studied to please and observe him in every thing: so that he passed away the rest of his life in a great fondness for her. He kept her at a vast charge; and she by many fits of sickness, some believed real, and others thought only pretended, gained of him every thing she desired. She stuck firm to the French interest, and was its chief support. The King divided himself between her and Mistress Gwyn; and had no other avowed amour. But he was so entirely possessed by the Duchess of Portsmouth, and so engaged by her in the French interest, that this threw him into great difficulties, and exposed him to much contempt and dis

His Majesty created her Duchess of Portsmouth, Countess of Farneham, and Baroness of Petersfield, all in the county of Southampton, to enjoy during her life, by letters patent, dated at Westminster on August 19th, 1673. And likewise, by his intercession with the then French King, Louis XIV. the territory of Aubigny in France, which, by the death of Charles Stuart, sixth Duke of Richmond and Lenox, reverted to that crown, was given to her Grace, by grant, dated at St. Germains en Laye, in the month of December, 1673, and thirty-first year of his reign, during her life; the remainder to such of the King of Great Britain's natural sons by her, as he shall name; under the same limitation, as the grant by Charles VII. of France, anno 1422, to John Stuart, ancestor to the aforesaid Duke of Richmond. Aubigny is a town in Berry, in France, situate on the river Nere, given (according to Pere Daniel) to John Stuart the third Lord Darnley of the name of John, on March 24th, 1422, to whom the county and carldom of Eureux was also granted in 1426, and who was killed at the battle of Herrings, on February 12th, 1428-9.

The French King, by his grant dated at Versailles, in the month of January, 1684, in the forty-first year of his reign, reciteth, "That the territory of Aubigny upon Nere, in the province of Berry, having been given, in the year 1422, by King Charles the VIIth to John Stuart, in consideration of the great and commendable services by him done in the wars; and by default of heirs male, the same having reverted to the crown, anno 1672, on the death of the Duke of Richmond, he, in regard to the King of Great Britain, had, by his letters patent, dated in the month of December, 1673, granted to the Lady Louise Renée de Penencourt de Queroualle, Duchess of Portsmouth, the said terri

Hist. O. T. vol. i p. 337

tory of Aubigny, with all rights to the same belonging, for her life; remainder to such of the natural male children as she shall have by the King of Great Britain, in tail male, by the said King to be named; remainder to the crown of France. And whereas, the said King of Great Britain had appointed Prince Charles Lenox, Duke of Richmond, his natural son, master of the horse, and Knight of the Garter, to succeed the said Duchess of Portsmouth in the said inheritance; he, the said King of France, being willing to annex to the said inheritance a proper title, and such as should be agreeable to the illustrious birth of the said Duke of Richmond; and at the same time to confer honour on the said Duchess of Portsmouth, whose progenitors always held a considerable rank in the province of Britany, as well in consideration of their birth, services in the army, as alliance to antient families, and otherwise; and also considering the great extent of the said territories, consisting of the town of Aubigny, two considerable castles, two parishes and fiefs, extending eight leagues, with the privilege of resorting to the court and parliament at Paris; being likewise mistress of the waters, forests, fairs, markets, and all places in the said territories; therefore he unites, creates, and erects the said town, territory, castellany and castle of Aubigny, fiefs and lands, &c. into a Duchy and Peerdom of France, with all pre-eminences and prerogatives thereunto appertaining; to be enjoyed by the said Lady Louise Renée de Penencourt de Queroualle, Duchess of Portsmouth, during her life; and after her decease, by the said Duke of Richmond, and the heirs male of his body, in name, title, and dignity of Dukes of Aubigny, and peers of France; with all jurisdiction, rights, honours, authority, &c. belonging to the said dignity of peers and Dukes, and Sovereignty of the said duchy; doing homage to the crown of France."b

was

Which CHARLES first Duke of Richmond, was her only son by Charles II. who being present at his baptism, gave him the surname of Lenox, and his own christian name, Charles. He born on July 29th, 1672, and being of great hopes, was, in the third year of his age, created, by his royal father, Baron of Setrington, in the county of York, Earl of March (a title derived from the Marches in Wales) and DUKE OF RICHMOND, in Yorkshire, by letters patent, bearing date at Westminster, August 9th, 1675.

The French Revolution has swept away all this.

And his Majesty considering, with what lustre and glory the house of Lenox had shone in former times, and that by the death of Charles Stuart, Duke of Richmond and Lenox, the dignity of the Duke of Lenox was immerged in the crown; therefore, that the honour might be again revived, his Majesty bestowed the estate of Lenox on his son, the aforesaid Charles Duke of Richmond and by letters patent, passed in Scotland on September 9th, 1675, created him DUKE OF LENOX, Earl of Darnley, and Baron Methuen of Torbolton, and to the heirs male of his body.

