↳ or by for the second obj., and if this is supplied it makes the 1. too long; for 1 belongs with this 1. as 6, and the with in H, 6 (not J), attaches it most naturally to the next 1. The divine name makes the first 1. too long, and is needed in the second. A copyist

.ארימת T

אלהים and then omitted the ,אלהים and wrote it אֵל for אֶל probably mistook

in its || maba,

of the second 1. The force of the vb. Do was then carried over from the
previous 1. to this.—] Niph. pf. 3 f. sg. ‡ ¬ Qal, Niph. prot. of temporal
clause, be weary Is. 114 Je. 94 209 +, kai ho bévnoev. I interprets as ptc.
laborantem, which would strictly require article. Ols., Now., would prefix it.
-11. ] dub., 6 rà jŵá σov, so S, V, I, animalia tua, cf. v.31; so Hu.,
De., Pe., with various explanations. But most moderns think of tn.f.
community, as 2 S. 2313; so essentially Ges., EV., Hi., Ri., Ols., Du., Bä.,
Dr., Kirk., Now., but not sufficiently sustained by a single passage.-
seems to be an expl. gl., m. pl. vb. when subj. is f. sg.
is also a gl. of
amplification. With these removed, the difficulty of explaining
ordinary sense disappears. It is the acc. of vb. n with pers.
and then refers to the animals, not with Hu. the quails as complementary
to the manna of previous clause; but as the rain suggests grain, so the liv-
ing creatures, cattle large and small, are provided for.-12. ] is dub.,
makes 1. too long; prob. gl. of interp., cf. v. 18. 20. 21. 23. 27. 33.
without indef. subj., as Hb. 3o, the thunder of a theophany acc. Now., who
cf. Spin Ps. 1814 Am. 12 Jo. 211 416. But such usage unexampled. is
somewhat different from p.-] Pi. ptc. pl. f. women heralding glad
tidings (401o), elsw. ¥ and Is. 409.9 4127 527.7 of victory and salvation; so
most here. But it may also mean simply bringing tidings, as 1 S. 417
2 S. 1819. 20. 26 1 K. 142; that depends upon our interp. of the context. 6, J,
V, all make this ptc. second acc. to n. It is prob. that does not belong
to the ptc. making it a relative clause, but with the previous noun, which
should be ready (127). Then the ptc. is in an independent verbal clause.
— 27 x23] in G duváμei woλλý, E virtute multa, 3 fortitudinis plurimae.
This is more prob. than EV'. great company or host, which is unexampled in
such a fig. sense, of women or messengers. It must mean either a real army
or war. If a belongs to it, it is great army as obj. of ptc. If, as is prob.,

→ belongs to subsequent 1., it is war that is heralded. is then Qal pf. 27 strive in battle (v. 351) with hp sg. as in ✪ and as subj.. — лas ›¤] phr. a.λ. and improb. as is subj. of next vb.-18. ] twice Qal impf. 77 most prob.; but I foederabuntur √ vb. not used in Heb. ( τοῦ ἀγαπηToû = 1979 adj. (607). The repetition is, however, prob. a gl. of intensification, certainly not in original if a belongs to this 1.—nan] phr. a.λ. she that is abiding at home, BDB. [y] adj. f., cf. [^] pasture, meadow, 23o. But wρaibrηti, 3 pulchritudo,=, as Je. 62, the comely, beautiful one, v. 331.—h phan] Pi. impf. 3 f., phr. dependent on Ju. 580. — 14. paɔwntow

רבץ בין 4914 .cf. Gen למה ישבת בין המשפתים 16 .is derived from Ju [בין שפתים

.המשפתיס

0.83;

ono a.λ. prob. error for †DnDD. Cf. other passages: Gn. 4914 stalls, Ju. 516 sheepfolds, here from context dovecotes. The clause is prob. a gl., not suited to context and misleading for subsequent lines; so We., Du. —¬] with л Niph. pt. f. sg. Ges.145. k, agreeing with principal noun rather than construct, as if "winged dove." [] vb. Qal, cover, as 2 S. 1530.30 Je. 148.4 Est. 612 78. Niph. be covered, here only. Pi. overlay 2 Ch. 35. 6. 7. 8. 9. —7] pl. f. sf. 3 f. †¬¬ɔx n.f. pinion, elsw. Dt. 3211 Ps. 911 of eagle, Jb. 3913 ostrich; cf. a 557 of dove. -p] n. with >, † pap adj. (1) pale green of plague spots Lv. 1349 1487; (2) BDB. n. greenshimmering only here. This improb. Another word is needed for measure; rd. pra npr. pra vb. flash of lightning 1815; cf. n. used also of arrow Jb. 2025, sword Dt. 3241, spear Na. 38 Hb. 311, cf. glitter of weapon Ez. 2115. 20. 33; so here of the golden coloured pinions in the sunlight. P (372) greenness of grass, cf. As. arku, yellow, Sab. p¬ gold, so Eth. † pë¬ŋ n.m. gold, as Pr. 314 810. 19 1616.-15. ap] Pi. inf. cstr. w spread out, always in Pi. unless here and Zc. 210, where some render scatter; but in both cases without sufficient reason. Ev T diaoréλλeiv, I cum divideret = DD break in two, divide, used in Qal of breaking up bones in kettle Mi. 38; so possibly interp. of here. Indeed, and demand some such sense. But 1. is just these words too long, and they are prob. interp. glosses. If so, we may interpret of the spreading of wings of a bird, with wings omitted as I Ch. 2818.- pointed as divine name, MT. as 911, so Nu. 244. 16 (Poems Balaam) Ru. 120. 21 Is. 136; Gn. 4925 Jo. 115 Ez. 124 dub.; but Jb. 31 times. characteristic of P as speculative conception of God of patriarchs; dub. here. It has given the chief difficulty in Du. suggests field, of battle-field, as local acc. is dittog. and that we should rd. † n.f. bird of

Ez. 105 dub. The use of dealing with previous vb. But it is more prob. that prey Is. 3415 Dt. 14137 Lv. 114, cf. 787 vb. fly swiftly of eagle Je. 4840 4922, in both cases || 11933 w¬D, V. 1811. This gives us the bird of prey pursuing the dove of the previous context, which is indeed implied in the previous metaphor as most agree.n] Hiph. juss., vb. a.λ., juss. sense improb. in context. The vb. itself is suspicious; rd. prob.

n. as 51o, with

> as Bi., Du., cf. Jb. 980. Lag. wn nna for abwn na does not give good sense. -t] n. pr. loci, Ju. 948 wooded mountain near Shechem, not yet identified; prob. here the same, as Bä., Du. If the reference is to the battle of

the Kishon, Ju. 5, we must think of some ridge of or near Carmel, famed for
its forests. Rob. BR.III. 116 sq. mentions El Mutesellim, of which he says:
"As we stood upon the noble Tell with the wide plain and Taanach there
before us, we could not but feel that here had been the scene of the great
battle of Deborah and Barak." This tell would satisfy all the conditions
of both passages.
If the snow is a simile of bones which have been
stripped by birds of prey, there is no need of thinking of a snow mountain.
-16.] either as 777 367, cf. 801 if referring to gigantic moun-
tains, as Bashan or Hermon; or for an original 7, if referring to Zion.
—¡], Mt. E. Jordan and Gennesaret from the Jabbok to Syrian
Hauran, Wetstein, Golan, Now., Bu., Hermon Bä. But rîov, I pinguis,
so 2, V, S, all favour 1, as 369
the fat things, rich blessings of the
temple on Zion, cf. Is. 51. This is most prob.--¬n] † [fipa] n.[m.]
peak or rounded summit; many peaked as adj., or in apposition peaks, the
latter favoured by
v.17. TEтUpwμéva, V coagulatos, as a milk,
-17. ] Pi. impf. archaic
vñolaμßáveтe, I contenditis, Aq. épišete
dub. The 1. is a late gl.n] Qal inf. cstr. sf. preg. sense, for His sitting
enthroned.] improb. in E; the whole 1. doubtless a gl.-18. ]
coll. of heavenly army, cf. 2 K. 211 617. — oynar] a.λ. dual 7, Aramaism,
myriad dub., whether two myriads or myriadfold, v. Ges.97. h. ☎ μvρionλá-
olov, I innumerabiles. a.λ. repetition, BDB., "in a multiplicative
sense," Ges. 97. h, for my Kö.II. 1. 99. b √, Aram. Non repeat, so I millia
abundantium, Aq., 2, Bä., rin, cf. Je. 4845, but not suited to the context.

curds, Jb. 1010. I excelsus excelsi, as if ona.
3 pl. 737 a.λ. look askance,

but it is difficult ,רבבות אלפי ישראל 1085 .favoured by Nu ישראל,.Lag., Bi., al

to explain how the easy reading could give place to so difficult a one, espe-
cially as ¬ and ¡ are not easy to interchange. H, I, most prob., but
evidently a late phr. and a prosaic gl., doublet of Dna, so Kau. — `p de]
though sustained by 6 év avroîs év Zɩvà, I in eis, in Sina, is difficult. Köster,
Ols., Now., Dr., Kau, rd. ››ɔɔ wɔ as Dt. 332.-] either the holy place
of Zion as the goal of the march, as Now., Dr., or in majestic holiness, as
Ex. 1511 Ps. 7714, Ew., Bä. The 1. is dub. and prosaic. The 3d pers. with
" is improb. for the 2d pers. characteristic of Ps. A single 1. of four words
underlies this conglomerate.
" is also improb., if there was originally only one 1.

D is also explanatory

.as doublet and gl אלפי שנאן We first throw out

,רכב יהוה רבתים סיני בקדש That leaves .סיני בקדש of the clause is רבתים סיני The בבתים was prefixed to explain רֶכֶב, רכבת מסיני txt. err. for an original

original was therefore the theophanic ride of Yahweh from Sinai to the sanc

.vb שָׁנָה Qal pf. 3 m. t [שָׁנִיתָ שֶׁבִי .19 - יהוה רכבת מסיני בקרש tuary in Zion

lead captives 10646 1373 with 2 n.m. collective captives, captivity, elsw. Dt. 2110 Ju. 512 2 Ch. 2817; with n Nu. 211, cf. 2 Ch. 285. 11. elsw. alone 7861-p] pl. app n.f. gift, esp. of offerings. - does not qualify the previous word, but po. It is defined by D. See v.7. This phr. is prob. a gl., as it makes 1. too long. —] Qal inf. cstr. as inɔwh v.17. —] v. v.3, is gl.—The various expl. of this difficult 1. are due to a

ATTIT