His Grace was elected, on April 7th, 1681, a knight companion of the most noble order of the garter, and installed at Windsor on the 20th of the same month. At that time, and formerly, as pictures shew, the Knights of the Garter wore the blue ribbon round the neck, with the George appendant on the breast: but the Duke's mother having, some time after his installation, introduced him to the King, with his ribbon over his left shoulder, and the George appendant on the right side, his Majesty was so pleased with the conceit, that be commanded all the knights companions of the order to wear it the same way. His Grace was made master of the horse to the King, on the removal of the Duke of Monmouth; which office, during his minority, was executed by three commissioners, Henry Guy, Theophilus Oglethorpe, and Charles Adderly, Esqrs. ; but on the accession of King James to the throne, his mother having promoted the bill of exclusion, his Grace was removed from that honourable employment. On November 14th, 1693, he took his seat in the house of peers. In the reign of King William, his Grace served in Flanders, and was aid-de-camp to his Majesty. He was also one of the lords of the bedchamber to King George I. and departing this life, at his seat at Goodwood in Sussex, on May 27th, 1723, æt. fifty-one, was buried in King Henry the VIIth's chapel, in Westminster Abbey, but afterwards removed to Chichester cathedral.

His Grace married in January 1692-3, Anne, widow of Henry, son of John Lord Belasyse, of Worlaby. She was second daughter of Francis Lord Brudenell (who died vita patris) son and heir apparent of Robert Earl of Cardigan, and by her second husband left issue one son, Charles, second Duke of Richmond,

Elections and Installations of the Garter in Offic. Arm.
Journal Dom. Procer.

Lenox, and Aubigny; as also two daughters, Lady Louise, born December 24th, 1694, married to James, third Earl of Berkeley, and died January 15th, 1716-7, and Lady Anne, born June 24th, 1703, wedded to William Anne, second Earl of Albemarle, Her Grace departed this life on December 9th, 1722.

CHARLES, SECOND DUKE OF RICHMOND, Lenox, and Aubigny, in the lifetime of his father, was chosen a member of the house of commons for the city of Chichester, as also for the borough of Newport in the county of Southampton, in the parliament summoned to meet on May 10th, 1722. And when George I. revived the antient military order of knighthood of the Bath, he was declared one of the knights of that order, anno 1725. Also, on May 26th, 1726, was elected one of the knights companions of the most noble order of the garter, and installed at Windsor, on June 16th following; at which time he was one of the lords of the bedchamber, and aid-de-camp to his Majesty. Likewise, on the accession of George II. he was constituted one of the lords of the bedchamber, as also aid-de-camp to his Majesty; and at his coronation, on October 11th, 1727, was high constable of England for the day.

Her Grace the Duchess of Portsmouth dying on November 14th, 1734, the dukedom of Aubigny in France, with the peerage of that kingdom, devolved on his Grace; and on January 8th, 1734-5, he was appointed master of the horse to his Majesty, and the next day sworn of his most honourable privycouncil.

On July 2d, 1739, his Grace was made brigadier general of his Majesty's forces: on February 16th, 1739-40, elected one of the governors of the Charter-house: on May 12th, 1740, declared one of the lords justices for the administration of the government during his Majesty's absence: on January 1st, 1741-2, constituted major-general of his Majesty's forces, and of the staff of general officers for South Britain; also on June 6th, 1745, promoted to the rank of lieutenant-general.

In 1743, his Grace attended the late King during the campaign, and was present at the battle of Dettingen, on June 27th, N. S. He had been declared one of the lords justices of the kingdom before his Majesty's departure; and was also in that most honourable trust in 1745.

The same year the Pretender's eldest son, Charles, landing in

• Ex Inform. Car. Duc. Richmond.

Scotland, and advancing as far as Derby, his Grace attended the Duke of Cumberland in his expedition against the insurgents, and assisted in the reduction of Carlisle.

In 1748, his Grace was again appointed one of the lords justices of the kingdom; as also in 1750. On the death of the Duke of Somerset, he was chosen high steward of the city of Chichester: and his Grace accompanying the Duke of Newcastle to his instal. la ion at Cambridge, was admitted to the degree of doctor of physic, on July 3d, 1749. In August following, his Grace and his Duchess set out for France, to see his territories there, and returned to their house in Privy Garden, on October 27th the same year. On February 17th following, his Grace was constituted colonel of his Majesty's royal regiment of horse-guards; and departed this life, generally lamented, on August 8th, 1750, and was buried in the cathedral of Chichester, whither the corpses of his grandfather, transferred from Henry the VIIth's chapel in Westminster Abbey; and six of his children, five from London, and one from Boxgrove, were interred with him.

His Grace married at the Hague, on December 4th, 1719, Sarah, eldest daughter and coheir of William Earl Cadogan, and one of the ladies of the bedchamber to Queen Caroline; and had issue by her Grace (who died on August 25th, 1751),

First, Lady Georgina Carolina Lenox, who was born at London on March 27th, 1723, of whom hereafter, under the title of Baron Holland.

Second, a son, who died immediately after his birth, at London, on September 3d, 1724.

Third, Lady Louisa Margaret Lenox, who was born at London on November 15th, 1725, and died at Paris in 1728, his Grace in that year taking a tour into France.

Fourth, Lady Anne Lenox, who was born on May 27th, 1726, and died the next year in London.

Fifth, Charles Earl of March, who was born on September 29th, 1730, and died the same year in London.

Sixth, Lady Emilia Lenox, who was born on October 6th, 1731, and married on February 7th, 1746-7, to James, then Earl of Kildare, and afterwards Duke of Leinster, of the kingdom of Ireland, and Viscount Leinster of Great Britain, &c. He died November 19th, 1773. Her Grace married, secondly, William Ogilvie, Esq.

Seventh, Charles, third Duke of Richmond.

Eighth, Lord George Henry Lenox, born in London, on No.